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The high burden of pulmonary tuberculosis disease still becomes public healthproblem in the world especially Indonesia. However, risk factors in termenvironmental aspects are not getting much attention yet. It is indicated by lackingof healthy housing existence. This study aims to determine the effect of healthyhousing status on incidence of pulmonary TB in Banten Province. This study is asecondary data analysis of BHS 2010 using cross-sectional design on 7.536household members aged 15 years old above. The result showed prevalence ofpulmonary TB in Banten is 1,3% (95% CI: 1,0-1,5). Multivariate analysis foundan interaction between healthy housing status by economic status, those peoplewho have unhealthy housing at low economic status 2,152 times more likely tosuffer from pulmonary TB than people who have healthy housing.Key words: Banten, prevalence, healthy housing, pulmonary tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is still a problem for public health. One of the populations most atrisk are prisoners. This study aimed to determine the risk factors in the incidenceof TB in prisons. The data used is primary data taken in December 2013 toFebruary 2014. Analysis of the data using Chi Square, Chi Square and MantelHaenzel for bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression for. There was asignificant association between the presence of a person with TB disease in thedetention room (p value <0.0001), length of detention (p value = 0.008), and theuse of antiretrovirals (p value = 0.039). The results showed that the presence ofpeople with TB in the room is the most risk factors on the incidence of TB inprison (OR = 13.009). Striving for improvement and modification systemisolation room environment, as well as increased health care with routine checkson suspected tuberculosis prevention efforts can be used as TB transmission inprison. Required to provoke up to launch prevention efforts because of measurestaken related to prison security system.Keywords: tuberculosis, prison.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HVI) is still a global public health problem, where by the end of 2020 it is estimated that there are around 37.7 million people in the world living with HIV. In Indonesia until March 2021, there were 427,201 people with HIV of which 89.7% occurred in the fertile age (15-49 years). The Province of Jakarta became the province with the highest number of people with the HIV, which was 71,473 people. The high level of discriminatory behavior towards people with HIV has an impact on the reluctance to do HIV tests and seek treatment and tends to hide their disease status. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinants of discriminatory behavior toward people with HIV in Jakarta Province. This study used a cross-sectional study design with a sample of 1,354 respondents, male and female aged 15-49 years, had heard of HIV, and domiciled in Jakarta Province. The multivariate logistic regression was applied to determine the determinants of discriminatory behavior. The results of this study indicate that the discriminatory behavior against people with HIV in Jakarta Province is 30.3%. Based on the multivariate logistic regression model, the younger age, lower educational level, un-exposed to mass media, and lack of comprehensive knowledge are variables significantly related to discriminatory behavior towards people with HIV (p-value less than 0.10). Age is the most related variable, age 15-24 years have a risk of 1.58 (95% CI = 1.12 - 2.16) to discriminate against towards people with HIV compared to age 35-49 years after being controlled by education, exposure to information sources, and comprehensive knowledge. It recommended that intensify the dissemination of information on HIV/AIDS, especially related to the transmission of HIV/AIDS, by strengthening the collaboration of various parties to increase knowledge and reach of society in DKI Jakarta Province.
Breastfeeding is an easy way to reduce morbidity and mortality in infants and childrens. The delay in giving the first breast milk can be caused by the chosen method of birth such as vaginal or cesarean delivery. This study was conducted in a cross sectional and quantitative approach using the 2017 IDHS data to determine the relationship between cesarean delivery and Early Breastfeeding Initiation (EBFI) in DKI Jakarta Province. The sample used was women of childbearing age 15-49 years during the survey in DKI Jakarta Province who had their last child born in the last 2 years as many as 236 respondents. Univariate, bivariate statistical analysis was performed using chi-square (95% CI) and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression tests. The results of the analysis showed that mothers who gave birth by cesarean had 0.52 times [95% CI 0.27-1.01] times lower risk of having an EBFI than mothers who gave birth vaginally. Multivariate analysis in this study showed that mothers who delivered by cesarean had 0.54 times lower risk [95% CI 0.18-1.61] of having an EBFI compared to mothers who gave birth vaginally after controlled by variables such as education level, age, and economic status. It is concluded that policy making and providing interventions on how to implement and the importance of early breastfeeding initiation need to be carried out on mothers who have low levels of education, age under 35 years, low economic status, and who plan to give birth by cesarean delivery method.
ABSTRAK Nama : Yolanda Handayani Program Studi : Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Peminatan Biostatistik Judul : Stunting pada Anak Usia di Bawah 2 Tahun di 3 Provinsi Sulawesi Tahun 2017 dengan Pendekatan Spasial Pembimbing : Dr. Martya Rahmaniati, S.Si., M.Si Pendahuluan: Seribu hari pertama kehidupan merupakan momentum kritis yang akan menentukan kualitas generasi masa depan suatu bangsa. Hal ini karena perlunya gizi terbaik berupa asupan gizi selama kehamilan, serta ASI dan makanan yang tepat sesuai umur untuk perkembangan otak anak. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional. Analisis penelitian ini yaitu analisis prediksi menggunakan regresi logistik dan analisis spasial menggunakan GWR. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 2.232 individu dan 25 kabupaten/kota di Sulawesi Tengah, Sulawesi Tenggara dan Sulawesi Barat. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan variabel suplementasi besi folat ibu, suplementasi vitamin A baduta usia 7-23 bulan, menyusui bayi usia 0-6 bulan dan pemberian MP–ASI baduta usia 7-23 bulan membentuk model prediksi. Model lokal spasial dibentuk oleh ibu hamil yang tidak suplementasi besi folat, baduta usia 7-23 bulan yang tidak mendapatkan MP–ASI, bayi usia 0-6 bulan yang tidak ASI Eksklusif dan bayi yang tidak mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan, serta variabel persalinan tidak dibantu tenaga kesehatan menjadi model global spasial. Kesimpulan: Ibu hamil yang tidak suplementasi besi folat, baduta usia 7-23 bulan yang tidak mendapatkan MP–ASI, bayi usia 0-6 bulan yang tidak ASI Eksklusif dan bayi yang tidak mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan akan memicu 58% kejadian stunting di 3 Provinsi Sulawesi, di mana variabel ibu hamil yang tidak mendapatkan suplementasi besi folat berhubungan secara statistik di 8 kabupaten/kota Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan intervensi tambahan berupa suplementasi besi folat ibu hamil selain intervensi persalinan dibantu tenaga kesehatan di 8 kabupaten/kota Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Kata kunci: stunting, spasial, GWR
ABSTRACT Name : Yolanda Handayani Study Program : Public Health Sciences Biostatistics Specialization Title : Stunting in Child Under 2 Years of Age in 3 Sulawesi Province in 2017 with A Spatial Approach Counsellor : Dr. Martya Rahmaniati, S.Si., M.Si Background: The first thousand days of life is a critical momentum that will determine the quality of future generations of a nation. This is due to the need for the best nutrition for children in the form of nutritional intake during pregnancy and breast milk foods that are age-appropriate for the child's brain development. Method: This study uses a quantitative approach using a cross sectional study design. The analysis of this study is prediction analysis using logistic regression and spatial analysis using GWR. The sample in this study are 2,232 individuals and 25 districts in Central Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi and West Sulawesi. Results: The results showed variable maternal folate supplementation, supplementation of vitamin A baduta aged 7-23 months, breastfeeding infants aged 0-6 months and give complementary food baduta aged 7-23 months making predictive models. The spatial local model is made by pregnant women who are not iron folate supplementation, those aged 7-23 months who do not get complementary food, infants aged 0-6 months who are not exclusive breastfeeding and babies who are not health care, and labor-dependent variables are not supported health becomes a global spatial model. Conclusion: Pregnant women who are not iron folate supplementation, those aged 7-23 months who do not get complementary food, infants aged 0-6 months who are not exclusive breastfeeding and babies who do not receive health services will trigger 58% of the incidence of stunting in 3 Sulawesi provinces, in where the variable of pregnant women who did not receive iron folate supplementation was statistically related in 8 districts of Central Sulawesi Province. Therefore, additional intervention is needed in the form of iron folate supplementation for pregnant women in addition to labor interventions assisted by health workers in 8 districts of Central Sulawesi Province. Keywords: stunting, spasial, GWR
