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Tantangan pengobatan ARV adalah kepatuhan. Kepatuhan pengobatan ARV di Kabupaten Mimika menurun dari 84.3% pada tahun 2009 menjadi 62% pada tahun 2011. Berdasarkan fakta ini dilakukan penelitian cross sectional agar diketahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan pengobatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kepatuhan ≥ 80% : 44.59% dan kepatuhan < 80% : 55.41%. Hasil uji regresi logistik menunjukan bahwa pasien berpendidikan tinggi lebih patuh dari berpendidikan rendah, pasien tidak bekerja lebih patuh dari pasien yang bekerja, Pasien bukan suku Papua lebih patuh dari pasien suku Papua dan pasien yang mendapat dukungan keluarga lebih patuh dari pasien yang tidak mendapat dukungan keluarga.
ARV treatment is compliance challenges. ARV treatment adherence in Mimika District decreased from 84.3% in 2009 to 62% in 2011. This fact-based cross sectional study carried out in order to know the factors related to medication adherence. The results showed that compliance ≥ 80%: 44.59% and adherence <80%: 55.41%. The results of logistic regression test showed that highly educated patients had better adherence than less educated, not working more adherent patients than patients who work, not the tribe of Papua patients more adherent than patients Papuan tribal and family support for patients who received more adherent than patients who did not receive family support.
Pencapaian angka API tahun 2010 secara Nasional sudah memenuhi target (2 per 1000 penduduk). Pada data di atas menunjukkan bahwa Propinsi Papua dengan API tertinggi, yaitu 18,03 dan masih jauh dari yang ditargetkan,hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kasus malaria di Papua masih cukup tinggi dan memerlukan penanganan yang serius, dan propinsi dengan API terendah adalah propinsi DKI Jakarta, DI Yogyakarta dan Bali, sedangkan di Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen menunjukkan bahwa angka kasus malaria cukup tinggi, dengan angka API 233,1 per 1000 dan sudah melewati target yang ditetapkan. Saat ini program malaria masih mendapatkan bantuan pendanaan dari Global Fund, sehingga masih memiliki keterkaitan. Keterkaitan kritis pada ke dua komponen tersebut, apabila tidak diatisipasi oleh pemerintah dari awal, salah satunya dengan menyiapkan anggaran yang telah dibiayai oleh GF ke dalam kegiatan rutin, maka akan terjadi penurunan cakupan kembali, sehingga dampaknya akan dirasakan oleh mayarakat Papua pada umumnya dan Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen pada khususnya, apabila program perbantuan ini dihentikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui Keterkaitan Kritis antara Komponen Sistem Kesehatan dengan Global Fund untuk Program Malaria di Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen Propinsi Papua. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam dan studi literatur yang berhubungan dengan Sistem Kesehatan dan Global Fund dengan pengumpulan data melalui informan terkait dengan cara wawancara mendalam. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sehubungan dengan keterkaitan kritis antara Komponen Sistem Kesehatan dengan Globan Fund untuk Program Malaria di Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen Propinsi Papua, berdasarkan fungsi dalam komponen tersebut, maka yang memiliki keterkaitan kritis adalah pada komponen Perencanaan, Pembiayaan serta Monitoring dan Evaluasi sedangkan yang tidak memiliki keterkaitan pada komponen Penatalayanan dan Pemerintah, Pelayanan, Peningkatan Akses Pelayanan. Berbeda pada Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen, untuk komponen monitoring dan evaluasi tidak memiliki keterkaitan kritis.
The national achievement rate of API in 2010 has met the target (2 per 1000 population). It indicates that Papua Province with the highest API, which is 18.03 is left far from the target, that suggests that cases of malaria in Papua is quite high and require a serious action. Provinces with the lowest API are Jakarta, DI Yogyakarta and Bali, while in the Islands District Yapen showed that the number of malaria cases is quite high, with an API rate 233.1 per 1000 and had passed the target set. Currently malaria program got financing from the Global Fund , and it shows the relevance. The critical interaction between the two-components, if doesn't well handled by the government from the beginning, by preparing a routine budget financed by the Global Fund, there will be a reduction in program coverage, and will impact to the whole society particularly in Papuan Islands District Yapen if the program is being stopped. The purpose of this study is to determine the critical interaction between the Critical Component of Health System and the Global Fund for Malaria Program in Yapen Islands District of Papua. The method used in this research is qualitative method with in-depth interviews and literature studies related to Health System and the Global Fund by collecting data through informants related to the manner in-depth interviews, to reveal the Critical interactionbetween Component of Health System and the Global Fund for Malaria Programme Yapen Islands District of Papua. This study concluded that according to the critical interaction between the Health System Component and the Global Fund for Malaria Program in the District of Yapen Islands Papua, in the relevance to the function of those components, the critical interactions are in the planning functions, finance function, monitoring and Evaluation function. In the other hand, the stewardship and the government, service delivery and the increase of service access did not show the relevances. Contrary to the districs of Yapen Island Papua, monitoring and evaluation component did not show critical interactions.
Background mobility is the process of moving people from one area to another happening every day, month and year both domestically and abroad with varied objectives to meet the needs of the lives of these people. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between migrants' mobility and factors. Method is to use a case-control approach aimed at analyzing the implications and effects of exposure and disease from high-risk and low-mobility migrants at risk of HIV incidence. Sample was 390 population and community groups visiting VCT (Voluntary Counseling and Testing) tests at 1 Hospital and 4 Puskesmas in Mimika Regency. Eligible populations are all mobile risk migrants visiting VCT test sites both in hospitals and health centers in the 2017 and 2018 periods. Results of 390 respondents were 157 cases and 234 controls, sample selection there were 138 respondents consisting of 13 cases and 125 controls were not cited because they came from the key population, so there were 253 samples, consisting of 144 cases and 109 controls. 144 and 109 controls in the data there were respondents who did not answer the question and so had to be excluded, 78 cases and 28 controls were excluded then the number of samples for analysis was determined that 66 cases and 81 high mobility controls had 4 times the risk of being infected, Sociodemographic characteristics of migrants with male sex men at risk 6 times, young adults (17-35 years) at risk 5 times, educated low risk at 0.1 times, precarious work at risk 2 times, knowledge less risk 13 times, no relationship with HIV incidence, no relationship coverage HIV programs with HIV incidence, Increased HIV infection in migrant populations with high mobility m is an excess (negative) from the development of the Mimika Regency, Papua Province
Malaria merupakan masalah kesehatan dunia termasuk Indonesia karena mengakibatkan dampak yang luas dan berpeluang menjadi penyakit emerging dan re-emerging. Di Wilayah South East Asian Region (SEARO) yang Indonesia menjadi salah satu negara anggotanya, malaria merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang utama. Data Kasus Baru malaria tahun 2009/2010 di seluruh Indonesia berdasarkan Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2010 adalah 22,9 per mil, sedangkan di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara (61,7?).
Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran karakteristik individu, faktor lingkungan dan perilaku yang berhubungan dengan kejadian malaria klinis di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara 2010. Penelitian dengan studi kuantitatif melibatkan 2272 subyek penelitian yang diperoleh data dari Riskesdas 2010, dengan jumlah kejadian malaria klinis sebanyak 408 subyek. Dari 20 variabel yang dianalisis multivariat di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara didapatkan ada 6 variabel yang berhubungan secara signifikan yaitu : pendidikan : OR = 2,04 (95% CI : 1,59 ? 2,62) dengan p value = 0,000, rawa-rawa : OR = 1,57 (95% CI : 1,10 ? 2,25), dengan p value = 0,014, pantai : OR= 0,49 (95% CI : 0,31 ? 078) dengan p value = 0,003, perkebunan : OR = 1,58 (95% CI : 1,25 ? 2,00) dengan p value = 0,000, tidur menggunakan kelambu : OR = 0,59 (95% CI : 0,41 ? 0,85) dengan p value = 0,005 dan memakai obat nyamuk bakar/elektrik : OR = 0,59 (95% CI : 0,45 - 0,78) dengan p value = 0,000.
Analisis juga dilakukan pada 8 Kabupaten dan 4 Kota di provinsi Sulawesi Utara dan hasilnya ada 4 Kabupaten dan 2 Kota yang sebagian variabel mempunyai hubungan signifikan dengan kejadian malaria klinis yaitu : Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud, Kabupaten Minahasa, Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe, Kota Manado, Kota Tomohon dan Kabupaten Minahasa Utara.
Disarankan kepada masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitar rawa-rawa, pantai dan perkebunan hendaknya selalu menjaga kebersihan lingkungan serta memakai obat nyamuk bakar/elektrik. Untuk Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Sulawesi Utara pelaksanakan program "Gebrak Malaria" hendaknya lebih diintensifkan dan melibatkan seluruh lapisan masyarat. Untuk peneliti lain supaya dapat melakukan penelitian yang lebih mendalam tentang Malaria atau Malaria Klinis di daerah endemis malaria di Provinsi lain dengan menggunakan data hasil Riskesdas 2010 atau data terbaru di wilayah tersebut.
Malaria is a global health problem, including Indonesia, because it resulted in a broad impact and may appear and re-emerging diseases. Regional Southeast Asia Region (SEARO) and Indonesia became one of its member countries, malaria is a major public health problem. The new malaria cases in 2009/2010 Data for Health Research in Indonesia based on the Basic (Riskesdas) 2010 is 22.9 per mile, whereas in the Province of North Sulawesi (61.7 ?).
This study uses cross sectional design which aims to obtain a picture of individual characteristics, environmental factors and behaviors associated with the incidence of clinical malaria in North Sulawesi province in 2010. Research with quantitative studies involving 2272 subjects who obtained the data from Riskesdas 2010, with the incidence of clinical malaria as much as 408 subjects. Of the 20 variables in the multivariate analysis of the North Sulawesi province to find there are six significant variables related to: Education: OR = 2.04 (95% CI: 1.59 to 2.62) with p-value = 0.000, bog: OR = 1, 57 (95% CI: 1.10 to 2.25), with a p-value = 0.014, coast: OR = 0.49 (95% CI: 0.31 to 078) with a p-value = 0.003, plantations: OR = 1 , 58 (95% CI: 1.25 to 2.00) with p-value = 0.000, using mosquito nets to sleep: OR = (95% CI: 0.41 to 0.85) 0.59 with a p-value = 0.005 and use mosquito repellent/electric: OR = 0.59 (95% CI: 0.45 to 0.78) with p-value = 0.000.
The analysis was also conducted in eight counties and four cities in the province of North Sulawesi and the results there are four counties and two cities that some variables have a significant relationship with the incidence of clinical malaria namely: Talaud Islands, Minahasa, Sangihe Regency, Manado, Minahasa regency Tomohon and north.
It is recommended for people who live in the vicinity, the coast marshes and plantations should always keep the environment clean and using mosquito repellent / electric. For the North Sulawesi Provincial Health Office, the implementation of "Gebrak Malaria" program should be improved and involve all layers masyarat. For other researchers to conduct more in-depth research on Malaria, Clinical malaria or malaria in endemic areas in other provinces using data from Riskesdas 2010 or latest data in the region.
West Papua Province ranks third in the highest cases of malaria in Indonesia. The number of positive malaria cases in 2020 totaled 254,050 cases, which increased in 2021 with 304,607 cases. There are several risk factors for the occurrence of malaria such as socio-demographic, environmental factors, and individual behavior in preventing the transmission of malaria. This study aims to assess the determinants of malaria incidence in West Papua Province, using the 2018 West Papua Province Riskesdas data source with a cross-sectional study design. This study used the cox regression statistical test on 2,602 samples in the province of West Papua, with statistical significance based on 95% confidence intervals. The results showed that the prevalence of malaria in West Papua Province was 37.2%. the highest proportion of malaria incidence was in males 42.5%, age 5 tahun 37.4%, last education SMP/SLTP 37.5%, work not at risk 37.8%, did not sleep using insecticide treated nets 41.2 %, not using repellents, not using mosquito coils 38.0%, using gauze on house ventilation 42.7%, destroying used containerized 39.5%, living in urban areas 46.5%, the type of main water facility used used for cooking, personal hygiene and washing purposes which were not at risk 38.3% and the type of main water facility used for drinking purposes which was not at risk 38.7%. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between gender (PR 1.295; 95% CI 1.141-1.469) and area type (PR 0.746; 95% CI 0.650-0.855). As well as factors that are considered related to the incidence of malaria, namely sleeping using insecticide-treated nets PR 1.102; 95% CI 0.965-1.258). The gender factor is the factor that most influences the incidence of malaria which gives a risk of 1.295 for the occurrence of malaria in men compared to women after controlling for the type of area and sleeping using insecticide-treated mosquito nets. It is necessary to promotion, education, monitoring and evalution of the use of insecticide-treated nets, especially in urban communities and at risk group (men).
