Hasil investigasi beberapa kasus kecelakaan kapal di perusahaan pelayaran PT. X dan laporan Kementerian Perhubungan Republik Indonesia dalam 4 (empat) tahun terakhir menyimpulkan bahwa penyebab utama kasus tabrakan kapal disebabkan faktor manusia dan teknis. Beberapa teori kecelakaan menjelaskan faktor manusia dan psikologi kerja menjadi penyebab dominan pemicu terjadinya kasus kecelakaan, seperti teori stres Occupational stress Cooper, Occupational stress WHO Cooper dan Davidson serta teori kecelakaan kapal Kristiansen, Svein. Penelitian ini bersifat noneksperimental terhadap beberapa faktor penyebab stres kerja dengan mengumpulkan data secara observasi dan membagikan lembar kuesioner. Data dievaluasi dan dianalisis menggunakan teknik univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Faktor personal diuji dan ditentukan faktor yang paling berpengaruh. Dari permodelan binary logistic diperoleh hasil faktor keahlian menjadi penyebab utama stres kerja awak kapal tunda dan tongkang minyak mentah di perusahaan pelayaran PT. X. Faktor keahlian dimaksud adalah keahlian pribadi awak kapal dalam memahami aspek keselamatan operasi kapal, melakukan olah gerak kapal, menginterpretasi sistem navigasi, menangani pekerjaan kritis harian, kemampuan interaksi sosial secara eksternal ataupun internal kapal. Untuk menjamin dan meningkatkan keahlian awak kapal, disarankan kepada PT. X untuk membentuk tim seleksi dan evaluasi awak kapal mulai dari proses rekruitmen, penempatan, hingga keseharian operasi, menyusun program pelatihan keahlian secara reguler, melakukan pelatihan keadaaan darurat yang lebih bervariasi, serta pengenalan karakteristik dan penanganan bahan-bahan berbahaya yang ada di atas kapal secara lebih mendalam kepada awak kapal. Kata kunci: Stres kerja, awak kapal,  faktor personal, kapal tunda dan tongkang minyak mentah, binary logistic.

 The investigation results of several ship collision accident cases in the shipping company PT. X or datas release from Ministry of Transportation Republic Indonesia within last 4 (four) year concluded that the main case of ship collision was caused by human and technical factors. Several of accidental theories explains that the human and psychology factors is most predominant trigger an accident cases, as described by Occupational stress Cooper theory, Occupational stress and Davidson and Cooper WHO, and ship collision Kristiansen, Svein theory. Non-experimental study of several factors caused workstress is performed by collecting observational and questionnaires datas. Datas are evaluated and analyzed further using univariate, bivariate and multivariate techniques. Personal factors variable which cause workstress is determined to obtain the most influential factor. Resulting from binary logistic modeling shows that expertise factor become the leading factor causes workstress of tugs and crude oil barges crew in shipping company PT. X. Intended of expertise factor on crew means to understanding all aspects in safely operation manner while they are works in the ships, manouvering, interpret the navigation system, carried out daily critical jobs, internal and externally social interaction skills. To ensure and enhance the expertise of the crew, it is suggested to PT. X to perform a selection and evaluation team procedure at the beginning of crew recruitment, placement, day to day operations, develop their skills by set up training program on a regular basis, performed varied of emergency drills, and in depth introduction on handling safely of hazardous materials available on board. Key words: Workstress, crew, personal factors, tug boat and crude oil barges, binary logistic

ABSTRAK

Awak kapal feri mempunyai karakteristik kerja yang unik, jadwal kerja 24 jamterus menerus di kapal dengan libur hanya 3 hari sebulan, terpajan risiko kondisilingkungan kerja yang dapat menjadi penyebab timbulnya stres kerja. Stres kerjaawak kapal jika tidak ditanggulangi akan berpengaruh terhadap kesehatannya sertakeselamatan kapal dan penumpang. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperolehgambaran faktor pekerjaan (job content-job context), yang berhubungan denganstres kerja pada awak kapal feri non perwira di pelabuhan Telaga Punggur.Metode yang digunakan adalah Cross Sectional Descriptive Research, pengukurandata menggunakan kuesioner, analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat.Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan 35 % responden mengalami stres kerja dan 65 %tidak mengalami stres kerja. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan faktor yangmempunyai hubungan bermakna dengan stres kerja adalah kondisi lingkungankerja, dimana awak kapal yang mempunyai persepsi bahwa kondisi lingkungankerja di kapal berbahaya mempunyai peluang lebih besar mengalami stres kerjadibanding awak kapal yang menganggap lingkungan kerja di kapal tidakberbahaya.

ABSTRACT

The ferry's crew has a unique job characteristics, 24 hours work schedulecontinuously on the ship with only three days off a month, being exposed to the riskof working environment conditions that can cause an incidence of work stress.Work stress of the crew will have an effect on their health and also to the safety ofthe ship and its passengers. The purpose of the research was to gain an overview ofwork factors (job content-job context) related to work stress on the ferry crew inThe Telaga Punggur Port 2013. The method used is Cross Sectional DescriptiveResearch, measurement data using questionnaires, analysis of the data done byunivariate and bivariat. Research results obtained 35% of ferry crew experienced astressful job and 65% are not subjected to the stress of work. Results of statisticaltests indicate factor that have a meaningful relationship with work stress is acondition of the work environment, where the crew had the perception that theenvironmental conditions of work on board is harmfull has a chance of greaterstress than crew who consider the work environment on board is not harmfull.