Pengujian emas di laboratorium mineral menggunakan bahan-bahan kimia berbahaya bagi kesehatan pekerja baik metode Fire Assay, metode aqua regia dan metode leaching sianida. Sehingga perlu diketahui risk rating dari bahan kimia dan metode pengujian yang dilakukan agar dapat ditentukan langkah-langkah pencegahan dari potensi terpajan dengan bahan kimia dan bahkan terjadinya penyakit akibat kerja. Di Laboratorium Mineral XYZ sudah menjalankan penilaian risiko secara general melalui formulir HIRADC namun belum dilakukan penilaian secara komprehensif dengan metode yang tepat terhadap risiko kesehatan pekerja. Metode CHRA DOSH Malaysia (2018) sangat tepat dipilih dalam melakukan penilian bahaya bahan kimia melalui rute inhalasi dan dermal.  risiko kesehatan pengujian emas dilaboratorium Mineral XYZ   didapatkan bahwa risk rating pajanan inhalasi secara kualitatif dalam pengujian emas dengan metode aqua regia lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan pengujian emas dengan metode fire assay dan metode leaching sianida. metode fire assay memiliki risk rating = 25 (High Risk) metode digestion aqua regia = 9 (Moderate Risk), dan metode leaching sianida = 15 (High Risk). Hal ini sejalan dengan penilaian hazard   setiap bahan kimia yang digunakan pada pengujian emas dengan metode fire assay, metode aqua regia digestion dan metode leaching sianida yang paling tinggi nilai Hazard Rating (HR) pengujian emas dengan metode metode fire assay dengan nilai 5.  Sedangkan penilaian risk rating pajanan dermal di dapatkan nilai 3= H2 (high Risk) terhadap ketiga metode pengujian emas tersebut. Pengendalian bahaya dan risiko kesehatan pengujian emas di Laboratorium mineral XYZ berjalan cukup baik, namun untuk pengujian emas dengan metode aqua regia digestion dan metode leaching sianida diharapkan dapat menjadi prioritas dalam pengendaliannya

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Gold testing in mineral laboratories uses chemicals that are hazardous to workers' health, both the Fire Assay method, the aqua regia method and the cyanide leaching method. So it is necessary to know the risk rating of the chemicals and the testing methods used so that preventive measures can be determined from the potential for exposure to chemicals and even occupational diseases. In the XYZ Mineral Laboratory, a general risk assessment has been carried out through the HIRADC form, but a comprehensive assessment has not been carried out with the right method for worker health risks. The CHRA DOSH Malaysia (2018) method is very appropriate to be chosen in assessing the hazards of chemicals through inhalation and dermal routes. The health risks of gold testing in the XYZ Mineral Laboratory found that the qualitative inhalation exposure risk rating in gold testing with the aqua regia method was lower than gold testing with the fire assay method and the cyanide leaching method. The fire assay method has a risk rating = 25 (High Risk) the aqua regia digestion method = 9 (Moderate Risk), and the cyanide leaching method = 15 (High Risk). This is in line with the hazard assessment of each chemical used in gold testing with the fire assay method, the aqua regia digestion method and the cyanide leaching method which has the highest Hazard Rating (HR) value for gold testing with the fire assay method with a value of 5. While the risk rating assessment of dermal exposure obtained a value of 3 = H2 (high Risk) for the three gold testing methods. Control of hazards and health risks of gold testing at the XYZ Mineral Laboratory is running quite well, but for gold testing with the aqua regia digestion method and the cyanide leaching method, it is expected to be a priority in its control

 

 

 

 

 

Paparan bahan kimia dan agen biologis di laboratorium lingkungan berpotensi menimbulkan risiko kesehatan yang signifikan bagi analis laboratorium. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat risiko kesehatan akibat pajanan bahan kimia melalui rute inhalasi dan dermal, serta paparan terhadap agen biologis (bakteri) yang digunakan di Laboratorium Lingkungan PT X pada tahun 2025. Penilaian risiko dilakukan menggunakan metode Chemical Health Risk Assessment (CHRA) dari DOSH Malaysia untuk bahan kimia, serta metode BIOGAVAL NEO untuk agen biologis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa bahan kimia seperti benzena, formaldehida 37%, asam sulfat dan kalium dikromat memiliki nilai hazard rating dan exposure rating yang tinggi pada kedua rute pajanan tersebut. Sementara itu, paparan agen biologis seperti Escherichia coli dan Salmonella spp. diklasifikasikan ke dalam kelompok risiko 2 berdasarkan klasifikasi WHO. Evaluasi terhadap pengendalian risiko mengungkapkan bahwa meskipun beberapa tindakan telah diterapkan, seperti penggunaan fume hood, masih terdapat praktik kerja yang kurang aman dalam aktivitas yang melibatkan bahan kimia, serta kelemahan dalam penerapan prinsip biosafety dan biosecurity dalam penanganan agen biologis. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peningkatan efektivitas pengendalian yang ada serta penerapan pengendalian tambahan yang lebih spesifik, terarah, dan menyeluruh guna memastikan perlindungan optimal bagi tenaga kerja laboratorium dari risiko kesehatan akibat paparan bahan kimia dan biologis.

Exposure to chemical substances and biological agents in environmental laboratories has the potential to pose significant health risks to laboratory analysts. This study aims to evaluate the level of health risk resulting from chemical exposure via inhalation and dermal routes, as well as exposure to biological agents (bacteria) used in the Environmental Laboratory of PT X in 2025. Risk assessment was conducted using the Chemical Health Risk Assessment (CHRA) method from DOSH Malaysia for chemical agents, and the BIOGAVAL NEO method for biological agents. The results indicate that several chemicals, such as benzene, 37% formaldehyde, sulfuric acid, and potassium dichromate, have high hazard rating and exposure rating through both inhalation and dermal exposure routes. Meanwhile, exposure to biological agents such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. is classified as Risk Group 2 based on WHO classification. Risk control evaluation revealed that although some measures have been implemented—such as the use of fume hoods—unsafe work practices still persist in activities involving chemical handling. Additionally, weaknesses remain in the implementation of biosafety and biosecurity principles in activities involving biological agents. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the effectiveness of existing controls and implement additional, more specific, targeted, and comprehensive control measures to ensure optimal protection for laboratory personnel from health risks due to chemical and biological exposures.

The musical instrument manufacturing industry carries health risks due to the use of chemicals such as solvents and adhesives. Solvents are used in the wood painting process, while adhesives are applied to join wooden parts into a complete instrument. The solvents used include 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, 2-butoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethyl acetate, 4-methylpentan-2-one, acetone, cumene, cyclohexanone, ethyl acetate, ethyl benzene, mesitylene, naphthalene, solvent naphtha (petroleum), n-butyl acetate, toluene, and xylene. The chemical health risk assessment refers to the 2018 DOSH Malaysia Chemical Health Risk Assessment (CHRA) guidelines and uses both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data collection includes chemical identification, observation, interviews, measurement, health risk assessment, evaluation of control adequacy, and determination of action priorities. The results of the study at PT XYZ showed that the risk rating for inhalation exposure ranged from 6 (moderate) to 25 (high), while dermal exposure was categorized as moderate 1, moderate 2, and high 1. All processes were found to have insufficient control measures. Action priority 1 was identified for inhalation exposure during sanding, washcoat, wipping, logo installation, and coloring processes involving cumene. The same priority was also identified for dermal exposure to 2-ethoxyethyl acetate, cumene, and solvent naphtha (petroleum) in those same processes. Action priority 1 indicates that immediate control measures are required.