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Kata kunci : Ergonomi, REBA, Keluhan MSDs, Pekerja Cleaning Service
The purpose of this study was to determine the risk of cleaning service withMSDs in Faculty of Public Health Universitas Indonesia.This was an observational study with cross sectional approach study. Thepopulation amounting to 38 people. The level of ergonomics risk related to the bodyposture, weight, duration and frequency using REBA tool, and the level of MSDscomplaints that is felt by workers per part of the body using Nordic Body Mapquestionnaire.The highest ergonomics risk analysis results using the method of REBA according tothe stages are setting up the equipment, cleaning closets, scrubbing floors, cuttinggrass and planting. Nordic Body Map Questionnaire results about MSDs complaintswere many who complained on the right shoulder (39%), right calf (39%) leftshoulder (34%), left calf (32%) and waist (24%) . Distribution of MSDs based on agemostly occur on workers aged >25, based on sex mostly occur on male workers,based on working experience mostly occur on workers which has been worked for >1years, based on smoking habit mostly occur in smoker, based on Body Mass Index(BMI) mostly occur in worker with normal BMI, and workers who exposed by thevibration, 67 % having MSDs complaint.
Keywords : Ergonomics, REBA, MSDs complaints, cleaning service
Postur janggal saat bekerja dapat menimbulkan keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Pada wawancara awal di departemen produksi didapatkan hampir semua pekerja mengeluh pegal dan nyeri pada anggota tubuhnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan postur kerja dan keluhan MSDs pada pekerja konveksi di departemen produksi PT. Z Batam. Penelitian ini mengunakan desain cross sectional dan metode penilaian untuk postur tubuh pekerja dengan REBA (rapid entire body assessment). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat risiko MSDs pada tingkat menengah yang artinya perlu investigasi lebih lanjut dan perubahan. Dan 84 persen pekerja mengeluh mengalami keluhan MSDs yang dinilai dengan nordic body map. Penulis menyarankan agar desain kerja lebih diperhatikan dan disesuaikan dengan pekerja, memberikan pemahaman melalui pelatihan kerja tentang risiko ergonomi dan tata-tata cara bekerja yang sesuai dengan prinsip ergonomi, Pekerja sebaiknya melakukan peregangan otot agar otot bisa berelaksasi.
Awkward postures while working can cause complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Almost all of the workers interviewed, at the production department convection complained of stiffness and pain in the limbs. The purpose of this study is to explain the working postures and MSDs, affecting workers at the production section of PT Z Batam. This study uses crosssectional design and posture assessment for workers, using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method. The finding showed that the risk of MSDs occurred at the secondary level, which means the need for further investigation and changes to be made. And 84 percent of the workers who complained of pains related to MSDs were assessed with nordic body map. The author suggested that more attention and design work are tailored to the workers, through job training an understanding of risk governance ergonomics and work procedures in accordance with the principles of ergonomics.Workers should also perform muscle stretching in order to recharge.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui risiko ergonomi pekerjaan tenun ulos yang dilakukan dan hubungannya dengan keluhan MSDs pada pekerjaan tenun ulos di Kelurahan Martimbang dan Kelurahan Kebun Sayur Kota Pematang Siantar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 42 orang pekerja tenun ulos. Tingkat risiko ergonomi per bagian tubuh terkait postur, beban, durasi dan frekuensi menggunakan REBA serta tingkat keluhan MSDs per bagian tubuh yang dirasakan oleh pekerja menggunakan kuesioner Nordic Body Map. Hasil analisis risiko ergonomi dengan metode REBA terhadap tahapan pekerjaan tenun ulos memiliki tingkat risiko ergonomi paling tinggi pada tahap menarik kayu. Hasil kuesioner Nordic Body Map, paling banyak merasakan keluhan MSDs pada pinggang belakang (79%), bahu kanan (71%), bahu kiri (62%), pantat (62%), lengan atas kanan (50%) dan betis kanan (50%). Distribusi keluhan MSDs berdasarkan umur paling banyak pada pekerja umur 30 s/d 45 tahun, berdasarkan jenis kelamin paling banyak pada perempuan, berdasarkan masa kerja paling banyak pada pekerja dengan masa kerja lebih dari 10 tahun dan berdasarkan kebiasaan olah raga paling banyak pada pekerja yang tidak terbiasa berolah raga.
The pupose of this study was to determine the risk of weaver ulos who carried out the work ergonomics and its relationship with symptons of MSDs in Martimbang and Kebusn Sayur Village Pematang Siantar City. This was an observational study. The population amounting to 42 people. The level of ergonomics risk related to the body posture, weight, duration and frequency using REBA tool, and the level of MSDs complaints that is felt by workers per part of the body using Nordic Body Map questionnaire. Ergonomics risk analysis results using the method of REBA according to the stages of weaving ulos that pull timber is the highest one. Nordic Body Map Questionnaire results about MSDs complaints were many who complained on the waist (79%), right shoulder (71%), left shoulder (62%), bottom (62%), right upper arm (50%) and right calf (50%). Distribution of MSDs based on age mostly occur on workers aged 30 until 45 years, based on sex mostly occur on female workers, based on working experience mostly occur on workers which has been worked for more than 10 years and based on sport habit mostly occur on workers whish have no habit of working out sports.
Job activities stone artisans in the production process has ergonomic hazard thatcould have risk the occurence of Muskuloskeletal Disorders (MSDs) associatedwith awkward posture with long-duration, repetitive movements and routineactivity. The study was conducted on the working process of stone artisans inDuta Alam, South Jakarta in 2014 to assess the level of ergonomic risk basedmethods Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and Musculoskeletal Disorders(MSDs) using Nordic Body Map. From the results on the occupational risk levelsobtained medium risk 6 work activities and high risk 8 work activities of 14processes the work activities. The results of the questionnaire and nordic bodymap is known complaint MSDs that be perceived stone artisans to low back andupper back (92.9%). The complaints is stifness, painful, tingling, and spasms. Inaddition to ergonomic risk, other factors also found that complaints aggravateMSDs risk factors consists of individual characteristic consisting of age, length ofservice, hours worked, body mass index, smoking habit, and physical activities.Most of the work activities have a high level of ergonomic risk that requiredimmediate corrective action design of the workplace. In addition, suggested ofregulating working and rest time efficient for crafters.Keywords : Complaints MSD; REBA; Risk Level Ergonomics; Stone Artisans
Technological development can help improve the effectiveness and productivity.However, these developments could have a negative impact if it is not inaccordance with the characteristics and capabilities of workers. One suchdiscrepancy is due to the risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). This studyassesses posture on workers in industrial centers PATRIA bag in 2013 working ina sitting position with the number of respondents 2013. Another factor is relatedto postir duration, frequency and workload was assessed using RULA. Thisassessment was completed with using the QEC to get a risk index score on thebody. This study also present the individual characteristics such as age, gender,years, body mass index, smoking and exercise behaviors that contribute to theoccurrence of MSDs. This assessment also assessed MSDs complaints using aquestionnaire NBM. This study is a descriptive observational cross-sectionalstudy design. the results of this study showed a very high risk of MSDs in thewhole process of bag making and agenda that is cutting, pasting, sewing andfinishing. Most complaints are on the upper neck (60%), right shoulder, back, andwaist (50%). for it, necessary control measures with improved ergonomic designand administrative work such as restrictions on hours of work, work ergonomicsextension method involving local business owners and health centers as well asactively involving workers ringkat to reduce the risk of MSDs and complaints.Keywords :workload, duration, frequency, ergonomic risk factors, individual characteristics,complaints MSDs, NBM, posture, RULA and QEC
