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This study aims to describe the physician availability, drugs availability, healthfacilities, physician understanding as a gatekeeper, physician understanding ofcapitation, and medical diagnosis in referral case from primary health care ofAskes Sosial participants at Puskesmas Sumbersari Bantul in 2012. This studyuses descriptive qualitative research design. The result indicates that the limiteddrugs and health facilities, physician lack of understanding about gatekeeper andcapitation, and number of patients with chronic disease, causing high referralcases. The researcher suggests improving the physician decision to reduce referralcase that is not based on medical indication and also improving the coordinationbetween PT Askes, Dinas Kesehatan, and primary health care to provide thedemand of drugs and health facilities in primary health care.Key words:Referral case, referral from primary health care, primary health care as agatekeeper, capitation
Kata kunci: Utilisasi, Angka Rujukan, Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional.
This study discusses the overview of outpatient utilization and referrals based on thecharacteristics of National Health Insurance (JKN) participants in Puskesmas TabananIII and Puskesmas Pupuan I from January until March 2016. This is a quantitativeresearch with cross sectional study design. Based on this research, it is known that thenumber of outpatient visits (9,32%) and referral rates (9,67%) in Tabanan III PHC(urban area) was higher than the number of visits (5,04%) and referral rates (3,81%)in Pupuan I PHC (rural area). It can be caused by the Puskesmas Tabanan III is moreaccessible than Puskesmas Pupuan I.
Keywords: Utilization, Referral Rate, National Health Insurance.
Faktor paling dominan yang mempengaruhi RJTP adalah ketersediaan SDM (OR=16.369). Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin (p=0.001), jenis kepesertaan (p=0.000), diagnosa medis (p=0.000), keikutsertaan prolanis (p=0.000), lama bergabung prolanis (p=0.000), kekatifan kegiatan aktivitas klub (p=0.003), keaktifan kegiatan edukasi (p=0.015), jenis FKTP pengelola (p=0.000), ketersediaan SDM (p=0.000), ketersediaan sarana prasarana (p=0.005), ketersediaan alat medis dan obat (p=0.000), dan lingkup pelayanan (p=0.000) berhubungan dengan Rujukan. Faktor paling dominan yang mempengaruhi Rujukan adalah ketersediaan alat medis dan obat (OR=14.901). Penulis menyarankan dilakukannya promosi kesehatan terkait prolanis, peningkatan kualitas FKTP, dan optimalisasi kegiatan prolanis. Kata kunci: PROLANIS, Diabetes Mellitus, Hipertensi, Rawat Jalan, Rujukan
Backgorund: The high of outpatient revisit in hospital from INA CBG Claims with grouping code Q-5-44-0 since 2014 can be a burden on health assurance (JKN) financing. Based on INA CBG system, grouping code: Q- 5-44-0 is set for follow up after treatment visit at secondary health facilities. This condition needs indepth analysis to find factor which is related with outpatient revisit rate. Methodology: This study used a cross-sectional study (quantitative methods) to observe relationship between independent variables of JKN participant (gender, age cluster, participant cluster) and hospital (ownership type, hospital referral class, specialist clinic) with outpatient revisit rate (dependent variable). Sample size were 2.947 participant identities as uniqely code which is presented every participant from nine branch offices of BPJS Kesehatan (Indonesia administration bodies of social health security). Results: the average number of 9.96 visits in 2017 was highest in Class B FKRTL (51.5%) and the highest specialist poly destination was internal medicine poly (27.5%). There is no average difference between the number of outpatient revisit for women and men, there is no difference in the average number of outpatient revisit between government and private ownership, and there is no difference in the number of outpatient revisit between age groups. There is an average difference in the number of outpatient revisit between subsidized participan and Non-subsidized participan, there are differences in the number of outpatient revisit between hospital classes, and there is a significant difference in the number of outpatient revisit between specialists clinic. Hospital class and specialist clinic have a positive influence on the number of return visits while the participation segment has a negative influence on the number of return visits. Non-subsidized participan, hospital class B, neurosurgical poly, gastrology poly, geriatric poly, kidney poly, emergency clinic, eye clinic, poly obgyn, and poly rheumatology had negative effect while subsidized participan, hospital class A, C, and with other specialist clinic had a positive effect on the number of outpatient revisit.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) poses a significant financial burden, making the utilization of Advanced Outpatient Services (AOS) crucial, especially for National Health Insurance (JKN) participants. This cross sectional study involved 498 CKD patients who used AOS in 2023. The results showed that age, sex, marital status, membership segmentation, class of care entitlement, and facility ownership were significantly associated with AOS utilization (p<0.05). Age ≥65 years was the most dominant factor (AOR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.29–1.69). All variables had a significant influence on the utilization of AOS among CKD patients.
