Menurut hipotesis thrifty phenotype, individu yang memiliki BBL kurang dari 3000 gram berisiko menderita sindrom metabolik dan diabetes mellitus (DM) tipe 2 di masa dewasanya. PTM bertanggung jawab atas 73% kematian di Indonesia serta risiko kematian dini lebih dari 20%. Pada tahun 2023, data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia menunjukkan persentase BBL kurang dari 3000 gram di Indonesia mencapai 35,3% dan pada Kalimantan Selatan 41,7%. Angka ini mengindikasikan adanya peningkatan persentase BBL kurang dari 3000 gram di Kalimantan Selatan jika dibandingkan dengan tahun-tahun sebelumnya. Berdasarkan data Riskesdas 2018 mencatatkan persentase BBL kurang dari 3000 gram di Kalimantan Selatan sebesar 37,5%. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan desain penelitian potong lintang serta menggunakan data sekunder SKI tahun 2023. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan complex samples dan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menemukan adanya hubungan secara signifikan antara BBL dan KEK (p-value = 0,001) dimana ibu dengan riwayat KEK berisiko 5 kali lebih tinggi. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan BBL di Kalimantan Selatan yaitu riwayat KEK sehingga faktor tersebut menjadi penting untuk salah satu pencegahan PTM di Kalimantan Selatan.

According to the thrifty phenotype hypothesis, individuals who have a BW less than 3000 grams are at risk of suffering from metabolic syndrome and type 2 DM in adulthood. NCDs are responsible for 73% of deaths in Indonesia and the risk of premature death is more than 20%. In 2023, the SKI data showed that the percentage of BW less than 3000 grams in Indonesia reached 35.3% and in South Kalimantan 41.7%. This indicates an increase in the percentage of BW less than 3000 grams in South Kalimantan when compared to the 2018 Riskesdas data, the percentage of BW less than 3000 grams in South Kalimantan was 37.5%. This  is a quantitative study using a cross-sectional research design and using secondary data from the SKI 2023. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately with complex samples and chi square tests. The results of the study found a significant association between BW and CED (p-value = 0.001) where mothers with a history of CED had a 5 times higher risk. The conclusion is that the factors associated with BW in South Kalimantan is the history of CED so that this factor becomes important for one of the prevention of NCDs in South Kalimantan.

Hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko kardiovaskular utama yang menyebabkan kecacatan di seluruh dunia dan di antaranya tidak menyadari kondisi kesehatannya sehingga sering disebut sebagai the silent killer. Angka prevalensi hipertensi di Indonesia cukup tinggi. Berdasarkan Riskesdas (2018), Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan menunjukkan prevalensi tertinggi hipertensi, namun presentase penderita hipertensi yang mendapat pelayanan kesehatan masih rendah. Kota Banjarbaru memiliki persentase terendah yakni 11,3% dari target 100%. Pelayanan kesehatan penderita hipertensi termasuk dalam Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM) Bidang Kesehatan yang diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan dan kebijakan pemerintah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan SPM bidang kesehatan penderita hipertensi di Kota Banjarbaru. Penelitian kualitatif dengan desain penelitian Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP) dilakukan pada bulan Mei hingga Juni 2023 di Kota Banjarbaru Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan SPM hipertensi belum optimal dapat dilihat dari laporan capaian SPM bidang kesehatan Kota Banjarbaru berada di posisi terendah di antara 12 jenis pelayanan kesehatan dasar. Kesimpulannya, beberapa kendala dalam implementasi SPM hipertensi yakni pencatatan dan pelaporan penderita hipertensi, rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat untuk melakukan pemeriksaan dan berobat di puskesmas sehingga datanya tidak tercatat, tidak ada alokasi anggaran khusus SPM hipertensi di puskesmas, dan tugas rangkap dari petugas kesehatan sehingga tidak maksimal dalam mencapai suatu program. Diperlukan upaya kerjasama lintas sektor untuk keterpaduan pencatatan dan pelaporan data pasien hipertensi, pengajuan anggaran SPM hipertensi, upaya mengajak masyarakat, dan membagi tugas secara adil bagi petugas puskesmas.

Hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor that causes disability worldwide and many of them are not aware of their health condition, so it is often referred to as the silent killer. The prevalence rate of hypertension in Indonesia is quite high. Based on Riskesdas (2018), South Kalimantan Province shows the highest prevalence of hypertension, but the percentage of hypertensive patients who receive health services is still low. Banjarbaru City has the lowest percentage, namely 11.3% of the 100% target. Health services for people with hypertension are included in the Minimum Service Standards (SPM) in the Health Sector which are regulated in laws and regulations and government policies. The purpose of this study was to analyze the implementation of the SPM policy in the health sector for hypertension sufferers in Banjarbaru City. Qualitative research with the Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP) research design was conducted from May to June 2023 in Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan Province. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, observation and document review. The results of the study showed that the implementation of the SPM policy for hypertension was not optimal, as can be seen from the achievement report on SPM in the health sector in Banjarbaru City which was in the lowest position among the 12 types of basic health services. In conclusion, several obstacles in the implementation of hypertension SPM are recording and reporting of hypertension sufferers, low public awareness to carry out examinations and treatment at the puskesmas so that the data is not recorded, there is no special budget allocation for hypertension SPM at the puskesmas, and multiple assignments from health workers so that they are not optimal in reach a program. Cross-sector collaboration efforts are needed to integrate the recording and reporting of hypertension patient data, hypertension SPM budget submission, efforts to invite the community, and distribute tasks fairly for health center staff.