Ditemukan 21143 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query :: Simpan CSV
ABSTRAK
Merokok merupakan penyebab dari sejumlah penyakit kronis, selain terbuktimenjadi faktor penyebab berbagai penyakit, juga dikaitkan dengan berbagaiperubahan yang merugikan di dalam rongga mulut. Merokok juga berhubungandengan derajat keparahan karies, meskipun hal ini masih diperdebatkan, dimanaprevalensi karies di Indonesia cukup tinggi yaitu sebesar 43,3% (Riskesdas 2007).Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rokok terhadap keparahan kariesdan apakah keparahan karies dapat digunakan sebagai deteksi awal penyakit kronisakibat merokok. Disain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah cross sectional.Data dianalisis dengan analisis univariat, bivariat dan analisis multivariat dengan ujiregresi logistik. Populasi adalah laki-laki dan perempuan usia 35-65 tahun dariRiskesdas 2007 dengan jumlah sampel 310.858. Hasil penelitian diperoleh prevalensikaries gigi usia 35-65 tahun sebesar 86,6% dan prevalensi keparahan karies gigi padausia 35-65 tahun sebesar 33,6%. Merokok berhubungan dengan keparahan kariessetelah dikontrol variabel lainnya. Hasil uji diagnostik didapatkan derajat keparahankaries (DMF-T) mempunyai kekuatan nilai diagnostik yang lemah terhadap penyakitpenyakitkronis akibat merokok. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut denganmenggunakan data yang lebih spesifik.
ABSTRACT
Smoking is the cause of a number of chronic diseases, in addition to proveninto the causes of various diseases, are also associated with variousadverse changes in the oral cavity. Smoking is also associatedthe degree of severity of caries, although this is still debated, wherecaries prevalence in Indonesia is quite high at 43.3% (Riskesdas 2007).This study aimed to determine the effect of smoking on the severity of cariesand whether the severity of caries can be used as an early detection of chronic diseasedue to smoking. Design used in this study is cross-sectional.Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyzes to testlogistic regression. Population were men and women aged 35-65 years fromRiskesdas 2007 with a sample size of 310 858. The results obtained prevalencedental caries aged 35-65 years of 86.6% and the prevalence of dental caries severity inaged 35-65 years was 33.6%. Smoking is associated with caries severityafter other variables are controlled. Diagnostic test results obtained degrees of severitycaries (DMF-T) has the power of the weak diagnostic value for penyakitpenyakitChronic effects of smoking. Further research needs to be done withusing more specific data.
COVID-19 has infected and caused the deaths of millions of people in the world. And vaccination is expected to reduce the incidence, mortality, and severity of the disease. The objective of this research is to discover the effects of COVID-19 vaccination against severe disease and death of COVID-19. This was a retrospective cohort research that utilized data from the COVID-19 NAR database and the Depok City Health Department KPCPEN Dashboard from Mei 8, 2020 to February 20, 2023, and was analysed using logistic regression. We discovered that the largest age group were patients between ages 31-45 years (26.54%) and the smallest was ≥ 60 years (10.97%). There were more female patients than men (53.36% vs. 46.64%). Only 6.41% of patients were healthcare workers, and more patients were unvaccinated than vaccinated (52.58% vs. 47.42%). Compared to the unvaccinated patients, the vaccinated patients experienced a risk reduction of 45% in period 1, 43.3% in period 2, and 24% in period 3. Vaccinated patients also experienced a risk reduction for mortality of 35% in period 1, 90% in period 2, and 33% in period 3. Therefore, we conclude that COVID-19 vaccination reduces the hospitalization and mortality risks for COVID-19 patients in all 3 periods.
Chronic kidney disease is a serious problem both in the world and in Indonesia. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease sufferers in the world in 2017 reached 9.1% based on population. While in Indonesia in 2013 it was 0.2%. In Central Java in 2013-2018 there was an increase in prevalence of 0.12%. This study aims to determine the risk factors for chronic kidney disease in the elderly in Central Java. The method used in this study is Universitas Indonesia viii nested case control. The data source used in this study is Riskesdas 2018. A total of 67 respondents belong to the case group and 201 respondents belong to the control group. Based on the analysis, it was found that 6% of respondents who suffer from diabetes mellitus, 32.8% hypertension, and 15.3% obesity, have smoking behavior 44.8%, have poor physical activity 31%, have a low level of education 87.3%, and 45.5% female. Diabetes mellitus had a significant relationship with the OR of 3.27 with 95% CI (1.18~9.09). For this reason, it is important to carry out early detection of Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Kidney Disease by adding a urine dipstick test to the PTM Posbindu program. Meanwhile, the elderly who suffer from diabetes mellitus are advised to have a kidney function test at least once a year. In addition, health promotion regarding healthy living needs to be improved again
Penyakit gigi berlubang (caries) merupakan penyakit gigi yang masih banyak ditemukan di masyarakat. Terjadinya penyakit ini disebabkan banyak faktor dimana waktu sikat gigi yang tidak sesuai merupakan faktar resiko untuk terjadinya karies gigi.
WHO menetapkan indeks DMF-T sebagai indeks yang mengukur tingkat keparahan karies dimana kriteria pengukuran dilakukan pada kelompok anak berumur 12 tahun. Adapun target berdasarkan (Dit.Kes.Gi.'2000) bahwa indeks DMF-T sampai tahun 2010 secara Nasional kurang dari 2 dan WHO kurang dari 1
Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode desain potong lintang (crass sectional) di mana tujuannya untuk mengetahui hubungan waktu sikat gigi dengan tingkat keparahan karies. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh murid sekolah dasar kelas 4 dan 5 di kecamatan Tanah Abang Jakarta Pusat dan sampel yang diambil sebanyak 259 orang dengan menggunakan sampling secara sistematik random.
Berdasarkan hasil statistik diperoleh tidak ada hubungan bermakna ( nilai p > 0,05) dan OR sebesar 270 ( 95% CI = 0,9 - 4,3 ). Dianggap perlu untuk melakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan metode kohort.
Daftar bacaan : 55 (1978 - 2002)
Prevalence diabetes is increasing rapidly especially in low and middle- income countries, one of which is Indonesia. Based on Riskesdas in 2018, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus based on the diagnosis of doctors in the population of all ages by province reaches 1,5%. The incidence rate of kidney disease in the diabetic population does not decrease. Some large cross-sectional studies in the world reveal that the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in people with type 2 diabetes even reaches 50%. Duration suffering diabetes is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease that needs to be considered. This study aims to determine the relationship duration suffering from diabetes with chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia. This type of research is quantitative, with cross-sectional study design. This study uses secondary data from the 2018 Riskesdas survey. The number of samples was 639 people, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in this study. The analysis used cox regression The prevalence of chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia is 17.68%. There was a relationship duration suffering diabetes with chronic kidney disease in patient type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia which is statistically significant with p = 0.0000. So, important to screening mass type 2 diabetes mellitus as early as possible and routine screening kidney function since type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnose by a doctor.
