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Introduction: As mass public transportation, the Transjakarta facilities, including bus stops, must be accessible to the public, including people with disabilities. The ITDP research in 2018 explained that many Transjakarta facilities did not conform the accessibility standards, including the slope of the ramp, the availability of guiding blocks, the width of the entrance, free movement space in corridors, running text, and the availability of voice-based information. Methods: The accessibility variables of the bus stop assessment are the size of the space, guiding block, doors, ramps, stairs, as well as signs and markings according to PUPR Ministerial Regulation No. 14 of 2017 and Perhubungan Ministerial Regulation No. PM 98 of 2017. The research was carried out on all 64 Transjakarta disabled-friendly bus stop across 12 corridors throughout the DKI Jakarta area except Kepulauan Seribu Administrative District. Results: Overall, the accessibility fulfillment rate at the disabled-friendly Transjakarta bus stop was 66%, room size accessibility was 89%, guiding block 36%, doors 79%, ramps 71%, stairs 76%, and signs and markings 45%. Conclusion: The fulfillment of accessibility at the disabled-friendly Transjakarta bus stop needs to be improved. Further research on accessibility at Transjakarta bus stops still needs to be developed.
Obesity is a process of abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that can harm a person's health. Obesity can be determined by measuring the body mass index (BMI), which is a person's body weight (in kilograms) divided by the square of their height (in meters). A person with a BMI of 25 or more is categorized as obese according of Asia Pacific obesity classification. Objective of this study was to determine the relationship of obesity to get incidence of disability in the elderly who has diabetes mellitus in Indonesia in 2018. Variables in this study were obesity, disability, age, sex, physical activity, stress, asthma, hypertension and heart disease. This study using secondary data from Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2018 with cross sectional design. The population of this study was the elderly who has diabetes mellitus (ever diagnosed by a doctor and or currently taking DM drugs). The minimum number of samples in this study was 1233 elderly respondents who has diabetes mellitus. This study was analyzed till the multivariate stage used of Logistic Regression. The results of this study found was a significant relationship between obesity to get incidence of disability in elderly who has diabetes mellitus in Indonesia in 2018 with a POR value of 2.509 (95% CI; 1.136 - 5,539). The meaning is, obese for elderly with an age range of 75-90 years have a 2,509 times chance compared to the non-obese elderly with an age range of 60-74 years. Increasing the achievement of program posbindu PTM, so that as early to find risk factors obesity to be prevented immediately.
People with disabilities are a marginalized group in society, so they are often excluded from the environment. This is a serious problem because of the negative view of disability. Not only people with disabilities who get stigma from society but parents who have children with psychosocial disabilities are also affected. Stigmatization makes families physically and mentally depressed so coping strategies are needed in dealing with stress due to stigma. The purpose of this research is to find out in depth the stigma and coping strategies of the family with family members with psychosocial disabilities. This research is qualitative research with a case study approach which was carried out in May – July 2022 at the SATUNAMA foundation with 12 informants including 6 families with psychosocial disabilities, 4 caregivers, 1 person in charge of the program, and 1 community leader. The results showed that the stigma experienced by the family in the form of feeling failed to be a good family, getting unpleasant treatment such as being scorned by relatives and society, and the stigma felt by the family anticipated related to the future of family members who experienced psychosocial disability schizophrenia. Coping strategies are carried out by families in reducing stress due to the stigma of asking for expert opinions, asking for family help, and worshiping. The results of this research recommend that the Office of Social Affairs can develop programs to reduce stigma and facilitate social rehabilitation for persons with psychosocial disabilities.
