Ditemukan 14 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query :: Simpan CSV
Satria Kelana Putra; Pembimbing: Fatma Lestari; Penguji: Hendra, Chandra Sunaryo, Juni Trihardiyanto
Abstrak:
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Fasilitas penyimpanan crude oil pada industri hulu minyak dan gas memiliki tingkat potensi bahaya kebakaran dan ledakan yang tinggi karena menyimpan hidrokarbon dalam jumlah besar. Kondisi tersebut menuntut dilakukannya penilaian risiko untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat bahaya, memperkirakan potensi kerugian, serta menentukan prioritas pengendalian yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tingkat risiko kebakaran dan ledakan pada Tangki S-01 di PT X menggunakan metode Dow’s Fire and Explosion Index (F&EI) Edisi ke-7. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan deskriptif semi-kuantitatif melalui pengumpulan data yang meliputi observasi lapangan, wawancara, dokumentasi, serta telaah terhadap dokumen perusahaan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Tangki S-01 memiliki nilai Fire and Explosion Index (F&EI) sebesar 89,04 yang termasuk dalam kategori moderate hazard. Selain itu, estimasi Maximum Probable Days Outage (MPDO) menunjukkan potensi gangguan operasional selama 39 hari apabila terjadi kebakaran atau ledakan, sedangkan estimasi kerugian akibat terhentinya aktivitas bisnis mencapai US$ 3.232.125
Crude oil storage facilities in the upstream oil and gas industry are exposed to a high potential for fire and explosion hazards due to the large volumes of hydrocarbons they contain. This condition necessitates risk assessment to identify hazard levels, estimate potential losses, and establish appropriate risk control priorities. This study aimed to analyze the fire and explosion risk level of Storage Tank S-01 at PT X using the 7th Edition of the Dow’s Fire and Explosion Index (F&EI) method. A descriptive semi-quantitative approach was employed, with data collected through field observations, interviews, documentation, and a review of company documents. The analysis revealed that Storage Tank S-01 obtained a Fire and Explosion Index (F&EI) value of 89.04, classifying it as a moderate hazard. Furthermore, the estimated Maximum Probable Days Outage (MPDO) indicated a potential operational disruption of 39 days in the event of a fire or explosion, while the estimated business interruption loss was US$3,232,125
T-7723
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Tri Kumala Dewi; Pembimbing: L. Meily Kurniawidjaja; Penguji: Fatma Lestari, Haris W. Ranuamihardjo
S-6530
Depok : FKM-UI, 2011
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Andhika happy Chandraditya; Pembimbing: L. Meily Kurniawidjaja; Penguji: Dadan Erwadni, Ike Pujriani
Abstrak:
Penelitian ini menilai konsekuensi pelepasan bahan kimia dari tangki penyimpanan Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) bertekanan pada PT. LMI. Penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Simulasi pelepasan bahan kimia menggunakan piranti lunak ALOHA (Areal Locations of Hazardous Athmospheres) berdasarkan data primer dan sekunder pada operasi normal. ALOHA memberikan hasil dalam berbagai jangkauan jarak dispersi, kebakaran dan ledakan. Setiap jangkauan jarak diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga kategori: merah, oranye dan kuning berdasarkan tingkat keparahan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan sekolah, klinik medis, pabrik, dan rumah-rumah di sekitar PT. LMI menjadi populasi berisiko tinggi terkena dampak pelepasan bahan kimia dari tangki penyimpanan LPG.
This study assess the consequences of the chemical release from the pressurized Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) storage tank at PT. LMI. This study is kuantitative. Simulation of release using ALOHA (Areal Locations of Hazardous Athmospheres) software based on primary and secondary datas on the normal operation. ALOHA give result in a distance range of dispersion, fire and explosion. Each distance range is classified into three categories: red, orange and yellow based on the level of severity. These study's result is indicate that schools, medical clinic, factories, and homes around PT. LMI being the high-risk population affected by the release of chemicals from the LPG storage tank.
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This study assess the consequences of the chemical release from the pressurized Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) storage tank at PT. LMI. This study is kuantitative. Simulation of release using ALOHA (Areal Locations of Hazardous Athmospheres) software based on primary and secondary datas on the normal operation. ALOHA give result in a distance range of dispersion, fire and explosion. Each distance range is classified into three categories: red, orange and yellow based on the level of severity. These study's result is indicate that schools, medical clinic, factories, and homes around PT. LMI being the high-risk population affected by the release of chemicals from the LPG storage tank.
S-7721
Depok : FKM-UI, 2013
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Abdurrohman; Pembimbing: Fatma Lestari; Penguji: Laksita Ri Hastiti, Kasmadi, Alfajri Ismail
Abstrak:
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Industri petrokimia, merupakan sektor dengan tingkat risiko tinggi terhadap bahaya kebakaran dan ledakan akibat keterlibatan bahan mudah terbakar, bahan beracun, serta kondisi operasi pada suhu dan tekanan tinggi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif semi-kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasikan area berbahaya pada proses produksi berdasarkan standar API RP 500 serta menentukan tingkat risiko kebakaran dan ledakan dalam proses produksi gas amonia menggunakan metode DF&EI. Pendekatan metodologis yang digunakan meliputi identifikasi bahan kimia berbahaya, penilaian tingkat bahaya menggunakan metode DF&EI, analisis estimasi kerugian dan radius paparan, serta kajian tingkat dispersi gas amonia dan ledakan proses yang dihasilkan selama proses produksi menggunakan software ALOHA. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Plant 1A memiliki indeks DF&EI pada kategori parah (severe), radius paparan 223,78m, dan actual MPPD 154 miliar pada unit ammonia converter dan ringan (light), radius paparan 45,78, dan actual MPPD 47 miliar pada unit reaktor urea. Klasifikasi area berbahaya mengindikasikan keberadaan zona klasifikasi kelas I, divisi 2 di beberapa titik proses produksi yang berdekatan dengan sumber pelepasan uap amonia dan gas alam. Skenario terburuk menunjukan adanya dampak kerugian yang luas akibat ledakan dari unit ammonia converter sejauh 269m menyebabkan kerusakan kaca bangunan dan sebaran gas ammonia sejauh 10km pada reaktor urea menyebabkan ganguan pernapasan.
The petrochemical industry is a high-risk sector for fire and explosion hazards due to the involvement of flammable and toxic substances, as well as operating conditions at high temperatures and pressures. This study is a semi-quantitative descriptive research aimed at classifying hazardous areas in the production process based on the API RP 500 standard and determining the level of fire and explosion risk in the ammonia gas production process using the Dow’s Fire and Explosion Index (DF&EI) method. The methodological approach includes the identification of hazardous chemicals, hazard level assessment using DF&EI, analysis of loss estimation and exposure radius, and assessment of ammonia gas dispersion and process explosion using the ALOHA software. The analysis results show that Plant 1A has a DF&EI index categorized as severe, with an exposure radius of 223.78 meters and an actual MPPD of IDR 154 billion in the ammonia converter unit, and categorized as light, with an exposure radius of 45.78 meters and an actual MPPD of IDR 47 billion in the urea reactor unit. The hazardous area classification indicates the presence of Class I, Division 2 classified zones in several parts of the production process close to the ammonia vapor and natural gas release sources. The worst-case scenario shows a significant impact due to an explosion from the ammonia converter unit with a blast radius of up to 269 meters causing window glass breakage, and ammonia gas dispersion from the urea reactor spreading up to 10 kilometers, potentially causing respiratory issues.
The petrochemical industry is a high-risk sector for fire and explosion hazards due to the involvement of flammable and toxic substances, as well as operating conditions at high temperatures and pressures. This study is a semi-quantitative descriptive research aimed at classifying hazardous areas in the production process based on the API RP 500 standard and determining the level of fire and explosion risk in the ammonia gas production process using the Dow’s Fire and Explosion Index (DF&EI) method. The methodological approach includes the identification of hazardous chemicals, hazard level assessment using DF&EI, analysis of loss estimation and exposure radius, and assessment of ammonia gas dispersion and process explosion using the ALOHA software. The analysis results show that Plant 1A has a DF&EI index categorized as severe, with an exposure radius of 223.78 meters and an actual MPPD of IDR 154 billion in the ammonia converter unit, and categorized as light, with an exposure radius of 45.78 meters and an actual MPPD of IDR 47 billion in the urea reactor unit. The hazardous area classification indicates the presence of Class I, Division 2 classified zones in several parts of the production process close to the ammonia vapor and natural gas release sources. The worst-case scenario shows a significant impact due to an explosion from the ammonia converter unit with a blast radius of up to 269 meters causing window glass breakage, and ammonia gas dispersion from the urea reactor spreading up to 10 kilometers, potentially causing respiratory issues.
T-7421
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Risris Risdianto; Pembimbing: Fatma Lestari; Penguji: Indri Hapsari Susilowati, ZulkifliDjunaidi, Haryanto, Agung Kuswardono
Abstrak:
Sebagai fasilitas umum SPBG berlokasi di area yang padat penduduk dan padat aktivitas, oleh karena itu kegagalan SPBG akan memberikan konsekuensi yang cukup besar bagi operator, pelanggan dan masyarakat di sekitar SPBG. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain deskriptif dan analitik metode kuantitatif untuk mengetahui tingkat risiko individu dan sosial hasil perhitungan frekuensi menggunakan event tree analysis dan konsekuensi menggunakan piranti lunak ALOHA. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan data primer hasil pengukuran dan wawancara serta data sekunder dari literatur dan perusahaan. Penelitian ini menjelaskan tahapan analisa risiko kebakaran dan ledakan di SPBG serta rekomendasi pengendalian risiko kebakaranan ledakan di SPBG berdasarkan hasil analisa risiko tersebut.
Kata kunci: Kajian Risiko Kuantitatif, Kebakaran, Ledakan, SPBG, CNG.
As a general facility CNG Station is located in a densely populated and dense activity area, therefore CNG Station failure will have considerable consequences for operators, customers and communities around SPBG. This research is conducted using descriptive and quantitative analytic method to calculate the level of individual and social risk which resulted by frequency calculation using event tree analysis and consequence using ALOHA software. The data used in this study using primary data by field measurement and interviews as well as secondary data from the literature and company. This research explains the steps of fire and explosion risk analysis in CNG Station and followed by some recommendation to control fire and explosion risk in CNG Station based on risk analysis.
Key words: Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA), Fire, Explosion, CNG, Fuel
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Kata kunci: Kajian Risiko Kuantitatif, Kebakaran, Ledakan, SPBG, CNG.
As a general facility CNG Station is located in a densely populated and dense activity area, therefore CNG Station failure will have considerable consequences for operators, customers and communities around SPBG. This research is conducted using descriptive and quantitative analytic method to calculate the level of individual and social risk which resulted by frequency calculation using event tree analysis and consequence using ALOHA software. The data used in this study using primary data by field measurement and interviews as well as secondary data from the literature and company. This research explains the steps of fire and explosion risk analysis in CNG Station and followed by some recommendation to control fire and explosion risk in CNG Station based on risk analysis.
Key words: Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA), Fire, Explosion, CNG, Fuel
T-4876
Depok : FKM UI, 2017
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Sigit Wijayanto; Pembimbing: Dadan Erwandi; Penguji: Fatma Lestari, Muhiddin, Maruli C. Tampubolon
Abstrak:
Pengangkutan bahan bakar minyak dengan menggunakan truk tangkimemiliki konsekuensi terhadap insiden kebakaran dan ledakan. Penelitian inimerupakan pemodelan kuantitatif dengan input sekunder yang diaplikasikandalam perangkat lunak ALOHA (Areal Location of Hazardous Atmosphere) padasalah satu jenis hidrokarbon yang menjadi komponen Premium, yaitu Pentana.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jangkauan konsekuensi daridampak dispersi gas, kebakaran, dan ledakan akibat kebocoran tangki padaaktivitas pengangkutan bahan bakar minyak dengan menggunakan truk tangki diSurabaya dan Jakarta. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan jangkauan dankonsekuensi dispersi gas, kebakaran, dan ledakan untuk tiga zona berdasarkanlevel of concern dari setiap skenario yang berisiko terhadap keselamatan umum,keselamatan pekerja, keselamatan lingkungan, dan keselamatan peralatan/instalasi.Kata Kunci : Dispersi gas, kebakaran, ledakan, Pentana, pool fire, BLEVE, VCE
The transportation of fuel using the tank trucks haved consequences to thefires and explosions incident. This study is a quantitative modeling with input thesecondary data which applied in ALOHA (Areal Location of HazardousAtmosphere) software on one type of hydrocarbon that become Premiumcomponents, namely Pentane. The aims of this study was to determine theconsequences impact range of gas dispersion, fire and explosion due to tankleakage on fuel transportation using the tank truck in Surabaya and Jakarta. Theresults showed that the range and consequences of gas dispersion, fire, andexplosion for the three zones based on the level of concern of each scenario givedrisks to public safety, worker safety, environmental safety, andequipment/installation safety.Keywords: Gas dispersion, fire, explosion, Pentane, pool fire, BLEVE, VCE
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The transportation of fuel using the tank trucks haved consequences to thefires and explosions incident. This study is a quantitative modeling with input thesecondary data which applied in ALOHA (Areal Location of HazardousAtmosphere) software on one type of hydrocarbon that become Premiumcomponents, namely Pentane. The aims of this study was to determine theconsequences impact range of gas dispersion, fire and explosion due to tankleakage on fuel transportation using the tank truck in Surabaya and Jakarta. Theresults showed that the range and consequences of gas dispersion, fire, andexplosion for the three zones based on the level of concern of each scenario givedrisks to public safety, worker safety, environmental safety, andequipment/installation safety.Keywords: Gas dispersion, fire, explosion, Pentane, pool fire, BLEVE, VCE
T-4149
Depok : FKM-UI, 2014
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ike Pujiriani; Pembimbing: Fatma Lestari; Penguji: Dadan Erwandi, Yulianto S. Nugroho, ALfajri Ismail
Abstrak:
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Tesis ini pertama membahas dispersi gas, kebakaran dan ledakan akibat kebocoran tangki propana dan butana serta tabung LPG 3 kg. Bersifat kuantitatif. Disarankan pemilik tangki/penyalur LPG mengestimasikan jarak aman; membuat rencana tanggap darurat; mempersiapkan deteksi dini kebocoran dan maintenance. Pemerintah disarankan lebih teliti memberikan izin mendirikan tangki; melakukan pengawasan operasi tangki penyimpanan, terutama yang berlokasi di sekitar pemukiman penduduk.Kedua, keselamatan penyalur LPG 3 kg di Depok. Bersifat deskriptif. Disarankan penyalur LPG melakukan perbaikan secara bertahap, terutama pelatihan petugas; pemasangan lampu gas proof, alarm keadaan darurat dan gas detector; pembuatan OKD; penyediaan kotak P3K. Pemerintah disarankan mengawasi dan memfasilitasi kebutuhan penyalur.
ABSTRACT
This thesis firstly discuss the gas dispersion, fires, explosions caused by the propane and butane tank and LPG cylinder 3 kg leakage. Quantitatively. Tank owners/LPG distributors are suggested to estimate safe distance; create ERP; prepare for early leakage detection and maintenance. The Government are suggested more thoroughly give set-up tank permission; supervise storage tank operations, especially those located around settlements. Secondly, the safety of LPG 3 kg?sdistributor in Depok. Descriptively. Distributors are suggested to do improvements, especially training; gas proof lamps, emergency alarm and gas detector; emergency organization-making; first aid boxesprovision. The government are advised to oversees and facilitates the distributors?s needs;This thesis firstly discuss the gas dispersion, fires, explosions caused by the propane and butane tank and LPG cylinder 3 kg leakage. Quantitatively. Tank owners/LPG distributors are suggested to estimate safe distance; create ERP; prepare for early leakage detection and maintenance. The Government are suggested more thoroughly give set-up tank permission; supervise storage tank operations, especially those located around settlements. Secondly, the safety of LPG 3 kg?sdistributor in Depok. Descriptively. Distributors are suggested to do improvements, especially training; gas proof lamps, emergency alarm and gas detector; emergency organization-making; first aid boxesprovision. The government are advised to oversees and facilitates the distributors?s needs, This thesis firstly discuss the gas dispersion, fires, explosions caused by the propane and butane tank and LPG cylinder 3 kg leakage. Quantitatively. Tank owners/LPG distributors are suggested to estimate safe distance; create ERP; prepare for early leakage detection and maintenance. The Government are suggested more thoroughly give set-up tank permission; supervise storage tank operations, especially those located around settlements. Secondly, the safety of LPG 3 kg’sdistributor in Depok. Descriptively. Distributors are suggested to do improvements, especially training; gas proof lamps, emergency alarm and gas detector; emergency organization-making; first aid boxesprovision. The government are advised to oversees and facilitates the distributors’s needs]
T-3514
Depok : FKM-UI, 2012
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Andralisa Febriani; Pembimbing: Fatma Lestari; Penguji: Dadan Erwandi, Hendra, Daris Hendarko ; Triani Wulandari
Abstrak:
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Industri minyak dan gas bumi memiliki risiko tinggi terjadinya kerugian akibat kebakaran. Terdapat beberapa insiden kebakaran dan ledakan pada industri minyak yang melibatkan kebakaran pada tangki yang menampung minyak mentah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai tingkat risiko kebakaran dan ledakan pada tangki T-32 pada fasilitas pengumpul minyak mentah Perusahaan A. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah melakukan analisis frekuensi terjadinya kebakaran dan ledakan dengan event tree analysis serta melakukan pemodelan konsekuensi kebakaran dan ledakan dengan software ALOHA. Setelah melakukan analisis frekuensi dan pemodelan konsekuensi, dilakukan perhitungan individual risk dan societal risk. Berdasarkan hasil pemodelan konsekuensi, Pelepasan radiasi panas dengan dampak terburuk yaitu 35 kW/m2 dapat megakibatkan kematian dengan rate 100% apabila terpajan kepada manusia. Nilai konsekuensi terburuk ini ada pada jarak 84 meter yaitu skenario tangki pecah (ukuran lubang lebih dari 250 mm) dengan kecepatan angin 20 m/s. Tidak ada tekanan yang dihasilkan dari skenario ledakan dengan dampak terburuk (7,25 psi). Nilai konsekuensi adanya tekanan 0,5 psi dalam skenario ledakan memiliki jarak terjauh yaitu 382 meter yaitu skenario tangki pecah (ukuran lubang lebih dari 250 mm) dengan kecepatan angin 1 m/s. Hasil perhitungan total individual risk dalam kejadian kebakaran pada tangki T- 32 adalah sebesar 2,44 x 10-8 dan hasil perhitungan total societal risk dalam kejadian kebakaran pada tangki T-32 adalah sebesar 4,15 x 10-7. Hasil penilaian risiko kebakaran tangki T-32 pada fasilitas tangki pengumpul minyak Perusahaan A menunjukkan bahwa risiko individu dan social masih berada dalam kategori risiko yang dapat diterima menurut kriteria penilaian risiko. Meskipun risiko dari kejadian kebakaran masih dalam batas yang dapat diterima, upaya pengendalian risiko masih perlu dilakukan agar risiko masih berada dalam batas toleransi yang dapat diterima.
Oil and gas industry has a high risk of losses due to fire. There have been several fire and explosion incidents in the oil industry involving fires in tanks containing crude oil. The objective of this research is to assess fire and explosion risk of tank T-32 at Company A's tank farm facility. The research method used is to analyze the frequency of fires and explosions using event tree analysis and modeling the consequences of fires and explosions with ALOHA software. After defining frequency and consequence model, individual risk and societal risk calculations are carried out. Based on the results of consequence modeling, the release of heat radiation with the worst impact, namely 35 kW/m2, can result in death at a rate of 100% if exposed to humans. The worst consequence value is at a distance of 84 meters from the tank rupture scenario (hole size more than 250 mm) with a wind speed of 20 m/s. No overpressure is generated from the worst-case explosion scenario (7.25 psi). The consequence value of 0.5 psi pressure in the explosion scenario has the furthest distance of 382 meters from the tank rupture scenario (hole size more than 250 mm) with a wind speed of 1 m/s. The results of calculating the total individual risk in the event of a fire in the T-32 tank are 2,44 x 10-8 and the results of calculating the total societal risk in the event of a fire in the T-32 tank are 4,15 x 10-7. The results of the T-32 tank fire risk assessment at Company A's tank farm facility show that individual and social risks are still within the acceptable risk category according to the risk assessment criteria. Even though the risk of a fire incident is still within acceptable limits, risk control efforts still need to be performed so that the risk remains within acceptable tolerance limits
T-7070
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Sekarsari Kartika Putri; Pembimbing: Fatma Lestari; Penguji: Dadan Erwandi, Hery Sutanto, Gerry Aditya Herwanto Putra
Abstrak:
Tesis ini membahas mengenai faktor risiko serta dampak kebakaran maupun ledakan yang dapat terjadi dari pengoperasian Boiler di Industri Makanan PT.X. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian semi kuantitatif menggunakan metode perhitungan Dows Fire and Explosion Index serta perangkat lunak ALOHA versi 5.4.7 yang superimposisi dengan MARPLOT. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan nilai 111,62 dengan klasifikasi tingkat risiko bahaya kebakaran ledakan Boiler dalam kategori Intermediate. Populasi terdampak kebakaran dan ledakan Boiler sebanyak 615 orang dengan estimasi nilai kerugian sebesar Rp. 879.872.821.670. PT. X dapat mengurangi nilai kerugian dan mencegah terjadinya kebakaran serta ledakan melalui penyediaan sarana proteksi kebakaran baik aktif maupun pasif yang memadai, updating prosedur tanggap darurat, simulasi, pelatihan personil serta upgrading sistem Boiler menjadi Automatic Boiler.
The focus of this thesis discuses about risk factors and the impact of fires and explosions that can occur from the operation of boilers in the PT X Food Industry. This research is a semi quantitative research using Dows Fire and Explosion Index calculation method and the ALOHA software version 5.4.7 which is superimposed with MARPLOT. The results of the study obtained a value of 111,62 with the classification of the risk level of Boiler fire and explosion hazard in the Intermediate category. The population affected by the fire and explosion was 615 workers with an estimated loss Rp. 879.872.821.672. PT. X can reduce the value of losses and prevent fires and explosions through the provision of adequate active and passive fire protection facilities, updating emergency response prosedures, simulatin, personnel training and upgrading the Boiler System to Automatic Boiler
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The focus of this thesis discuses about risk factors and the impact of fires and explosions that can occur from the operation of boilers in the PT X Food Industry. This research is a semi quantitative research using Dows Fire and Explosion Index calculation method and the ALOHA software version 5.4.7 which is superimposed with MARPLOT. The results of the study obtained a value of 111,62 with the classification of the risk level of Boiler fire and explosion hazard in the Intermediate category. The population affected by the fire and explosion was 615 workers with an estimated loss Rp. 879.872.821.672. PT. X can reduce the value of losses and prevent fires and explosions through the provision of adequate active and passive fire protection facilities, updating emergency response prosedures, simulatin, personnel training and upgrading the Boiler System to Automatic Boiler
T-6320
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Febrina Yolanda; Pembimbing: Indri Hapsari Susilowati; Penguji: Stevan Deby Anbiya Muhamad Sunarno, Aulia Akbar, Angga Andhika
Abstrak:
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Pertalite dan B40 merupakan produk minyak yang diidentifikasi sebagai cairan yang dapat menyala lalu memicu kilatan api (flash fire) atau ledakan. PT XYZ, sebuah perusahaan distribusi, menggunakan jalur maritim dan kapal tanker untuk mendistribusikan produk BBM ini. Salah satu jenis kapal tanker yang digunakan adalah Self Propelled Oil Barge (SPOB) dan Oil Barge (OB). Risiko tinggi bahaya kebakaran dan ledakan pada kapal tanker berasal dari produk minyak yang tergolong extremely flammable liquid. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pemodelan kuantitatif yang menggunakan data sekunder perusahaan, studi literatur, serta wawancara pekerja. Data tersebut kemudian dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak Areal Locations Of Hazardous Atmosphere (ALOHA) berdasarkan skenario terburuk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis konsekuensi kebakaran dan ledakan dari kebocoran tangki berupa jangkauan radiasi termal dari skenario kebakaran pool fire dan overpressure threat zone atau blast area dari skenario ledakan vapor cloud explosion. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsekuensi kebakaran dan ledakan pada kapal pengangkut bahan bakar dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh jenis bahan bakar, luas puddle area, serta karakteristik penguapan bahan mudah terbakar. Pemodelan menggunakan perangkat lunak ALOHA pada skenario pool fire menunjukkan bahwa surrogate Pertalite (Isooctane) menghasilkan intensitas kebakaran dan jangkauan radiasi termal yang lebih besar dibandingkan surrogate HSD B40 (N-Dodecane) pada kedua kapal. Pada SPOB, jangkauan Radiasi Termal Pool fire mencapai 145 meter pada yellow zone, sedangkan pada OB. mencapai 228 meter sebagai jarak konsekuensi terbesar dari seluruh skenario. Sementara itu, skenario Vapor Cloud Explosion (VCE) hanya terjadi pada surrogate Pertalite karena konsentrasi uap N-Dodecane tidak mampu mencapai Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) di area perairan terbuka. Hasil pemodelan VCE menunjukkan bahwa overpressure maksimum tidak mencapai tingkat destruktif struktural (>8 psi), namun masih berpotensi menyebabkan cedera serius hingga jarak 98 meter dan pecahnya kaca hingga 114 meter pada OB. Secara keseluruhan, OB menghasilkan threat zone lebih besar dibandingkan SPOB akibat puddle area yang lebih luas. Dengan demikian, yellow zone pool fire OB sebesar 228 meter direkomendasikan sebagai acuan minimum safety buffer zone dalam operasi bongkar muat bahan bakar di area perairan. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi perusahaan untuk memperhitungkan konsekuensi kebakaran dan ledakan ini, mempertahankan sistem keselamatan kebakaran dan tanggap darurat yang sudah ada, serta melakukan sosialisasi mengenai konsekuensi kebakaran dan ledakan kepada pekerja, masyarakat, serta pihak dermaga.
The results of this study indicate that the consequences of fire and explosion on fuel transport vessels are significantly influenced by the type of fuel, puddle area, and evaporation characteristics of flammable substances. Modeling using the ALOHA software in pool fire scenarios demonstrated that the Pertalite surrogate (Isooctane) produced higher fire intensity and wider thermal radiation threat zones compared to the HSD B40 surrogate (N-Dodecane) on both vessels. On SPOB, the thermal radiation distance from the pool fire scenario reached 145 meters in the yellow zone, while on OB it reached 228 meters, representing the largest consequence distance among all modeled scenarios. Meanwhile, the vapor cloud explosion (VCE) scenario only occurred for the Pertalite surrogate because the vapor concentration of N-Dodecane was unable to reach the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) under open-water conditions. The VCE modeling results showed that the maximum overpressure did not reach the destructive structural level (>8 psi); however, it still had the potential to cause serious injuries up to 98 meters and glass breakage up to 114 meters on OB. Overall, OB consistently produced larger threat zones than SPOB due to its larger puddle area. Therefore, the 228-meter yellow zone from the pool fire scenario on OB is recommended as the minimum safety buffer zone reference for fuel loading and unloading operations in marine areas.
T-7659
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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