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Malpractice in healthcare, eventhough was widely used and spoken in daily life,formally no clear and pricise definition has been made. Even from the point of view oflaw and healthcare expert, the utilisation of malpractice in healthcare term is stilldebatted. This tesis condutcs literatures review and experts interview in order to findout and determine the definition of malpractice in healthcare. This tesis also tries tofind the criteria, kinds, causes, evidence to be used in malpractice suits, and forumselection in settling malpractice disputes in helathcare. This tesis provides input that inprinciple the legal relation in providing medical service shall be seen as contractualrelation. (xiv + 107)Bibliography: 124.Key words: malpractice, medical, healthcare, private law, law of obligation, conractlaw.
Obesitas merupakan salah satu tantangan utama dalam kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat, terutama pada kelompok usia produktif di wilayah perkotaan. Kondisi ini berdampak pada penurunan kualitas hidup, peningkatan risiko penyakit tidak menular (PTM), serta beban ekonomi terhadap sistem kesehatan nasional. Jepang berhasil menurunkan prevalensi obesitas melalui kebijakan Metabo Law, yaitu program skrining tahunan dan intervensi gaya hidup berbasis risiko metabolik yang terintegrasi dalam sistem asuransi nasional.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemungkinan adopsi kebijakan Metabo Law ke dalam sistem kebijakan kesehatan Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif menggunakan desain studi kebijakan, yang didukung oleh kerangka teori Policy Cycle (pada tahap adopsi kebijakan) dan Diffusion of Innovation. Data diperoleh melalui studi dokumen dan wawancara mendalam dengan informan dari sektor akademik, pembuat kebijakan, dan praktisi klinis.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan pengendalian obesitas di Indonesia masih bersifat terfragmentasi dan belum terintegrasi dalam sistem skrining kesehatan nasional secara berkelanjutan. Di sisi lain, kebijakan di Jepang terbukti efektif berkat dukungan regulasi, pendanaan, serta komitmen multisektoral yang kuat. Potensi adopsi kebijakan serupa di Indonesia cukup besar, khususnya dalam konteks reformasi sistem kesehatan, bonus demografi, dan meningkatnya kesadaran terhadap pentingnya deteksi dini. Namun, implementasi kebijakan ini memerlukan penyesuaian terhadap konteks lokal, penguatan kapasitas kelembagaan, serta dukungan politik dan lintas sektor.
Kesimpulannya, kebijakan skrining tahunan berbasis risiko metabolik seperti Metabo Law memiliki potensi sebagai strategi nasional pengendalian obesitas di Indonesia. Rekomendasi yang dihasilkan mencakup integrasi skrining ke dalam kebijakan nasional, penguatan peran pemerintah daerah, serta pengembangan pendekatan edukatif dan regulatif yang berkelanjutan, selaras dengan visi Indonesia Emas 2045.
Law and ethics are two norms that live side by side in a society, which regulatehuman behavior in decision making. In nursing care, especially nurse working ina hospital, all decision making must be made based on law and ethics. Thisresearch begins with the concept and development of caring, the relation in nursecaring, between nurse and the patient, medical doctors, co-workers, other healthcare professionals, and the hospital where the nurse works, based on competency,autonomy and authority. This is a qualitative research using secondary data,equipped with necessary interview with relevant informant. The research provesthat competency, autonomy, and authority, which finally arisen professionalliability (accountability) for nurse, are the sources from all ethical aspects thatmust be applied by the nurse in doing her care, in all kind of relation, eitherbetween nurse and the patient, medical doctors, co-workers, other health careprofessionals, or the hospital where the nurse works. Non-compliance to theethics will arise legal responsibility to the nurse, either criminal liability or civilaccountability. This research suggests that the draft of the Nursing Law shall bepromulgated soon. (xv + 128).Bibliography: 185Key words: Nurse, ethics, law, nursing care, liability
Kata Kunci: Disiplin kedokteran, disiplin, hukum, MKDKI, faktor, dokter, pasien,perkonsil, KKI
This thesis aimed to analyze the process of and identify the factors related to thehandling of medical complaint cases by the Indonesia Medical Displinary Board(MKDKI). Qualitative research method was implied using indepth interview toIMDB members, Complainants and Doctors. 87 cases from January 1 2012 to January1, 2014 were also studied. The most contributing factor was the human resourcesnamely the MKDKI members and the admin officer. It is expected the findings to beused as input for MKDKI to improve the Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) inhandling the medical complaint cases, which to include better management ofMKDKI members and the admin officer.
Keywords: medical, discipline, board, ethic, factor, doctor, patient, law,discipline board, medical council, KKI, MKDKI.
