WHO/UNICEF dan pemerintah Indonesia telah mencanangkan lnisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) sebagai bagian dari upaya mengoptimalisasi pemberian ASI eksklusifi Sebagai bagian manajernen laktasi yang relatif baru, IMD hams disoasialisasikan secara benar dan luas tidak hanya kepada kalangan tenaga medis saja tetapi juga pada masyarakat. Lokasi yang dipilih sebagai sasaran untulc mengetahui pelaksanaan IMD adalah Puskesmas Kecamatan Cengkareng Jakarta Barat pada bulan Mei 2008. Puskesmas ini merupakan wilayah percontohan dalam program HSP USAID, sebagai tindak lanjut pelatihan Komunikasi Perubahan Perilaku pada Kesehatan Ibu Bayi Baru Lahir dan Anak (KPP KIBBLA). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memperoleh informasi yang mendalam mengenai IMD pada ibu neonatal, mengidentiiikasi faktor predisposisi, faktor pemungkin dan faktor penguat ibu neonatal dalam pelaksanaan IMD. Sedangkan manfaat penclitian (1) menjadi masukan pengarnbil keputusan dalarn program KIA dan Gizi; (2)masukan bagi pengembangan ilmu perilaku dalam metode pendekatan terhadap peningkatan IMD; (3)untuk menindaklanjuti penelitian ini. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendckatan kualitatif§ dengan sampel penelitian bejumlah 65 infonnan terbagi atas 5 informan kunci (4 bidan dan ldokter) dan 60 infon-nan (48 ibu neonatal, 6 suami, 6 orang tua). Teknik pengumpulan data melalui Diskusi Kelompok Terarah (DKT) dan Wawancara Mendalam (WM). Disini obsen/asi bclum dilakukan. Pengolahan data yang dilakukan melalui beberapa tahap yaitu : membuat catatan dari wawancara dan rekaman kaset, rekapitulasi hasil, transkrip, pengkategorian data, mcmbuat rnatriks dan analisis isi. Hasil penelitian rncngambil kesimpulan bahwa pengctahuan infonnan ibu neonatal masih rendah, karena kurangnya sosialisasi/ticlak adanya penyuluhan mengenai IMD. Dengan demikian perlu adanya sosialisasi/penyuluhan tentang IMD bagi ibu hamil yang dilaksanakan pada saat pemeriksaan kehamilan, dcngan menggunakan metode tatap muka dan juga menggunakan media terutarna Iembar balik dan leaflet.

WHO/UNICEF and the govemment of Indonesia have declared the method of early initiative breastfeeding as a part to optimalize the effort of giving breast milk. As a part of lactation management which is relatively new, early initiative breastfeeding should be well socialized, not only to medical coalegues but also to the community. The chosen location as a target in order to know the early initiative breastfeeding in Cengkareng community health center, West Jakarta in May 2008. This public health center is a role model in Health Service Program of USAID, as a follow up of Behavioral Change Communication for Mother, Newbom Baby and Child Health. The objectives of this study is to gain infomation about early initiative breastfeeding on neonatal mother, to identify the predisposition factors, the conceived factors, the strenghten factors on neonatal mother in carried out early initiative breastfeeding. The benefit of this study is to: (1) give inputs for the decision making in mother and child health program and nutrition; (2) give inputs for the development of behavioral science for approach method to elevate the early initiative breastfeeding; (3) to give follow up for this study. The method is qualitative approach, with 65 informan divided into 5 key informan (4 midwives and l medical doctor) and 60 informan (48 neonatal mothers, 6 husbands, 6 parents). The collecting data is by Directed Group Discussion and in depth Interview. Observation has not been carried out on this study. The management data is carried out by some steps, i.e: making records of interviews and cawette recording, result recapitulation, transcript, data categorization, making mattiks and content analysis. The conclusion of this study is the knowledge of neonatal mother is still low, because of the lack of sosialization or promotion about early initiative breastfeeding. Theneby, it is important to give sosialization or promotion about early initiative breastfeeding for pregnant mother which is given when mothers check their pregnancy, by using face-to-face method and media, especially with reverse sheet and leaflet.

ABSTRAK Penyakit kusta masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia.  Kabupaten Majalengka salah satu daerah endemis kusta di Indonesia dengan angka kecacatan tingkat 2 tertinggi di Jawa Barat yang berhubungan dengan keterlambatan penemuan kasus baru dan pengobatan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka diperlukan suatu penelitian yang mendalam mengenai pencarian pertolongan pengobatan pada penderita kusta. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh informasi yang mendalam mengenai pencarian pertolongan pengobatan penderita kusta serta faktor penghambat dan penunjangnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Sindangwangi, Argapura, dan Sumberjaya Kabupaten Majalengka dengan metode kualitatif yang pengumpulan datanya dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam. Jumlah informan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 31 orang yang meliputi  informan penderita kusta dan informan kunci. Untuk menguji validitas hasil penelitian, dilakukan triangulasi sumber dan metode. Pengolahan data yang dilakukan terdiri dari mengumpulkan catatan hasil wawancara, membuat rekapitulasi hasil wawancara, membuat kategorisasi data, dan membuat matriks. Analisis yang dilakukan adalah Analisis isi atau content analysis untuk melihat kecenderungan hubungan antar variabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa pencarian pertolongan pengobatan memiliki kecenderungan berhubungan dengan persepsi keparahan dan bahaya penyakit, dorongan tokoh masyarakat, keluarga, media, dan penyuluhan petugas kesehatan. Pemilihan pelayanan kesehatan memiliki kecenderungan berhubungan dengan kebiasaan dan pengalaman berobat, sedangkan keteraturan berobat memiliki kecenderungan berhubungan dengan persepsi terhadap kualitas pelayanan kesehatan. Keterlambatan mencari pertolongan pengobatan memiliki kecenderungan berhubungan dengan pengetahuan penderita kusta mengenai penyakit kusta yang rendah, ketidaktahuan penderita kusta kalau di Puskesmas terdapat pengobatan untuk kusta dan salah diagnosa. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan advokasi terhadap Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Majalengka dan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Majalengka, meningkatkan promosi kesehatan dengan mengikutsertakan petugas promosi kesehatan di Puskesmas, menjalin kerjasama dengan lintas program dan lintas sektor, pelatihan keterampilan deteksi tanda kusta bagi petugas puskesmas, sosialisasi tentang pengobatan kusta dan keterampilan deteksi tanda kusta bagi dokter praktek di wilayah kerja puskesmas, pelatihan (training of trainers) penyuluhan kusta, penyuluhan intensif dan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Daftar Bacaan : 39 (1974 - 2007) Kata Kunci: Kusta, Pencarian Pertolongan Pengobatan Kusta

ABSTRACT Leprosy disease is still become the problem for public health in Indonesia. This matter happened, caused by factor pursuing effort of early case finding and leprosy treatment directly and also indirectly. Based on these, hence it is needed a circumstantial research in health seeking behavior of leprosy patient. The objective this research is to obtain circumstantial information on heatlh seeking behavior of leprosy patient . This research was conducted in Sindangwangi, Argapura, and Sumberjaya Sub- districts with qualitative method, which its data collecting conducted by in-depth interview. The number of informants in this research is 31 people, which consisting of leprosy patient and key informant . To assess the validity of result of the research, it was conducted  triangulation resources. The Data analysis consist of collect the record of interview results, made summary of the result of interview, made the transcript, made data categorization, and made matrix. The next step is content analysis to see the tendency of the relationship between those variables. The result of this research show, that seeking help of medication have tendency relate to hard perception and the severeness of disease, motivation of community leader, family, media, and education of health service officer. Election of the health service have tendency relate to experience and habit of medication, while regularity of medication have tendency relate to perception to the quality of health service. The delay in seeking help of medication have tendency relate to knowledge of Leprosy suspect on Leprosy disease is still low, the lack of knowledge of Leprosy patient, where in Community Health Center there is medical treatment for leprosy and wrong diagnosed. Thereby require to be conducted advocacy to Local Government of Majalengka District, and Health Service of Majalengka District for the allocation of fund and support Leprosy Program with curative and preventive priorities, improving health promotion by involve health promotion officer in Community Health Center, cooperation between cross section that is religion section, and education in order to apply the Leprosy Program specially counseling, training about leprosy detection for health workers, socialization about leprosy treatment and leprosy sign for private doctors in Puskesmas area, training of trainers for leprosy IEC (information, education, and communication, intensive counseling with the target is Leprosy patient, family member of Leprosy patient, and also community, and enforce community participation in leprosy control. References: 39 (1974-2007) Key word: Leprosy, Health Seeking Behavior of Leprosy Patient.

Hasil pembangunan kesehatan adalah meningkatuya umur harapan hidup, sehingga terjadi peningkatan jumlah lansia di Indonesia dengan berbegai masalah kesehatannya. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut maka dilakukanlah suatu upaya dalam bentuk kegiatan posyandu lansia yang bertujuan agar pra lansia (45-59 tahun) dan lansia kegiatan sosial secara rutin. Angka pemanfaatan Posyandu Lansia di Wliayah Kerja Puskesmas Naras Kola Pariaman masih sangat rendah yaitu 13,23% pada talmn 2007, angka ini masih jauh dari SPM yaitu 40"/o. Penelitian ini bertujuan unlnk mendapatkan informasi yang mendalam tentang posyandu lansia karena ketidalctahuan terhadap kegiatan posyandu lansia dan adanya pengaruh keluarga yang sangat kuat dalam memanfaatkan pengobatan tradisional. Mengatasi masalah tersebut maka perlu adanya penyuluhan tentang posyandu lansia secara intensif dengan langkah-langkah sebagai berikut: advokasi kepeda Dinas Kesehatan Kota Pariaman untuk mendapatkan dukuagan dana sosialisasi posyandu untuk perbaikan alat kesehatan dan pengadaan Kartu Menuju Sehat (KMS) lansia, meningkatkan sosialisasi posyandu lansia melalui pelatihan petugas pembina wilayah dan kader, penyuluhan melalui media lokal serta meningkatkan komitmen Puskesmas Naras dalam memberikan pelayanan di posyandu lansia dengan menamhah petugas kesebatan posyandu lansia di daerah pegunungan, melakukan perneriksaao laberatorium saderhana dan mendatangkan petugas PKM dalam sadap kegiatan posyandu lansia serta melakukan senam lansia secara rutin.

As the consequence of the result of health development is the increase of life expectacy age that leads to the increase in the number of the elderly people in Indonesia including its health problem. In order to overcome the problem, an effort is conducted in the form of activities of the integrated health posts (posyandu) for the elderly that aims to make the pre elderly people (aged 45-59) aod elderly people (aged'?:60) become healthy and self reliant by conducting their health examination and social activities regularly. The number of utilization of the integrated health posts for the elderly in the working area of Naras Health Center of Pariaman City was still low (13.23%) in 2007. The number was lower than Minimal Service Staodard (SPM), that was 40%. The study aimed to obtain the information of the utilization of the integrated health posts for the elderly and factors supported and delayed in utilizing the integrated health posts for the elderly in the working area of Naras Health Center of Pariaman City. To overcome the problems mentioned above, it is needed a elucidation (communication, information, and education) about the integrated health posts fur the elderly intensively with following steps: advocacy towards the Health Office of Pariaman City to get the financial support of socialization of the integrated health posts to repair the medical appliances and to procure the health monitoring card (KMS) for the elderly, to maintain the socialization of the integrated health posts for the elderly through training for regional assistance staffs and health volunteers, to run the elucidation through local media and to maintain the commitment of Naras Health Center in providing the service in the integrated health posts for elderly by adding health staffs at mountain area, to conduct the simple laboratorium test, and to make the health center staffs attended in every activity conducted in the integrated health posts, as well as to conduct the exercise for elderly regularly.

Posyandu merupakan salahsatu bentuk partisipasi masyarakat dalam upaya meningkatkan derajat kesehatan. Salah satu fimgsi posyandu adalah untuk memantau kcschatan dan pertumbuhan perkembangan balita lewat kegiatan-kegiatan yang dilaksanakan di posyandu. Kehadiran ibu di posyandu dengan membawa anak balitanya sangat mendukung tercapainya salah satu tujuan posyandu yaitu meningkatkan kesehatan ibu dan anak serta memantau tumbuh kemhang balita dalam upaya menoegah tenjadinya kasus gizi kurang atau gizi buruk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk m getahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan tindakan ibu untuk membawa anak balitany kc posyandu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain penelitian non-experimental dcngan rancangan potong lintang (cross sectional). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancam menggunakan kuesioner. Penelitian ini dilakukan di semua posyandu di Kecamatan Palas Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Sampei penelitian ini adalah ibu-ibu yang mempunyai anak balita yang berusia diatas l tahun. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode acak sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 8 vaziabel yang dimasukkan sebagai variabel kandidat yaitu 5 faktor yang dimasukkan karena bermakna (p value <0,05), 2 faktor karena mempunyai nilai p<0,25, dan 1 &ktor (umur anak balita) karena secara substantif dianggap berpengamh pada tindakan ibil untuk membawa anak balitanya ke posyandu mendapatkan hasil bahwa pengetahuan ibu tentang posyandu dan adanya dorongan dari tokoh masyarakat adaiah faktor yang mempunyai hubungan bermakna. Sedangkan faktor umur anak balita, pengetahuan ibu tentang KMS dan jadwal pelaksanaan posyandu sebagai variabel kontbunding. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa faktor yang paling dominan adalah pengetahuan ibu tentang posyandu dengan OR sebesa: 2,689 yang aninya rcsponden yang memiliki pengetahuan tentang posyandu yang baik akan selalu datang kc posyandu dalam 3 bulau terakhir sebesar 3 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan ibu yang memiliki pengetahuan tentang posyandu yang kurang, setelah dikontml variabel dorongan dari tokoh masyarakat, umur anak balita, pengetahuan ibu tentang KMS dan jadwal pelaksanaan posyandu. Untuk itu disarankan untuk lebih menggalakkan kegiatan promosi kesehatan sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat dan xnengaktifkan tokoh masyarakat agar dapat mendorong ibu untuk membawa anak baljtanya ke posyandu.

The integrated health post is one of community participation in enhancing the health status. One of functions of the integrated health post is to monitor the health, development, and growth of under-five children through activities conducted in it. Mothers attendance in the integrated health post with their children encourage to achieve the aim of the integrated health post that is to increase the mother and children health as well as to monitor the children’s growth and development in preventing malnutrition. The objective of this study was to assess factors related to mothers decision to bring their children to the integrated health post. It was non-experimental study with cross sectional design. Interview using questionnaire was conducted to collect data. The study wa conducted in all ofthe integrated health posts at Palas Sub District in South Lampung District. Sample in this study were mothers whose under-tive children with age above one year old. Simple random sampling method was chosen to take the sample. The study showed that out of 8 variables included as candidate variables in which 5 (tive) factors included had p-value <0.05, 2 (two) factors had p-value <0.25, and the rest (the children age) substantively had an influenced to mo1.her's decision to bring their children to the integrated health posts. The study revealed that mothers knowledge about the integrated health post and encouragement from the public figure in their commtmity were factors that had signihcant association. While the children age, mother's knowledge about health monitoring card, and schedule of integrated health post were confounding factors in the study. The study concluded that the most dominant factor was mother's knowledge about the integrated health post with 0R=’2.689. It means that respondents whose good knowledge about the integrated health post will always come to the post in the last three months as many as 3 (three) times higher than those whose less knowledge about the integrated health post after controlled by variables of encouragement Bom public figure, children age, mother's knowledge about health monitoring card, and schedule ofthe integrated health post. It recommended strengthening the health promotion program as effort to increase the community knowledge and to make the local public figure to be more active encouraging mothers to bring their children to the integrated posts.

ABSTRACT Health development aim to for increase the awareness, willingness and ability of healthy life for every people in order to existed by degree of health of society which at the farthest as well as representing of human rights being, what require to be fought for by each and everyone, socialize, inclusive of related/relevant part?s Integrated Health Post (Posyandu) represent to exist reality strive of community based health effort, having principle from, by and to community. Self reliant of Posyandu can only be reached with the improvement participate each; every element community exist in the region and motorized by cadre Posyandu. Factor influence role of cadre in improving self reliant of Posyandu for example cadre characteristic, others factor consisted of financing and construction and local policy to supporting execution of activity of Posyandu in the region. This research use approach qualitative to dig circumstantial information hit factor influencing the cadre role in improving independence Posyandu in region Public Health Center (PHC) Karang Kitri, Sub district of East Bekasi, District Bekasi by focus group discussion and others have from through in-depth interview conducted for builder coming from PHC, Leader of PKK, and chief of RW as elite figure of community. Informants in focus group discussion amount to 40 from 8 chosen Posyandu and represent cadre Posyandu have worked to become cadre during > 5 year. Result obtained there's only 2 self-reliant of Posyandu exist in region work CHC Karang Kitri. Characteristic factor of cadre have important influence in cadre lifelines execute activity Posyandu. Generally cadre age range from 31-60 year. Cadre old (aging) can only conduct balance activity, what have the low education of Faktor yang mempengaruhi..., Darmayanti, FKM UI, 2007 indigent do counseling. While cadre residence distance not have an effect on their activity execute in Posyandu, because they work voluntarily. This research concluded that active role of cadre in given the task to improve the development of the quality operational of activity Posyandu and to move community effort potency exist in this area of Posyandu. Others factor, availability of facility Posyandu, resources from community, including defrayal, to build and guidance by technical worker, joint responsibility among stakeholders as like as chief of RW as elite figure in community, community organization (PKK), and the local policy in this area. As potential human resources, cadre Posyandu have duty assist provider in collecting of data, surveillance in community health and to move empowering community participate. Finally, make-up of performance and quality of Posyandu will push reaching of self-reliant of that Posyandu itself.