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ABSTRAK Analisi data sekunder Riskesdas 2010 mengidentifikasi kejadian komplikasi pasca persalinan di Indonesia. Sampel 9665 wanita yang berumur 10 – 59 tahun pernah kawin, hamil dan melahirkan anak terakhir dalam kurun waktu 5 tahun terkahir sebelum survai dan memiliki data lengkap sesuai dengan variabel yang akan diteliti. Variabel dependen komplikasi pasca persalinan. Hasil penelitian faktor yang berhubungan dengan komplikasi pasca persalinan, riwayat komplikasi kehamilan (OR = 2,18; 95% CI : 1,18– 2,63; P value : 0,0001); riwayat komplikasi persalinan (OR = 3,01; 95% CI : 2,66–3,40; P value : 0,000) dan penolong persalinan (OR = 1,32; 95% CI : 1,14–1,52; P value : 0,0001). Riwayat komplikasi persalinan merupakan faktor yang paling berhubungan, dengan nilai p 0,0001 dan OR 3,01. Memberikan perhatian khusus pada ibu hamil yang memiliki riwayat komplikasi baik kehamilan maupun persalinan, sehingga dapat dilakukan penanganan secara dini terhadap komplikasi pasca persalinan.
ABSTRACT In depth analysis of the Riskesdas data 2010 identifity determinants of postpartum complication in Indonnesia. The sampel was taken 9.665 women aged 10-59 years old have been married, pregnant and gave birth to the last child in the last 5 years prior to the survey and had complete data in accordance with the variables to be studied. Dependent variable postpartum complications. The results of factors associated with postpartum complications, history of pregnancy complications (OR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.18 to 2.63, P value: 0.000), a history of birth complications (OR = 3.01, 95% CI: 2.66 to 3.40, P value: 0.000) and birth attendants (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.52, P value: 0.000). It was found that history of childbirth complications was the main factor in postpartum complication with p 0.0001 and OR 3.01. Giving special attention to pregnant women who have a history of either pregnancy or childbirth complications, so it can be done early treatment of complications after delivery.
Unmet need is a health problem in married adolescents. The existence of teenagers has dominated the population in the world. Based on the 2019 UNICEF report, the population of adolescents (aged 10-19 years) is 16% of the total world population. Indonesia is one of the countries experiencing population density problems, with a population equivalent to 3.5% of the total world population. Research with a cross sectional design, to find out the factors related to unmet need in Indonesia in 2017. The sample in this study was 626 women aged 15-19 years with 626 married status. The proportion of Unmet need for contraception in couple of reproductive age pregnancies of adolescent girls aged 15-19 years in the 2017 IDHS is 8.5%. The results of the calculation of the research modeling showed that the proportion of unmet need for contraception in female adolescent couple of reproductive age pregnancies was 10.4%, with the proportion in urban areas being 53.84% and in rural areas being 46.15%. Factors related to the unmet need for contraception in adolescent pregnancy in Indonesia
Decreased birth rates for adolescent aged 15-19 years are the targets of the BKKBNStrategic Plan and the development of population and family planning in the 2020-2024National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN), with a target of 25 per 1,000births by 2020 and targeted at 18 per 1,000 births in 2024. Birth rates for teenage girlsaged 15-19 years according to the 2017 IDHS are still high, namely 36 per 1,000women aged 15-19 years, and adolescent girls 15-19 years who have become mothersand or are pregnant with their first child increased from 8.5% in 2007 to 9.5% in 2012.This study aims to determine the factors associated with adolescent pregnancy. Thecross sectional study design, uses secondary data for the 2017 IDHS. The sample of thisstudy is adolescent girls aged 15-19 years who have had sexual relations in the 2017IDHS data. The results of the study show that there is a significant relationship betweeneducation level, contraceptive use, access to health facilities and marital status withadolescent pregnancy. Variables that are jointly associated with adolescent pregnancyaged 15-19 years are marital status, exposure to family planning messages, access tohealth facilities and use of contraceptives. Marital status (OR = 12,105, 95% CI =6,449-22,720) is the most influential factor with adolescent pregnancy. The highproportion of adolescent pregnancies aged 15-19 years requires serious attention fromthe government and related parties in an effort to minimize the negative effects of teenpregnancy.Key words: adolescent pregnancy ; adolescent; 2017 IDHS.
Tingginya pemberian MP-ASI dini pada bayi turut berkontribusi akan terjadinya penyakit infeksi dan kurang gizi terutama pada bayi usia 0 - 6 bulan pertama kehidupan, juga berperan untuk memperpendek jarak kelahiran serta dapat menimbulkan penyakit degeneratif seperti Diabetes mellitus, Hipertensi, penyakit sirkulasi dan kanker pada usia dewasa akibat terjadinya obesitas yang berhubungan dengan pemberian MP-ASI dini pada masa bayi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dan faktor yang dominan hubungannya dengan pemberian makanan pendamping ASI dini pada bayi di kecamatan Pasar Rebo, kotamadya Jakarta Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Crossectional atau potong lintang, semua variabel diukur sekaligus dalam waktu yang sama sehingga tidak luput dari kelemahan-kelemahan yang sedapat mungkin sudah diminimalkan.Populasi dan sampel dalam ponelitian ini adalah ibu kandung dari bayi usia 4 - 11 bulan. Sampel diambil menggunakan metode acak stratifikasi setelah lebih dahulu dibuat kerangka sampel dari dasar pencacahan individu tahunan yang baru selesai dilakukan oleh Departemen Transmigrasi dan Kependudukan di kecamatan Pasar Rebo Jakarta Timur. Dari 202 orang calon responder terpilih, tidak semua berhasil diwawancarai dengan alasan, usia bayi ternyata tidak memenuhi syarat, ibu sedang sakit, sedang bepergian dan pindah alamat sehingga jumlah responden yang memenuhi syarat menjadi 186 orang.Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh gambaran bahwa pemberian MP-ASI dini sangat tinggi yaitu mencapai 90,7 %, sehingga data menjadi homogen dan kurang kuat dipakai untuk menggali beberapa faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemberian MP-ASI dini pada bayi. Ditemukan dua faktor yang berhubungan bermakna dengan pemberian MP-ASI dini pada bayi yaitu pengetahuan ibu tentang dampak pemberian MP-ASI dini pada bayi (p= 0,0018, OR = 3,696 dan 95% CI 1,254 - 10,896) dan pemberian ASI pertama kali atau inisiasi menyusui merupakan faktor yang dominan pengaruhnya (p 0,004, OR = 5,414, 95% CI 1,706 - 17,183). Pada analisis univariat ditemukan pemberian contoh makanan bayi gratis pada ibu bersalin yang cukup besar (43%) dan diperoleh informasi bahwa 95% responden menerimanya dari bidan. Sebanyak 74,2% bayi sudah diberi makanan pralaktal. Sekitar 88% diberikan oleh bidan dan hanya 3,6% yang diberikan oleh keluarga dekat. Sebanyak 74,7% bayi usia < 4 bulan sudah diberi minuman selain ASI dan 36,6% diantaranya melanjutkan pemberian minuman selain ASI (susu formula) yang dimulai dari tempat persalinan.Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan ibu tentang dampak pemberian MP-ASI dini pada bayi masih sangat rendah dan peran petugas kesehatan terutama bidan cukup besar dalam pemberian MP-ASI dini pada bayi.Disarankan agar materi penyuluhan tentang dampak pemberian MP-ASI dini pada bayi dan manajemen laktasi semakin ditingkatkan dan menganjurkan petugas kesehatan selalu memberikan edukasi kepada ibu hamil, bersalin, menyusui dan keluarganya. Departemen Kesehatan agar lebih meningkatkan pengawasan terhadap produsen susu formula maupun petugas kesehatan yang secara terang-terangan sudah berani melanggar kode etik pemasaran makanan pengganti air susu ibu. Perlu dilakukan penelitian dengan metode yang lain untuk menggali faktor penyebab tingginya angka pemberian MP-ASI dini dan tingginya peran bidan dalam memberikan contoh susu formula dan makanan pralaktal pada bayi.
The high rate of early breast milk supplementary feeding for infants has contributed to infection and malnutrition mainly for infants at the age of 0 to 6 months and it contributing to shortening birth interval and degenerative diseases for adult such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, circulatory diseases and cancer which caused by obesity related to early breast milk supplementary feeding for infants.This research aims at collecting information of relating factors and dominant factor related to early breast milk supplementary feeding for infants in Pasar Rebo, a sub district area of East Jakarta Municipality. This research using crossectional method, where all variables are measured in the same time and some weaknesses might be found which have been tried to minimize.The population and sample of this research are mothers who have infant 4 to 11 months of age. Sample are taken using random stratification which are obtained from annual survey of The Department of Transmigration and Population in Pasar Rebo, East Jakarta There are only 186 respondents able to register, out of 202 determined respondents since some of them are those who have infants not at the required age, sickness, change of address (moved).This research shows that there are 90,7% of early infants supplementary feeding which led to homogeny data and less enough to use in finding factors related to early infant breast milk supplementary feeding. Nevertheless, there are 2 imperative factors found related to early breast milk supplementary feeding for infants; firstly, the first time of breast feeding factor (p = 0.004, OR = 5.414, 95% CI 1.706 - 17.183). Secondly, the lack of respondents knowledge of the impact of early breast milk supplementary feeding for infants (p = 0.018, OR = 3.696 and 95% CI = 1.254 -1.0.896).Some of research variables have no strong relation to early breast milk supplementary feeding for infants. However, there are considerable number (43%) found in univariat analysis such as unpaid infant foods for promotion for respondents who delivered birth and there are 95% of respondents received from the midwives. 88% of prelacteal feeding given by the midwives, and there are only 3.6% given by their family.Approximately 74.7% of infants less than 4 months of age are given other fluid and 36.6% of them are given other milk since the first time in the hospital. According to this research, it is conclude that given early breast milk supplementary feeding for infants caused by the delayed initiation of breast feeding, the lack of respondents knowledge of impact of early breast milk supplementary feeding for infants and the midwives, have dominant role in given early infants supplementary food.It is suggested, therefore, that counseling material of the impact of early breast milk supplementary feeding for infants should be increased and medical officers should be intentionally educate pregnant women, those who deliver birth and breast feeding as well as their family. The Department of Health should also be intentionally controlling milk producers and medical officers who darely abuse the ethic code of complementary foods marketing.There should be more research to find out factors led to the high rate of early breast milk supplementary feeding for infants and the role of midwives in giving milk sample and prelacteal food for infants.
