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Pembatalan operasi elektif di RSUP Dokter Kariadi, sebesar 6,49% di atas angka standar tahun 2012 ( ≤ 5% ). Pembatalan operasi elektif dapat menyebabkan ketidakpuasan pasien, peningkatan biaya, lama rawat pasien di rumah sakit, dan mencerminkan inefisiensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pembatalan operasi elektif. Sebanyak 6,8 % operasi elektif dibatalkan karena alasan medis 106 (46,1%) dan non medis 124 (53,9%). Pembatalan operasi berhubungan dengan kondisi pasien, hasil laboratorium tidak normal, dan kesiapan operator. Sehingga disarankan untuk dikembangkan klinik pra bedah.
Cancellation of elective surgery at Doctors Hospital Kariadi, amounting to 6.49% is still above the standard ( ≤ 5% ). Cancellation of elective surgery could lead to patient dissatisfaction, increased costs, length of stay and reflects the inefficiency. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the cancellation of elective surgery. 6.8 % elective operations were canceled due to medical reasons (46.1%) and non-medical (53.9%). Cancellation of operations related to the patient's condition, abnormal laboratory results, and operator. It is suggested to develop pre ? surgery clinic.
Kata kunci: Infeksi daerah operasi, operasi sesar, peningkatan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan
Surgical site infection (SSI) is a major cause increased medical costs, increased length of stay and extended recovery time for women who had a cesarean section. The incidence of SSI in developing countries is higher than in developed countries. Mothers who had done cesarean section surgery have a chance up to 20 times higher of developing morbidity of infection compared to vaginal birth. Therefore this study aims to identify the incidence and risk factors of SSI postoperative cesarean also the relationship with improving the quality of health services. The research question was answered with a literature review research and results were summarized narratively. A literature search using databases from ProQuest, PubMed, BJOG, Science Direct, Springer Link andGaruda RISTEKBRIN between 2010 and 2020. The literature on risk of surgical site infection after cesarean surgery was discussed. In total, 43 studies were included in this review. Risk factor for surgical site infection (SSI) after cesarean section identified in this study were maternal age, ASA score ≥ 3, anaemia, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, smoking, tobacco use, residence, number of vaginal examinations > 3, premature rupture of membranes, prolonged labor, gestational age, indications of cesarean section (previous cesarean section, parity, arrest of labor), chorioamnionitis, length of pre and postoperative hospital stay, prophylactic antibiotics, prolonged duration of surgery, emergency surgery, blood transfusion, wound class ≥ 3, vertical or midline abdominal incision, skin closure technique, anesthetic technique and type of surgeon. Based on the risk factors of SSI after cesarean section that has been identified, several efforts can be made by hospitals to improve the quality of cesarean section services.
Key words: Cesarean section, surgical site infection, quality improvement of health service
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kejadian bed block sebanyak 38,9 % dan tidak terjadi bedblock 61,1%. Persetujuan operasi diperoleh dalam waktu ≥ 1 jam dari 17 responden (31,5%) dan persetujuan operasi yang diperoleh dalam waktu < 1 jam sebanyak 37 responden (68,5%). Alat dan sarana didapatkan tidak lengkap 5,6% dan lengkap 94,4%. Waktu tunggu tindakan operasi yang ≥ 5 jam dikategorikan delay sebanyak 33,3%, waktu tunggu tindakan operasi yang < 5 jam dikategorikan tidak delay sebanyak 66,7%.
Analisis bivariat dengan Chi Square menunjukkan pvalue 0,000 untuk hubungan antara bed block dengan keterlambatan operasi, p-value 0,000 untuk hubungan antara persetujuan operasi dengan keterlambatan operasi, p-value 0,012 hubungan alat dan sarana dengan keterlambatan operasi. Faktor yang paling berpengaruh adalah persetujuan operasi dengan p-value 0,005 dengan regresi logistik.
Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara bed block, persetujuan operasi serta alat dan sarana terhadap keterlambatan operasi. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan pedoman dalam penyusunan strategi peningkatan kualitas pelayanan pembedahan di Instalasi Rawat Darurat.
Key words: bed block, sumber daya manusia, persetujuan operasi, alat dan sarana operasi, keterlambatan tindakan operasi
Surgery is part of medical services that summarized the hospital performance. Increased hospital visits, unavailability of tools, unavailability of human resources, and times consumed to get patient agreement for surgery may causing delay to operation. This is mix method study, quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative study is observational analytic, cross sectional. This study includes 54 respondents in quantitative study and 7 informants in qualitative study.
The result showed bed block events is 38,9 %. Agreement following informed consent is obtained in ≥ 1 hour for 17 respondents (31,5%) and < 1 hour for 37 respondents (68,5%). Tools and equipment are complete and available in 94,4% cases and incomplete in 5,6% cases. Time consumed waiting for operation is categorized delay if ≥ 5 hours in 33,3% cases, categorized not delay if < 5 hours in 66,7%.
Bivariate analysis using Chi Square showed p-value 0,000 for correlation between bed block and delay to operation, p-value 0,000 for correlation between time consumed to obtain agreement for surgery, p-value 0,012 for correlation between tools and equipment with delay to operation. The most influencing factor is operation agreement with pvalue 0,005 using logistic regression.
From this study, we conclude there is significant correlation between bed block, time consumed for obtain operation agreement, tools and equipment availability with delay to operation. This result is a base in making strategy to improve quality of surgery services in emergency department.
Key words: bed block, human resources, operation agreement, tools and equipment, delay to operation
