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Obesity is a process of abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that can harm a person's health. Obesity can be determined by measuring the body mass index (BMI), which is a person's body weight (in kilograms) divided by the square of their height (in meters). A person with a BMI of 25 or more is categorized as obese according of Asia Pacific obesity classification. Objective of this study was to determine the relationship of obesity to get incidence of disability in the elderly who has diabetes mellitus in Indonesia in 2018. Variables in this study were obesity, disability, age, sex, physical activity, stress, asthma, hypertension and heart disease. This study using secondary data from Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2018 with cross sectional design. The population of this study was the elderly who has diabetes mellitus (ever diagnosed by a doctor and or currently taking DM drugs). The minimum number of samples in this study was 1233 elderly respondents who has diabetes mellitus. This study was analyzed till the multivariate stage used of Logistic Regression. The results of this study found was a significant relationship between obesity to get incidence of disability in elderly who has diabetes mellitus in Indonesia in 2018 with a POR value of 2.509 (95% CI; 1.136 - 5,539). The meaning is, obese for elderly with an age range of 75-90 years have a 2,509 times chance compared to the non-obese elderly with an age range of 60-74 years. Increasing the achievement of program posbindu PTM, so that as early to find risk factors obesity to be prevented immediately.
Prelacteal is anything other breastmilk that given to infants before breastfeeding in the first 3 days of life which can cause failure of exclusive breastfeeding and may increased risk of infection and malnutrition which then will impact on stunting. One in two babies who have been breastfed in Indonesia have been given prelacteal. This study aims to determine the determinants of prelacteal feeding behavior in infants on the island of Sumatra. This study uses data from the 2017 IDHS with a cross sectional study design. The sample of this study was mothers who had babies aged 0-23 months with the inclusion criteria with a sum of 1,224 respondents. The results showed that there were 54.4% of mothers who gave prelacteal. From correlations analysis it was found that maternal age, parity, IMD, and type of delivery were associated with prelacteal feeding to infants (p-value < 0.05). The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that IMD as the dominant factor that causes prelacteal feeding (OR: 6.06) where mothers who are late in giving IMD are 6 times more likely to giving prelacteal to infants after being controlled by weight. birth, ANC, type of delivery, maternal age, parity, and birth attendants.
ABSTRAK
Tesis ini membahas implementasi kebijakan larangan merokok pada kantor Kementerian Kesehatan. Pemerintah telah menerbitkan beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan terkait pengendalian dampak rokok, salah satunya Undangundang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan. Hingga kini implementasi kebijakan-kebijakan tersebut belum memperlihatkan hasil yang signifikan. Prevalensi perokok dari tahun ke tahun terus bertambah. Dilingkungan kantor Kementerian Kesehatan sendiri kebijakan larangan merokok belum dilaksanakan secara optimal. Desain penelitian ini adalah kualitatif eksplanatoris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa titik lemah pelaksanaan kebijakan larangan merokok di lingkungan Kementerian Kesehatan adalah kurangnya penegakkan hukum. Sangat disarankan kepada pihak berwenang untuk segera membuat pedoman pelaksanaan kebijakan larangan merokok di Kementerian Kesehatan. Kata kunci : Rokok, hukum, kebijakan
ABSTRACT
This thesis discusses the implementation of policies banning smoking on the health ministries. Government has issued several laws and regulations related to controlling the impact of smoking, one of which the law number 36 of 2009 on health. Until now the implementation of these policies have not shown significant results. Prevalence of smokers from year to year continues to grow. Environment of their own health ministries have implemented a smoking ban policy optimally. This research design is qualitative explanatory. Results showed that the weak points of policies banning smoking in an office environment the ministry of health is the lack of law enforcement. Highly recommended to the authorities to immediately create policy guidelines for the implementation of smoking bans in the Ministry of Health. Keywords : Cigarette, laws, regulations
ABSTRAK Penurunan Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) hingga mencapai 102 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup di tahun 2015 sulit dicapai. Peningkatan penolong persalinan oleh tenaga kesehatan merupakan upaya pendekatan untuk mencapai target tersebut. Chen et al menyatakan densitas tenaga kesehatan per 1000 penduduk kurang dari 2,5 akan sulit mencapai persentase persalinan oleh tenaga kesehatan lebih dari 80%. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara densitas bidan dan persentase persalinan oleh bidan di Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, dan Banten. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional menggunakan data gabungan Susenas 2010 dan Potensi Desa 2011 dengan unit analisis 107 kabupaten/kota. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ukuran yang paling baik dalam menjelaskan hubungan antara densitas bidan dan persentase persalinan oleh bidan adalah jumlah bidan per 10.000 penduduk dibandingkan jumlah bidan per luas wilayah dan persentase desa memiliki bidan. Peningkatan jumlah bidan per 10.000 penduduk dapat meningkatkan persentase persalinan oleh bidan sebesar 4,1% setelah dikontrol oleh densitas dokter dan provinsi, dengan R2 0,38. Sedangkan peningkatan jumlah bidan per 10.000 penduduk dapat meningkatkan persentase persalinan oleh bidan pada kuintil pengeluaran rendah sebesar 6,0% setelah dikontrol oleh densitas dokter, dengan R2 0,11.<><> ABSTRACT Decreasing Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) up to 102 per 100000 live births in 2015 is difficult to achieve. An approaching effort to achieve these targets is by increasing skilled birth attendant. Chen et al declared the density of health workers per 1000 population less than 2.5, will be difficult to reach the percentage of skilled birth attendant more than 80%. This study is aimed to determine the relationship between density of midwives and percentage of births by midwives in West Java, Central Java, East Java, and Banten. This research used secondary data from Susenas 2010 and Podes 2011, with cross-sectional study design. Unit of analysis covers 107 districts / cities. The results showed that number of midwives per 10,000 population describes the relationship between density of midwives and percentage of births by midwives better than number of midwives per area and percentage of village which has midwives. The increasing number of midwives per 10,000 population can increase the percentage of births by midwives by 4.1% after controlling the density of doctors and province (R2 0.38). While increasing number of midwives per 10,000 population can increase the percentage of births by midwives at lower quintiles by 6.0% after being controlled by the density of physicians (R2 0.11).
