Ditemukan 27849 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query :: Simpan CSV
Patricia Soetjipto; Pembimbing: Wiku Bak Bawono Adisasmito; Penguji: Pujiyanto, Ahari Achadi, Rohani Budi Prihatin, Widyastuti Wibisana
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Abstrak
Pembentukan kebijakan pengendalian dampak tembakau dipengaruhi oleh faktor diantaranya kesehatan, ekonomi, hukum dan politik. Keempat faktor tersebut merupakan faktor yang saling mempengaruhi didalam membentuk kebijakan pengendalian dampak tembakau. Faktor Kesehatan merupakan faktor yang paling utama dalam pembentukan kebijakan ini. Tingginya prevalensi perokok di Indonesia, perokok dewasa pria maupun wanita, dan terutama perokok remaja dan anak-anak. Rokok menyebabkan sakit dan kematian. Faktor ekonomi tidak seluruhnya mempengaruhi, ekonomi yang terkait beban sakit dan mati saja yang merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi bagi dibentukan kebijakan ini. Ekonomi terkait pertanian dan industri diatur dalam kebijakan yang berbeda dengan kebijakan pengendalian tembakau. Faktor hukum merupakan faktor yang harus ada dalam memberikan dasar hukum, payung hukum dan menjadi hukum positif yang ditaati dan melindungi kepentingan kesehatan masyarakat dari dampak buruk rokok. Sedangkan faktor politik merupakan faktor penentu dalam mewujudkan kebijakan pengendalian tembakau. Sedangkan faktor politik merupakan kunci bagi sebuah kebijakan untuk dapat diwujudkan menjadi hukum positif. Proses, persepsi dan komitmen dari pembentuk kebijakan merupakan faktor politik yang sangat mempengaruhi pembentukan kebijakan pengendalian dampak tembakau.
The making of policies on the control of Tobacco Effects on Health is affected by various factors, including health, economy, law and politics. Those four factors are mutually affecting in the making of policies on the control of tobacco effects. The health factor is the most dominant factor in this matter, including the high level of smokers? prevalence in Indonesia, adult male and female smokers, and especially teenage and child smokers. Cigarettes cause diseases and death. The economic factor does not entirely affect the policy making, only economic aspects which are related to the burden of illness and death are influential to the policy making. Economic aspects related to agriculture and industry are regulated by policies which are separated from the policies on tobacco control. The legal factor must exist in order to provide legal basis and legal umbrella, and will also become the positive law which must be complied with and will protect public health interest from the negative impacts of cigarettes. Whereas the political factor is a determining factor in realizing policies on tobacco control. The political factor is also a key factor for enabling a policy to become a positive law. The process, perception and commitment of the policy-makers constitute the political factors which greatly affect the making of policies on the control of tobacco effects.
T-3505
Depok : FKM-UI, 2012
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Mimi Sumiarsih; Pembimbing: Wiku Bakti Bawono Adisasmito; Penguji: Sudarto Ronoatmodjo, Pujiyanto, Miko Hananto, Yana Yojana
T-5500
Depok : FKM UI, 2019
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Salman Mauluddin Idris; Pembimbing: Atik Nurwahyuni; Penguji: Dumilah Ayuningtyas, Pujiyanto, Nurul Jamal, Misbachul Munir
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Indonesia merupakan negara dengan penduduk muslim terbanyak di dunia dan pengirim jemaah haji terbanyak ke Arab Saudi. Minat penduduk muslim Indonesia berhaji sangat tinggi mengakibatkan masa tunggu keberangkatan yang sangat panjang. Lamanya masa tunggu mempengaruhi kesiapan dan kemampuan jemaah haji, termasuk status kesehatannya. Jemaah haji yang berangkat ke Arab Saudi dengan risti penyakit dan usia lanjut berpotensi menimbulkan permasalahan kesehatan selama menunaikan ibadah haji. Kebijakan Istithaah Kesehatan Haji merupakan upaya untuk melakukan filterisasi kesehatan bagi Jemaah sebelum berangkat agar dapat menunaikan ibadah haji dalam keadaan sehat dan mandiri. Istithaah kesehatan ditetapkan saat pemeriksaan kesehatan tahap kedua, satu tahun sampai tiga bulan sebelum keberangkatan ke Arab Saudi. Implementasi kebijakan tidak terlepas dari tantangan dan kendala di lapangan, sehingga perlu dilakukan revisi dan simplifikasi agar tujuan kebijakan menjaga kesehatan jemaah haji sebelum berhaji dapat tercapai dengan baik. Oleh karena itu menarik untuk dilakukan Policy Review terhadap kebijakan istithaah kesehatan haji yang ada, untuk menghasilkan rekomendasi terhadap kebijakan istithaah kesehatan haji yang sedang direvisi dan disimplifikasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualititatif dengan metode wawancara mendalam terhadap informan kunci serta telaah dokumen. Segitiga kebijakan Walt dan Gilson digunakan untuk melakukan review terhadap kebijakan istithaah kesehatan haji dengan melihat dimensi aktor, konten, konteks dan proses dalam penyusunan sampai implementasi kebijakan ini. Kesimpulan hasil review menunjukkan kebijakan telah dilaksanakan dengan baik dari pusat sampai ke daerah, tetapi perlu pengembangan dan revisi terkait pemeriksaan kesehatan dan penentuan status Istihaah Kesehatan. Keterlibatan aktor Pusat dan Daerah dengan kewenangan/perannya berjalan sinergis dan responsif terhadap permasalahan yang ada. Harmonisasi kebijakan selaras dengan peraturan yang lebih tinggi dan sinergis dengan kebijakan dari Kementerian Agama terkait penyelenggaraan haji. Revisi dan simplifikasi terhadap substansi kebijakan berdasarkan hasil diskusi dan saran dari stakeholder digunakan sebagai masukan dalam membuat penyempurnaan konten kebijakan istithaah kesehatan haji. Secara konteks, faktor yang mempengaruhi pengembangan dan implementasi kebijakan istithaah kesehatan adalah faktor situasional terkait kondisi internal Jemaah, yaitu tingginya angka risti kesehatan dan usia lanjut pada jemaah haji, serta kondisi eksternal yaitu kebijakan pelaksanaan ibadah haji Arab Saudi sebagai respon dari kondisi kesehatan masyarakat internasional yang berpengaruh terhadap pelaksanaan ibadah haji. Faktor struktural yaitu belum adanya struktur organisasi yang menangani program kesehatan haji di Dinkes Provinsi dan Kab/Kota, sehingga penyelenggaraan kesehatan haji belum terkelola dengan baik. Proses Birokratisasi melibatkan stakeholder terkait dalam penyusunan sampai penerapan kebijakan, tidak terbatas pada pemerintah tetapi juga masyarakat dan keagamaan agar kebijakan yang disusun sesuai dengan syariat Islam. Monitoring dan evaluasi dilaksanakan untuk menganalisis apakah kebijakan berjalan dengan baik serta kepentingan pengembangan kebijakan selanjutnya. Penelitian merekomendasikan untuk melakukan revisi dan simplifikasi terhadap substansi Kebijakan Istithaah Kesehatan Haji, kemudian perlu pembahasan untuk mitigasi kondisi kesehatan khusus yang mempengaruhi penyelenggaraan haji. Selain itu perlu peningkatan kerjasama terkait pertukaran dan pemanfaatan data jemaah antara Kemenag dengan Kemenkes serta Dinkes Provinsi dan Kab/Kota, sosialisasi Istithaah kesehatan haji dalam materi edukasi kesehatan pada manasik haji di Kabupaten/Kota, serta diperlukan struktur organisasi untuk menjalankan program kesehatan haji di Dinkes Provinsi dan Kab/Kota, sehingga jemaah haji dapat mencapai kondisi istithaah kesehatan sebelum berangkat menunaikan ibadah haji di Arab Saudi.
Indonesia is a country with the largest Muslim population in the world and sends the most pilgrims to Saudi Arabia. The interest of the Indonesian Muslim population for hajj is very high resulting in a very long waiting period for departure. The length of the waiting period affects the readiness and ability of the pilgrims, including their health status. Pilgrims who leave for Saudi Arabia with a history of illness and old age have the potential to cause health problems during the pilgrimage. The Istithaah Hajj Health Policy is an effort to carry out health screening for pilgrims before departure so that they can perform the Hajj in a healthy and independent condition. Health istithaah is determined during the second phase of the medical examination, one year to three months before departure to Saudi Arabia. Policy implementation is inseparable from challenges and obstacles in the field, so it is necessary to revise and simplify the policy, so that the policy objectives of maintaining the health of pilgrims before pilgrimage can be achieved properly. Therefore, it is interesting to carry out a Policy Review of the existing Hajj health istithaah policies, to produce recommendations for the Hajj health istithaah policies which are being revised and simplified. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach using in-depth interviews with key informants and document analysis. Walt and Gilson's policy triangle is used to review the Hajj health istithaah policy by looking at the dimensions of actors, content, context, and process in the preparation to implementation of this policy. The conclusion of the review results shows that the policy has been implemented well from the center to the regions government, but it needs development and revision related to medical examination and determining the status of Health Istihaah. The involvement of central and regional actors with their authority/role is synergistic and responsive to existing problems. Policy harmonization is in line with higher regulations and synergistic with policies from the Ministry of Religion regarding the implementation of Hajj. Revision and simplification of the substance of the policy based on the results of discussions and suggestions from stakeholders are used as input in making improvements to the content of the Hajj health istithaah policy. In context, the factors that influence the development and implementation of health istithaah policies are situational factors related to the internal conditions of the pilgrims, like the high number of health high risk and old age among pilgrims, as well as external conditions, specifically the policy of pilgrimage by Saudi Arabia Kingdom, as a response to the health situation of the international community that influence for the pilgrimage. Structural factors such as the absence of an organizational structure that handles the Hajj health program at the Provincial and District/City Health Offices, that impact the implementation of Hajj health is not well managed. The bureaucratization process involves relevant stakeholders in the formulation and implementation of policies, not limited to the government but also the community and religion so that the policies prepared are in accordance with Islamic law. Monitoring and evaluation is carried out to analyze whether the policy is running well and the interests of further policy development. The research recommends revising and simplifying the substance of the Hajj Health Istithaah Policy, then discussing the mitigation of special health conditions that affect the implementation of the Hajj. In addition, it is necessary to increase cooperation regarding the exchange and utilization of pilgrims data between the Ministry of Religion and the Ministry of Health as well as Provincial and District/City Health Offices, socialization of Hajj health Istithaah in health education materials on Hajj rituals in Regencies/Cities, and an organizational structure is needed to run the Hajj health program at the Health Office Provinces and Regencies/Cities, so that pilgrims can reach a state of health istithaah before leaving to perform the pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia
T-6689
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nurul Safitri; Pembimbing: Dumilah Ayuningtyas; Penguji: Pujiyanto, Vetty Yulianty Permanasari, Ismiyati, Anisa
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Alat kesehatan di Indonesia masih dipenuhi oleh lebih dari 70% alat kesehatan impor. Selain itu, transaksi alat kesehatan dalam negeri dalam e-katalog pada tahun 2019-2020 yang masih rendah (12%) menandakan masih besarnya ketergantungan terhadap alat kesehatan impor. Upaya Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia untuk mengatasi hal tersebut adalah dengan menerbitkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 20 Tahun 2017 yang mewajibkan penerapan Cara Pembuatan Alat Kesehatan yang Baik (CPAKB), paling lambat 4 tahun sejak peraturan tersebut diterbitkan. Hingga tahun 2022, jumlah sarana produksi alat kesehatan yang memiliki sertifikat CPAKB hanya 30,52%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan Cara Pembuatan Alat Kesehatan yang Baik tahun 2022. Penelitian dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam terhadap informan dari pemerintah, asosiasi, dan industri alat kesehatan di Indonesia, serta telaah dokumen. Penelitian menggunakan model implementasi kebijakan Grindle dan Van Meter Van Horn yang dimodifikasi dalam kerangka segitiga kebijakan Walt-Gilson. Hasil penelitian adalah ukuran dan tujuan kebijakan, kepentingan yang dipengaruhi, dan manfaat kebijakan sudah jelas, namun terkendala dari sumber daya keuangan yang masih terbatas. Lingkungan ekonomi, sosial, dan politik berpengaruh terhadap pelaksanaan kebijakan. Karakterisitik lembaga pelaksana mendukung implementasi kebijakan, namun strategi para pelaksana masih belum dilaksanakan secara optimal. Disposisi pelaksana masih kurang dan komunikasi kebijakan perlu ditingkatkan. Dari sisi aktor/pelaksana kebijakan, masih terdapat keterbatasan jumlah sumber daya manusia untuk menerapkan kebijakan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah secara umum kebijakan sudah terlaksana dengan baik, namun masih terdapat beberapa kendala pada pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya penguatan kebijakan-kebijakan yang mendorong penerapan CPAKB dan dukungan dari para pelaksana kebijakan, terutama terkait penguatan kebijakan izin edar alat kesehatan dalam negeri dimana CPAKB dijadikan persyaratan wajib dalam pengajuan izin edar.
Medical devices in Indonesia are still fulfilled by more than 70% of imported medical devices. In addition, domestic medical device transactions in e-catalogs in 2019-2020 were still low (12%) indicating that there was still a large dependence on imported medical devices. The effort of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia to overcome this is by issuing Minister of Health Regulation Number 20 of 2017 which requires the application of Good Medical Device Manufacturing Practices (CPAKB), no later than 4 years after the regulation was issued. Until 2022, the number of medical device production facilities that have CPAKB certificates is only 30.52%. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of the Good Medical Device Manufacturing Practice policy in 2022. The research was conducted qualitatively using in-depth interviews with informants from the government, associations, and the medical device industry in Indonesia, as well as document reviews. This research uses the policy implementation model of Grindle and Van Meter Van Horn which is modified within the framework of the Walt-Gilson policy triangle. The results of the research are that the standard and objectives of the policy, the interests affected, and the benefits of the policy are clear, but are constrained by limited financial resources. The economic, social, and political environment influences policy implementation. The characteristics of implementing agencies support policy implementation, but the strategies of implementing agencies have not been implemented optimally. The disposition of implementers is still lacking and policy communication needs to be improved. In terms of actors/policy implementers, there is still a limited number of human resources to implement policies. This study concludes that in general the policy has been implemented well, but there are still obstacles in its implementation. This study recommends the need to strengthen policies that encourage the implementation of CPAKB and support from policy implementers, especially related to strengthening the policy for registration of distribution permits for domestic medical devices where CPAKB must be a mandatory requirement in the application.
T-6649
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Shofi Sari Azima; Pembimbing: Ede Surya Darmawan; Penguji: Vetty Yulianty Permanasari, Wiku Bakti Bawono Adisasmito, Irham Putra, Aprilia Krisliana
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan anggaran berbasis kinerja terhadap capaian Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM) HIV Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tangerang Selatan Tahun Anggaran 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, studi dokumen, dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun proses penganggaran telah mengikuti siklus perencanaan, pengesahan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi, namun belum sepenuhnya mencerminkan prinsip anggaran berbasis kinerja. Kesenjangan terjadi pada penentuan target kinerja yang masih bersifat administratif dan belum berorientasi pada outcome seperti penurunan kasus HIV atau pencapaian target 95-95-95. Selain itu, belum optimalnya penggunaan sistem informasi seperti Siscobikes serta belum terintegrasinya hasil evaluasi ke dalam proses perencanaan turut memengaruhi efektivitas alokasi anggaran. Berdasarkan perhitungan kebutuhan anggaran dengan acuan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 6 Tahun 2024 tentang Standar Teknis Pemenuhan SPM Kesehatan, estimasi anggaran untuk menjangkau 38.588 orang sasaran adalah sebesar Rp1.610.068.963,00 namun alokasi yang tersedia masih jauh dari kebutuhan tersebut. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan dalam penyusunan anggaran yang berbasis kinerja, peningkatan kapasitas perencana, serta integrasi antarsektor dalam mendukung perencanaan dan penganggaran yang lebih berorientasi hasil guna mendukung upaya pengendalian HIV dan tercapainya ending AIDS 2030.
This study aims to analyze the implementation of performance-based budgeting policy in achieving the Minimum Service Standards (SPM) of HIV infection at the South Tangerang City Health Office in Fiscal Year 2024. A qualitative approach was used, with data collected through in-depth interviews, document review, and observation. The findings indicate that although the budgeting process follows the planning, approval, implementation, and evaluation cycle, it has not fully reflected the principles of performance-based budgeting. A key gap lies in the determination of performance targets, which remain administrative in nature and are not yet outcome-oriented—such as reducing HIV cases or achieving the 95-95-95 global targets. In addition, the use of integrated information systems like Siscobikes remains suboptimal, and evaluation results have not been effectively incorporated into the planning process, thereby affecting the efficiency of budget allocation. Based on budget needs calculations referring to the Minister of Health Regulation No. 6 of 2024 on Technical Standards for Fulfilling Health SPM, the estimated budget required to reach 38,588 target individuals is Rp1.610.068.963,00; however, the current allocation falls significantly short of that need. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen performance-based budget planning, improve the capacity of planners, and promote cross-sectoral integration to support result-oriented budgeting and planning, in order to enhance HIV control efforts and achieve the 2030 AIDS elimination target.
T-7354
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Hanisa Rizkamilna Fitriadewi; Pembimbing: Puput Oktamianti; Penguji: Ede Surya Darmawan, Masyitoh, Prastuti Soewondo, Indra Rachmad Dharmawan
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Perundungan terhadap peserta didik Program Pendidikan Dokter Spesialis (PPDS) merupakan permasalahan sistemik dalam pendidikan kedokteran di Indonesia yang berdampak pada kesehatan mental peserta didik, kualitas pendidikan klinis, keselamatan pasien, dan mutu pelayanan kesehatan. Sebagai respons terhadap berbagai kasus yang terjadi, Kementerian Kesehatan menerbitkan Instruksi Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 589 Tahun 2025 tentang Pencegahan dan Penanganan Perundungan terhadap Peserta Didik pada Rumah Sakit Pendidikan di Lingkungan Kementerian Kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis implementasi kebijakan tersebut pada Rumah Sakit Pendidikan di lingkungan Kementerian Kesehatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap pembuat kebijakan, pimpinan Rumah Sakit Pendidikan, pengelola Program Pendidikan Dokter Spesialis, dan peserta didik PPDS, serta didukung telaah dokumen kebijakan. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan model implementasi kebijakan Van Meter dan Van Horn yang meliputi standar dan sasaran kebijakan, sumber daya, komunikasi dan aktivitas penegakan, karakteristik agen pelaksana, kondisi ekonomi, sosial, dan politik, serta disposisi pelaksana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Instruksi Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 589 Tahun 2025 telah berjalan melalui pembentukan Tim Pencegahan dan Penanganan Perundungan, penyusunan regulasi internal, serta mekanisme pelaporan dan penanganan kasus, namun implementasinya belum optimal. Standar kebijakan dinilai telah memberikan definisi dan mekanisme yang jelas, tetapi masih menyisakan area abu-abu dalam membedakan pembinaan klinis dengan perundungan. Sasaran kebijakan dipahami tidak hanya untuk melindungi peserta didik, tetapi juga mendukung keselamatan pasien, meskipun target zero bullying dinilai belum realistis. Implementasi juga dipengaruhi oleh keterbatasan sumber daya, belum optimalnya komunikasi dan koordinasi lintas institusi, kompleksitas hubungan antar pelaksana, budaya hierarkis, hidden curriculum, fear of retaliation, serta budaya pendidikan kedokteran. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa implementasi Instruksi Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 589 Tahun 2025 telah memperkuat sistem pencegahan dan penanganan perundungan di Rumah Sakit Pendidikan, namun belum sepenuhnya efektif dalam mengatasi faktor-faktor struktural yang melatarbelakangi perundungan. Penguatan implementasi memerlukan harmonisasi kebijakan lintas sektor, penguatan kelembagaan dan sistem pelaporan, penyusunan pedoman operasional yang lebih spesifik, peningkatan kapasitas pelaksana, penguatan perlindungan peserta didik, serta pengembangan mekanisme deteksi dini dan integrasi indikator budaya anti-perundungan ke dalam sistem monitoring dan akreditasi Rumah Sakit Pendidikan.
Bullying among residents in Specialist Medical Education Programs (Program Pendidikan Dokter Spesialis/PPDS) has become a systemic issue in medical education in Indonesia, adversely affecting residents' mental health, the quality of clinical education, patient safety, and healthcare service quality. In response to a series of reported cases, the Ministry of Health issued Minister of Health Instruction Number 589 of 2025 concerning the Prevention and Management of Bullying against Medical Trainees in Teaching Hospitals under the Ministry of Health. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of this policy in teaching hospitals under the Ministry of Health. This study employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with policymakers, teaching hospital leaders, residency program administrators, and medical residents, complemented by a review of relevant policy documents. Data were analyzed using the Van Meter and Van Horn model for policy implementation, which comprises policy standards and objectives, resources, communication and enforcement activities, characteristics of implementing agencies, economic, social, and political conditions, and implementers' disposition. The findings indicate that the implementation of the Minister of Health Instruction Number 589 of 2025 has progressed through the establishment of Bullying Prevention and Management Teams, the development of institutional regulations, and the implementation of reporting and case management mechanisms. However, implementation has not yet been fully optimal. Although policy standards provide clear definitions and procedures, ambiguities remain in distinguishing legitimate clinical supervision from bullying. Policy objectives are widely understood as extending beyond the protection of residents to include patient safety, although achieving zero bullying is considered unrealistic in the short term. Policy implementation is further constrained by limited resources, suboptimal communication and inter-institutional coordination, complex relationships among implementing actors, hierarchical culture, the hidden curriculum, fear of retaliation, and resistance to cultural change within medical education. This study concludes that the implementation of Ministry of Health instruction No. 589 of 2025 has strengthened the system for preventing and managing bullying in teaching hospitals. However, its implementation has not yet been fully effective in addressing the structural factors underlying bullying. Strengthening policy implementation requires cross-sectoral policy harmonization, institutional strengthening, and improvements to the reporting system; the development of more specific operational guidelines; capacity building for implementers; enhanced protection for medical residents; as well as the development of early detection mechanisms and the integration of anti-bullying culture indicators into the monitoring and accreditation systems of teaching hospitals.
T-7608
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Novrita Indra Tiara Kusuma; Pembimbing: Puput Oktamianti; Penguji: Adang Bachtiar, Ede Surya Darmawan, Anna Kurniati, Leni Kuswandari
Abstrak:
Pelatihan dilakukan dalam upaya meningkatkan mutu tenaga kesehatan. Pelatihan pada dasarnya merupakan proses pembelajaran yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kinerja, profesionalisme, dan/atau menunjang pengembangan karir. Pelatihan bagi tenaga kesehatan dapat diselenggarakan oleh pemerintah, pemerintah daerah, dan/atau masyarakat dengan syarat pelatihan harus terakreditasi dan diselenggarakan oleh institusi penyelenggara pelatihan yang terakreditasi pemerintah pusat. Ketersediaan institusi penyelenggara pelatihan bidang kesehatan terakreditasi pemerintah pusat di Indonesia masih terbatas apabila dibandingkan dengan jumlah tenaga kesehatan yang berhak memperoleh pelatihan berkualitas, oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan akreditasi institusi penyelenggara pelatihan bidang kesehatan dengan mengamati faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap implementasi sebuah kebijakan antara lain faktor ukuran dan tujuan kebijakan, komunikasi, sumber daya, karakteristik badan pelaksana, lingkungan, disposisi pelaksana, serta kinerja kebijakan implementasi tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif menggunakan dua metode pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen di Direktorat Peningkatan Mutu Tenaga Kesehatan dan institusi-institusi penyelenggara pelatihan bidang kesehatan yang telah terakreditasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara umum pencapaian indikator yang menjadi target kinerja kebijakan akreditasi institusi telah tercapai walaupun belum terlihat pemerataannya di seluruh provinsi di Indonesia. Pada beberapa faktor, seperti kejelasan dan pola penyampaian informasi masih perlu dikembangkan upaya lainnya agar informasi dapat jelas dipahami semua pelaksana dengan cara yang efektif dan efisien, khususnya bagi Direktorat Peningkatan Mutu Tenaga Kesehatan. Kemudian pada faktor lingkungan, perlu upaya pendekatan dan koordinasi yang mendalam dan meluas agar kesempatan tenaga kesehatan mengikuti pelatihan terakreditasi yang diselenggarakan institusi penyelenggara pelatihan terakreditasi semakin banyak.
Training is carried out in an effort to improve the quality of health workers. Training is basically a learning process that aims to improve performance, professionalism, and/or support career development. Training for health workers can be organized by government, regional department, or community with the condition that the training must be accredited and held by an accredited health training provider institution. The availability of institutions providing training in the health sector accredited by the central government in Indonesia is still limited when compared to the number of health workers who are entitled to receive quality training. Therefore this study was conducted to analyze the implementation of the accreditation policy for institutions providing training in the health sector by observing factors that contribute to the implementation of a policy include the size and objectives of the policy, communication, resources, characteristics of the implementing agency, environment, disposition of the implementer, as well as the performance of the implementation policy. This research is a qualitative research using two methods of data collection, in-depth interviews and document review at Direktorat Peningkatan Mutu Tenaga Kesehatan and accredited training institutions in the health sector. The results of the study show that in general the achievement of the indicators that are the performance targets for institutional accreditation policies has been achieved, although the distribution has not yet been seen in all provinces in Indonesia. On several factors, such as clarity and patterns of information delivery, other efforts need to be developed so that information can be clearly understood by all implementers in an effective and efficient manner, especially for Direktorat Peningkatan Mutu Tenaga Kesehatan. Then on environmental factors, an in-depth and widespread approach and coordination is needed so that there are more and more opportunities for health workers to take part in accredited training organized by accredited training institutions.
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Training is carried out in an effort to improve the quality of health workers. Training is basically a learning process that aims to improve performance, professionalism, and/or support career development. Training for health workers can be organized by government, regional department, or community with the condition that the training must be accredited and held by an accredited health training provider institution. The availability of institutions providing training in the health sector accredited by the central government in Indonesia is still limited when compared to the number of health workers who are entitled to receive quality training. Therefore this study was conducted to analyze the implementation of the accreditation policy for institutions providing training in the health sector by observing factors that contribute to the implementation of a policy include the size and objectives of the policy, communication, resources, characteristics of the implementing agency, environment, disposition of the implementer, as well as the performance of the implementation policy. This research is a qualitative research using two methods of data collection, in-depth interviews and document review at Direktorat Peningkatan Mutu Tenaga Kesehatan and accredited training institutions in the health sector. The results of the study show that in general the achievement of the indicators that are the performance targets for institutional accreditation policies has been achieved, although the distribution has not yet been seen in all provinces in Indonesia. On several factors, such as clarity and patterns of information delivery, other efforts need to be developed so that information can be clearly understood by all implementers in an effective and efficient manner, especially for Direktorat Peningkatan Mutu Tenaga Kesehatan. Then on environmental factors, an in-depth and widespread approach and coordination is needed so that there are more and more opportunities for health workers to take part in accredited training organized by accredited training institutions.
T-6661
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Maya Masita; Pembimbing: Helen Andriani; Penguji: Adang Bachtiar, Ascobat Gani, Sito Hatmoko, Pitut Aprilia Savitri
Abstrak:
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Tuberkulosis masih menjadi ancaman bagi kesehatan masyarakat. Pelaksanaan program terus dilakukan demi tercapainya Eliminasi Tuberkulosis tahun 2030. Namun demikian indikator program masih belum mencapai target, salah satunya angka tuberkulosis resistensi obat. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 67 Tahun 2016 dan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 67 Tahun 2021 tentang Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis menyebutkan bahwa Strategi Nasional Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis salah satunya dengan pelibatan masyarakat dan komunitas. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan penanggulangan Tuberkulosis di Kabupaten Banyumas dalam pengendalian Tuberkulosis Resisten Obat melalui peran kader dan organisasi kemasyarakatan pegiat tuberkulosis yang ditinjau menggunakan teori implementasi kebijakan Van Meter dan Van Horn (1975). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik kualitatif. Informan ditentukan dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Informan penelitian antara lain kader puskesmas, kader tuberkulosis resisten obat (patient support), penanggung jawab program tuberkulosis puskesmas, koordinator bidang P2PM Dinas Kesehatan dan komunitas Yayasan Mentari Sehat Indonesia (MSI). Data yang dikumpulkan berupa data primer dan data sekunder berupa hasil wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen. Diperoleh hasil penelitian bahwa pada standar dan ukuran kebijakan telah dipahami oleh pelaksana. Pemahaman ini didukung komunikasi yang jelas dan berkelanjutan antara Dinas Kesehatan, puskesmas dan komunitas MSI. Disposisi ditunjukan dengan sikap positif berupa komitmen bersama dan Rencana Aksi Daerah. Kader dan komunitas berkontribusi dalam penemuan kasus, pendampingan pengobatan, edukasi dalam upaya pencegahan, dan dukungan sosial ekonomi serta mengurangi stigma. Implementasi kebijakan program penanggulangan tuberkulosis telah berjalan, namun belum didukung anggaran yang memadai, terbatasnya jumlah kader, kurangnya komitmen antar organisasi perangkat daerah serta masih adanya stigma di masyarakat.
Tuberculosis remains a threat to public health. Program implementation continues in order to achieve Tuberculosis Elimination in 2030. However, the program indicators still have not reached the target, one of which is the rate of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Regulation of the Minister of Health No. 67/2016 and Presidential Regulation No. 67/2021 on Tuberculosis Control states that the National Strategy for Tuberculosis Control includes community involvement. The study aims to analyze the implementation of the Tuberculosis Control Policy in Banyumas Regency in controlling drug-resistant tuberculosis through the role of cadres and community organizations of tuberculosis activists using Van Meter and Van Horn's (1975) policy implementation theory. This research is a qualitative analytic research. Informants were determined using purposive sampling. The research informants included primary health care cadres, drug-resistant tuberculosis cadres (patient support), the person in charge of the primary health care tuberculosis program, the coordinator of the P2PM field of the Health Office and the Mentari Sehat Indonesia Foundation (MSI) community. The data collected were primary data and secondary data in the form of in-depth interviews and document review. The results showed that the policy standards and measures were understood by the implementers. This understanding is supported by clear and continuous communication between the Health Office, primary health care and the MSI community. Disposition is shown by positive attitudes in the form of joint commitments and Regional Action Plans. Cadres and communities contribute to case finding, treatment assistance, education in prevention efforts, and socioeconomic support and reduce stigma. Implementation of the TB control program policy has been running, but has not been supported by an adequate budget, limited number of cadres, lack of commitment among regional apparatus organizations, and the persistence of stigma in the community
T-6861
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nurhasanah; Pembimbing: Dumilah Ayuningtyas; Penguji: Vetty Yulianty Permanasari, Wachyu Sulistiadi, Tiktik Susiati Ikna, Oki Oktavia
Abstrak:
Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Lebak No.17 Tahun 2006 Tentang PenyelenggaraanKetertiban, Kebersihan dan Keindahan adalah bentuk turunan dari Undang-UndangNo.23 Tahun 1992 Tentang Kesehatan. Kabupaten Lebak masih berada di posisitertinggi kedua yang memiliki persentase penduduk umur 10 tahun ke atas dengankebiasaan merokok (29,4%), sehingga untuk menurunkan angka perokok diKabupaten Lebak dengan melaksanakan kebijakan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok. Penelitianini menggunakan Triangulation mix methode, pengumpulan data dilakukan denganpendekatan kualitatif dan kuantatif. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sebagian kecilKawasan Tanpa Rokok patuh terhadap kebijakan (28%), perilaku positif (58%) danpengetahuan tinggi (58%), tidak ada hubungan perilaku dengan pengetahuan (p value= 0,075). Pelaksanaan kebijakan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok belum efektif karena masihadanya gap antara implementasi dan pedoman dalam penggunaan Dana Bagi HasilCukai Hasil Tembakau yang dikeluarkan oleh Kemenkes RI. Pemerintah daerahbelum responsive terhadap kebijakan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok dengan belumditerbitkannya Peraturan Daerah tentang Kawasan Tanpa Rokok, pembentukan timpengawas dan sosialisasi Perda. Rekomendasi yang dapat diajukan adalah penerbitanPeraturan Daerah tentang Kawasan Tanpa Rokok, dan penyamaan persepsi tentangpenggunaan Dana Bagi Hasil Cukai Hasil Tembakau pada penentu kebijakan.Kata Kunci : Kawasan Tanpa Rokok, evaluasi, kebijakan, Kab.Lebak.
Lebak District Regulation No.17 Year 2006 on the Implementation Order,Cleanliness and Beauty is a derivative form of Laws 23 of 1992 About Health. Lebakstill remain the second highest percentage of population aged 10 years and over withsmoking (29.4%), so as to reduce the number of smokers in Lebak to implement theNo Smoking policy. This study uses the Triangulation mix of methods, datacollection is done with qualitative and quantitative approaches. The results of thestudy to get a small portion No Smoking policy-compliant (28%), positive behavior(58%) and high knowledge (58%), there was no connection with the behavior ofknowledge (p value = 0.075). No Smoking policy implementation has not beeneffective because of the persistence of the gap between the implementation and theguidelines in the use of Sharing Fund Tobacco Excise issued by the Ministry ofHealth RI. The local government has not been responsive to the policy of NoSmoking by not issuing the Provincial Regulation on No Smoking, team building andsocialization supervisory regulations. Recommendations that can be raised is thepublication of the Provincial Regulation on No Smoking, and harmonization of theuse of DBH in the Tobacco Excise policy makers.Key Words : No Smoking Area, evaluation, policy, district Lebak
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Lebak District Regulation No.17 Year 2006 on the Implementation Order,Cleanliness and Beauty is a derivative form of Laws 23 of 1992 About Health. Lebakstill remain the second highest percentage of population aged 10 years and over withsmoking (29.4%), so as to reduce the number of smokers in Lebak to implement theNo Smoking policy. This study uses the Triangulation mix of methods, datacollection is done with qualitative and quantitative approaches. The results of thestudy to get a small portion No Smoking policy-compliant (28%), positive behavior(58%) and high knowledge (58%), there was no connection with the behavior ofknowledge (p value = 0.075). No Smoking policy implementation has not beeneffective because of the persistence of the gap between the implementation and theguidelines in the use of Sharing Fund Tobacco Excise issued by the Ministry ofHealth RI. The local government has not been responsive to the policy of NoSmoking by not issuing the Provincial Regulation on No Smoking, team building andsocialization supervisory regulations. Recommendations that can be raised is thepublication of the Provincial Regulation on No Smoking, and harmonization of theuse of DBH in the Tobacco Excise policy makers.Key Words : No Smoking Area, evaluation, policy, district Lebak
T-4729
Depok : FKM-UI, 2016
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Sinta Karolina; Pembimbing: Wachyu Sulistiadi; Penguji: Amal Chalik Sjaaf, Dumilah Ayuningtyas, Wirabrata dan A.W. Praptiwi
Abstrak:
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Dampak resistensi antimikroba yang mencakup aspek kesehatan, ekonomi, dan sosial menunjukkan perlunya perhatian serius terhadap isu ini. Indonesia merespon tantangan tersebut melalui penerapan Rencana Aksi Nasional (RAN) Pengendalian Resistensi Antimikroba Tahun 2020 – 2024 sesuai dengan Permenko PMK Nomor 7 Tahun 2021. Meski demikian, implementasi kebijakan ini kompleks dan mengahadapi berbagai kendala. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan RAN pengendalian resistensi antimikroba di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan analisis kebijakan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan desain studi kasus melibatkan 23 informan dari 8 Kementerian/Lembaga dan 3 asosiasi, melalui telaah dokumen dan wawancara mendalam pada Juni – November 2023. Data dianalisis dengan kerangka tata kelola AMR yang dikembangkan oleh Anderson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aspek desain kebijakan, alat implementasi, monitoring dan evaluasi kebijakan ini belum berjalan baik. Kebijakan Rencana Aksi Nasional (RAN) Pengendalian Resistensi Antimikroba belum efektif dalam meminimalisasi kemunculan dan penyebaran mikroba resisten, memastikan ketersediaan antimikroba yang aman, efektif, bermutu, dan terjangkau, serta penggunaan antimikroba secara bijak dan bertanggung jawab. Penguatan data, regulasi serta kolaborasi lintas sektor melalui perencanaan, koordinasi, serta dukungan anggaran diperlukan untuk keberlanjutan kebijakan ini.
The impact of antimicrobial resistance, encompassing health, economic, and social aspects, underscores the importance of serious attention to this issue. Indonesia has responded to these challenges by implementing The National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance Control Year 2020–2024 by The Regulation of The Coordinating Minister of Human Development and Cultural Affairs of The Republic of Indonesia Number 7 of 2021. Nevertheless, the implementation of this policy is complex and faces various obstacles. This research aims to analyze the implementation of the National Action Plan (RAN) on antimicrobial resistance control in Indonesia. It is a policy analysis using a qualitative approach and a case study design involving 23 informants from 8 Ministries/Agencies and 3 associations. The study utilizes document review and in-depth interviews conducted from June to November 2023. The data were analyzed using the AMR governance framework developed by Anderson. The research findings indicate that aspects such as policy design, implementation tools, and policy monitoring and evaluation have not been effectively executed. The implementation of the National Action Plan for Antimicrobial Resistance Control has not been effective in minimizing the emergence and spread of resistant microbes, ensuring the availability of safe, effective, quality, and affordable antimicrobials, and promoting the judicious and responsible use of antimicrobials. Strengthening data, regulations, and cross-sector collaboration through planning, coordination, and budgetary support is necessary for the sustainability of this policy.
T-6870
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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