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Nurul Huriah Astuti; Promotor: Budi Utomo; Kopromotor: Rita Damayanti, Dien Anshari; Penguji: Sabarinah Prasetyo, Riza Sarasvita, Dwi Hastuti, Fidiansjah, Sri Redatin Retno Pudjiati
Abstrak:
Prevalensi penyalahgunaan narkoba pada remaja di Indonesia masih perlu diturunkan. Studi sebelumnya menunjukkan keluarga adalah faktor protektif penyalahgunaan narkoba. Tujuan studi ini adalah menilai peran modal sosial keluarga sebagai faktor protektif penyalahgunaan narkoba. Studi menganalisis data sekunder. Sampel berjumlah 31.439, umur 10 24 tahun dan belum menikah. Modal sosial keluarga dalam studi ini adalah berupa indeks dari 4 dimensi yang berasal dari 14 items. Nilai cumulative explained dari PCA untuk indeks sebesar 61,8%. Temuan studi menunjukkan bahwa modal sosial keluarga berperan sebagai faktor protektif penyalahgunaan narkoba. Namun, ketika dikontrol oleh dua perilaku permisif menunjukkan semakin tua umur remaja, efek protektif modal sosial keluarga semakin kuat dan konsisten. Temuan lain, modal sosial keluarga tidak berpengaruh langsung terhadap penyalahgunaan narkoba setahun pakai, akan tetapi jalurnya melalui dua perilaku pemisif. Beberapa rekomendasi telah diajukan, di antaranya mendorong agar program penurunan/pencegahan penyalahgunaan narkoba pada remaja melibatkan berbagai dimensi dalam keluarga dan dilakukan mempertimbangkan strata umur perkembangan remaja. Selain itu, mendorong program bersinergi dengan program pencegahan perilaku berisiko lainnya
The prevalence of illicit drug use among adolescents in Indonesia still needs to be reduced. Previous studies have suggested that family is a protective factor against illicit drug use. This study examined the role of family social capital against illicit drug use. The study analyzed secondary data. A total of 31,439 adolescents aged 10 24 years old and not yet married were involved in the present study. This study created an index of family social capital that was grouped in four dimensions from 14 variables. The cumulative explained of Principle Component Analysis was 61.8%. The findings showed that family social capital plays a protective factor against illicit drug use. However, when controlled by two permissive behaviors, it was shown that the older the adolescents, the stronger and more consistent the effect of family social capital. Other findings, family social capital did not directly affect illicit drug use, but the pathway was through two permissive behaviors. This study encourages illicit drug use prevention programs that involve the dimensions of family social capital and accommodate the development age of adolescents. In addition, the program should synergize with other risk behavior prevention programs
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The prevalence of illicit drug use among adolescents in Indonesia still needs to be reduced. Previous studies have suggested that family is a protective factor against illicit drug use. This study examined the role of family social capital against illicit drug use. The study analyzed secondary data. A total of 31,439 adolescents aged 10 24 years old and not yet married were involved in the present study. This study created an index of family social capital that was grouped in four dimensions from 14 variables. The cumulative explained of Principle Component Analysis was 61.8%. The findings showed that family social capital plays a protective factor against illicit drug use. However, when controlled by two permissive behaviors, it was shown that the older the adolescents, the stronger and more consistent the effect of family social capital. Other findings, family social capital did not directly affect illicit drug use, but the pathway was through two permissive behaviors. This study encourages illicit drug use prevention programs that involve the dimensions of family social capital and accommodate the development age of adolescents. In addition, the program should synergize with other risk behavior prevention programs
D-453
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S3 - Disertasi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Tiara Amelia; Promotor: Evi Martha; Kopromotor: Ade Iva Murty; Penguji: Besral, Bagus Takwin, Dien Anshari, Tiara Anindhita, Irmasnyah
Abstrak:
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Mahasiswa sebagai pengguna media sosial tertinggi memiliki prevalensi gangguan media sosial cukup tinggi yaitu 50% pada mahasiswa di Turki (2020), 24,9% pada responden di Indonesia (2020), 60% pada mahasiswa di Baghdad (2020). Prevalensi pada mahasiswa baru UI sebesar 24,3% (Angkatan 2021) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan mahasiswa lama sebesar 17,3% (Angkatan 2018-2020). Mahasiswa angkatan baru lebih rentan terhadap gangguan media sosial. Oleh karenanya diperlukan adanya model intervensi preventif untuk merespons tren meningkatnya prevalensi gangguan media sosial. Tujuan studi ialah merancang dan mengetahui efek model intervensi daring “Sehat Bermedia Sosial” (SBS) terhadap skor gangguan media sosial pengetahuan, sikap, durasi penggunaan media sosial, jumlah akun aktif, need to belong, dan regulasi diri pada mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia. Metodologi: Pelaksanaan semua tahapan pengembangan model dilakukan daring dan meliputi studi pendahuluan (n=201); studi survey (n=339) untuk mendapatkan data skor GMS pada mahasiswa; mendesain, menguji coba dan melaksanakan tahapan model; dan studi quasi experiment (n=74) untuk mengetahui efek model. Hasil: Pemberian intervensi model “SBS” efektif meningkatkan skor pengetahuan CBT (13,7%) dan regulasi diri (14,5%). Kemudian, pemberian intervensi efektif menurunkan skor gangguan media sosial (19%), durasi waktu penggunaan media sosial (10%). Namun, belum efektif menurunkan NTB karena terjadi kenaikan NTB sebesar 4% dan belum efektif meningkatkan sikap penggunaan media sosial dan menurunkan jumlah akun sosial media karena tidak bermakna secara statistik. Kesimpulan: Model sebagai upaya preventif telah berhasil memberikan efek intervensi utamanya pada penurunan gangguan media sosial. Rekomendasi: Melakukan upaya sosialisasi model “Sehat Bermedia Sosial” agar diadopsi dan diterapkan pada universitas atau institusi Pendidikan setara lainnya dan implementasi model mampu mengatasi kendala terbatasnya ruang, waktu dan kendala geografis selama terdapat jaringan internet.
College student as the highest social media users have a fairly high prevalence of social media disorder (SMD): namely 50% among college students in Turkey (2020), 24.9% among respondents in Indonesia (2020), 60% among college students in Baghdad (2020). The prevalence among new UI students is 24.3% (Class of 2021) higher than that of old students at 17.3% (Class of 2018-2020). New students are more vulnerable to social media interference. Therefore, there is a need for a preventive intervention model to respond to the trend of increasing prevalence of social media disorders. Purpose: The aim of the study is to design and determine the effect of the "Sehat Bermedia Sosial" online intervention model on social media disorder scores, knowledge, attitudes, duration of social media use, number of active accounts, need to belong, and self-regulation among Universitas Indonesia students. Methodology: All stages of model development were carried out online and included a preliminary study (n=201); survey study (n=339) to obtain SMD score data for students; designing, testing, and implementing model stages; and a quasi-experimental study (n=74) to determine the model effect. Results: Providing the "SBS" model intervention was effective in increasing CBT knowledge scores (13.7%) and self-regulation (14.5%). Then, the providing effective interventions reduced the score of social media disruption (19%), the duration of social media use (10%). However, it has not been effective in reducing NTB because there has been an increase in NTB by 4%. And it has not been effective in increasing attitudes in using social media and reducing the number of social media accounts because it is not statistically meaningful. Conclusion: The model as a preventive effort has succeeded in providing its main effect on social media disorders. Recommendation: Make efforts to socialize the "Sehat Bermedia Sosial" model so that it is adopted and applied to universities or other equivalent educational institutions and the implementation of the model can overcome the constraints of limited space, time and geographical constraints as long as internet networks available.
D-548
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S3 - Disertasi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Dwi Monik Purnamasari; Promotor: Ahmad Syafiq; Kopromotor: Besral; Penguji: Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Endang Laksminingsih Achadi, Trini Sudiarti, Asih Setiarini, Leonardo Lubis
Abstrak:
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Latar Belakang: Kejadian obesitas pada remaja terus meningkat di Indonesia. Kadet mahasiswa Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia (Unhan RI) adalah remaja yang perlu diperhatikan status gizinya karena merupakan komponen cadangan dalam pertahanan negara yang siap dimobilisasi kapan saja. Salah satu penentuan status gizi adalah berdasarkan pemeriksaan antropometri, termasuk komposisi tubuh. Penelitian di luar negeri menunjukan bahwa pelatihan dasar militer memengaruhi komposisi tubuh yang berkaitan dengan performa fisik tentara. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh 12 minggu pelatihan dasar militer terhadap antropometri, serta untuk mengetahui model prediksi total dan delta persentase lemak tubuh (PLT) pada kadet mahasiswa Unhan RI. Metode: Studi ini adalah studi kuantitatif dengan metode Pre-Experimental One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design pada 111 wanita and 146 pria mahasiswa Unhan RI yang mengikuti pelatihan dasar militer yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei-September 2023. Variabel bebas dalam studi ini adalah Skinfold Thickness (ST), skor Z Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) terhadap umur, lingkar pinggang, kualitas tidur, kebiasaan makan, aktivitas fisik, dan PLT prapelatihan, dengan variabel terikat delta dan total persentase lemak tubuh pascapelatihan dasar militer. Perbedaan variabel bebas sebelum dan setelah pelatihan diuji dengan Dependent T-Test. Uji korelasi Pearson dilakukan dan dilanjutkan dengan uji multivariat regresi linier berganda untuk memeroleh model prediksi delta PLT dan total PLT pascapelatihan dasar militer. Hasil: Pelatihan dasar militer secara signifikan berpengaruh menurunkan lingkar pinggang, skinfold thickness, skinfold trisep, skinfold bisep, skinfold suprailiaka, skinfold subscapular ke arah ideal, tetapi secara signifikan meningkatkan berat badan dan status gizi berdasarkan skor Z IMT kadet mahasiswa pria Unhan RI ke arah tidak ideal. Pelatihan dasar militer tidak berpengaruh terhadap kualitas tidur, kadar lemak subkutan, PLT, massa otot skeletal kadet mahasiswa Unhan RI pria di Indonesia. Pelatihan dasar militer pada kadet wanita Unhan RI secara signifikan berpengaruh menurunkan PLT, lingkar pinggang, skinfold thickness, skinfold trisep, skinfold bisep, skinfold suprailiaka, skinfold subscapular ke arah ideal, meningkatkan massa otot skeletal ke arah ideal, tetapi meningkatkan berat badan dan status gizi berdasarkan skor Z IMT ke arah tidak ideal. Pelatihan dasar militer tidak berpengaruh terhadap kualitas tidur dan kadar lemak subkutan kadet mahasiswa Unhan RI wanita di Indonesia. Model prediksi delta persentase lemak tubuh pascapelatihan dasar militer di Indonesia pada kadet mahasiswa Unhan RI wanita adalah “Delta PLT= 4.829-0.103*ST-0.537*Z IMT” dengan kemampuan variabel menjelaskan PLT sebesar 53.8%, sedangkan pada pria adalah “Delta PLT= 5.313-0.106* ST-0.497*Z IMT-8.051E-5*Aktivitas Fisik” dengan kemampuan variabel menjelaskan PLT sebesar 56.5%. Model prediksi total persentase lemak tubuh pascapelatihan dasar militer di Indonesia pada kadet mahasiswa Unhan RI wanita adalah “PLT Total Pascapelatihan = 12.034 + 0.535*PLT prapelatihan” dengan kemampuan variabel menjelaskan PLT sebesar 76.8%, sedangkan pada pria adalah “PLT= 6.368 - 0.072*ST + 0.7*PLT prapelatihan + 0.004*karbohidrat - 7.951E-5*Aktivitas Fisik” dengan kemampuan variabel menjelaskan PLT sebesar 81.3%. Kesimpulan: Komposisi tubuh kadet mahasiswa S1 pria dan wanita Unhan RI membaik setelah pelatihan dasar militer. Prediktor paling kuat terhadap kadar PLT total dan delta PLT pada pria adalah lingkar pinggang dan PLT prapelatihan, sedangkan pada wanita prediktor paling kuat terhadap kadar PLT total dan delta PLT adalah skor Z IMT terhadap umur dan PLT prapelatihan.
Background: The incidence of obesity in adolescents continues to increase in Indonesia. The nutritional status of Republic of Indonesia Defense University (RIDU) cadets is important to be monitored because they are reserve components in national defense that ready for mobilization anytime. Anthropometric examination is one of nutritional assessment, including body composition analysis. Research abroad showed that basic combat training altered body composition related to army physical performance. Objective: This study aims to assess the effect of 12-weeks Basic Combat Training (BCT) on the anthropometry and to determine the total and delta body fat percentage (BFP) prediction model of RIDU cadets after basic combat training in Indonesia. Method: This study is a quantitative study using the Pre-Experimental Model One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design method with 111 female and 146 male students from the RIDU who participated in basic combat training that fullfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study was conducted in May-September 2023. The independent variables in this study were Skinfold Thickness (ST), Body Mass Index (BMI) for age, Waist Circumference (WC), sleep quality, eating habits, physical activity, and BFP before training, with dependent variable were the delta and total body fat percentage after basic combat training. Differences in independent variables before and after training were analysed by using Dependent T-Test. The Pearson correlation test was carried out and followed by a multivariate multiple linear regression test to obtain delta and total body fat percentage predictive model formula after basic combat training. Results: Basic combat training significantly reduces waist circumference, skinfold thickness, triceps skinfold, biceps skinfold, suprailiac skinfold, subscapular skinfold toward ideal values but significantly increases body weight and nutritional status based on BMI Z-scores toward less ideal levels for male Unhan RI cadets. BCT has no effect on sleep quality, subcutaneous fat levels, BFP, skeletal muscle mass of male RIDU cadets. In female, BCT significantly reduces body fat percentage (BFP), waist circumference, skinfold thickness, triceps skinfold, biceps skinfold, suprailiac skinfold, subscapular skinfold towards ideal values, and increases skeletal muscle mass towards ideal levels. However, it also increases body weight and nutritional status based on BMI Z-scores toward less ideal levels. BCT has no effect on sleep quality and subcutaneous fat levels of female RIDU cadets. The delta predictive model formula for body fat percentage after basic combat training in Indonesia for female RIDU cadet was "Delta BFP = 4.829-0.103*ST-0.537*BMI age" with the variables ability to explain BFP was 53.8%, while in men the predictive model formula was "Delta BFP= 5.313-0.106*ST-0.497*BMI age-8.051E-5*Physical activity" with the ability of the variables to explain BFP was of 56.5%. Predictive model formula of total body fat percentage after basic military training in Indonesia in female cadet was “total BFP after BCT = 12.034 + 0.535*BFP before BCT” with variable's ability to explain BFP was 76.8%, while for male the total predictive model formula was “total BFP after BCT = 6.368 - 0.072*ST + 0.7* BFP before BCT + 0.004*Carbohydrate - 7.951E-5*Physical Activity” with variable’s ability to explain BFP was 81.3%. Conclusion: Body composition among female and male RIDU cadets were improved after basic combat training. The strongest predictor of total BFP and delta BFP level in male were waist circumference and BFP before training, while in female the strongest predictor of total BFP and delta BFP level were Z-score BMI for age and BFP before training.
D-546
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S3 - Disertasi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ammaylucy Christa BR Tarigan; Pembimbing: Wiku Bakti Bawono Adisasmito; Penguji: Ede Surya Darmawan, Yunita Fitriani
Abstrak:
Skripsi ini membahas mengenai analisis pengaruh sikap dan tingkat pendidikan pada Program Indonesia Sehat Pendekatan Keluarga di Kelurahan Beji. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi Cross Sectional. Jumlah responden penelitian ini adalah 51 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial terdapat pengaruh sikap pada PIS-PK terhadap kesehatan keluarga dengan nilai t hitung = 9,631 > nilai t tabel = 2,011. Secara parsial tidak terdapat pengaruh tingkat pendidikan terhadap kesehatan keluarga dengan nilai t hitung = 0,068 < nilai t tabel = 2,011.Sikap pada PIS-PK dan tingkat pendidikan secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap kesehatan keluarga di Kelurahan Beji dengan nilai F hitung =47,290 > nilai F tabel = 3,191.
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S-10099
Depok : FKM UI, 2019
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Tati Sumiati; Promotor: Sabarinah; Kopromotor: Agustin Kusumayati; Penguji: Asri C. Adisasmita, Meiwita P. Budiharsana, Rita Damayanti, Pribudiarta Nur Sitepu, Wendy Hartanto, Yekti Widodo
Abstrak:
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Ketidaksiapaan seorang perempuan remaja untuk hamil, melahirkan dan mengasuh dapat mengakibatkan tidak tercapainya perkembangan anak. Dalam meningkatkan perkembangan anak yang optimal, diperlukan kondisi perawatan pengasuhan yang dapat meningkatkan kesehatan, nutrisi, keamanan dan keselamatan, pengasuhan responsif, serta peluang belajar sejak dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek kehamilan remaja terhadap perawatan pengasuhan anak di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data integrasi Susenas Kor Maret dan Riskesdas tahun 2018. Pengukuran kelas perawatan pengasuhan menggunakan analisis kelas laten. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan aplikasi MPlus Versi 8.3. Perawatan pengasuhan terdiri dari 5 komponen yaitu kesehatan, nutrisi, keamanan dan keselamatan, pengasuhan responsif, serta peluang belajar sejak dini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi anak yang dikandung oleh ibu remaja sebesar 31,7%. Terdapat 3 kelas perawatan pengasuhan dalam penelitian ini yang dapat dinamakan kelas dukungan perawatan pengasuhan yang komprehensif, GESID, dan PAUD. Dari 5 komponen perawatan pengasuhan, 3 di antaranya kesehatan, nutrisi dan peluang belajar sejak dini terungkap dibutuhkan oleh semua anak, serta 2 komponen (keamanan dan keselamatan, serta pengasuhan responsif) dibutuhkan oleh kelas tertentu. Sebanyak 62% ibu hamil membutuhkan perawatan pengasuhan komprehensif bagi anaknya, lebih tinggi dibanding ibu usia 20 tahun ke atas (10%). Analisis regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa anak yang dikandung ibu remaja ini 2 kali lebih membutuhkan dukungan perawatan pengasuhan komprehensif dibanding anak yang dikandung oleh ibu berusia 20 tahun ke atas. Ibu remaja memerlukan bimbingan semua komponen perawatan pengasuhan. Karena isu perawatan pengasuhan adalah lintas bidang dan lintas sektor, maka koordinasi program lintas SKPD sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kesehatan, kecukupan nutrisi, dan peluang belajar sejak dini, serta sesuai kebutuhan masing-masing kelas.
The unpreparedness of an adolescent woman to get pregnant, give birth and nurture can result in not achieving child development. In promoting optimal child development, nurturing care conditions are needed that can improve health, nutrition, security and safety, responsive caregiving, and opportunities for early learning. This study aims to determine the effect of adolescent pregnancy on nurturing care in Indonesia. This study uses integrated data from Susenas kor March and Riskesdas 2018. The masurement nurturing care classes uses latent class analysis. Data analysis in this study used the Mplus application Version 8.3. Nurturing care consists of 5 components namely health, nutrition, security and safety, responsive caregiving, and opportunities for early learning. The results showed that the proportion of children conceived by adolescent mothers was 31.7%. There are 3 classes of nurturing care in this study which can be called comprehensive nurturing care classes, GESID, and PAUD. Of the 5 components of nurturing care, 3 of which are health, nutrition and opportunities for early learning were revealed to be needed by all children, and 2 components (security and safety, and responsive caregiving) were needed by certain classes. As many as 62% of adolescent pregnancy require comprehensive nurturing care for their children, higher than mothers aged 20 years and over (10%). Logistic regression analysis showed that children conceived by adolescent mothers were twice as likely to need comprehensive care support as children conceived by mothers aged 20 years and over. Adolescent mothers need more guidance on all components of nurturing care. Because the issue of nurturing care is cross-cutting and cross sectoral, program coordination across SKPD is very important to improve health, nutritional adequacy, and opportunities for early learning, and according to the needs of each class.
D-468
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S3 - Disertasi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Musafah; Promotor: Tris Eryando; Kopromotor: Martya Rahmaniati Makful, Meiwita Paulina Budiharsana; Penguji: Besral, Kemal Nazaruddin Siregar, Wendy Hartanto, Sudibyo Alimoeso
Abstrak:
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Unmet need KB di Indonesia belum mencapai target khususnya di Pulau Kalimantan. Penurunan unmet need KB dapat mencegah kematian ibu. Adanya desentralisasi menuntut pemerintah daerah membuat kebijakan kesehatan seperti program KB. Analisis spatio-temporal dibutuhkan untuk menyelidiki unmet need KB yang berguna untuk memantau program KB. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pola spasial dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi unmet need KB tahun 2018-2021 di tingkat Kabupaten/Kota di Pulau Kalimantan, Indonesia. Studi ekologi dilakukan pada 56 Kabupaten/kota di Pulau Kalimantan pada tahun 2018-2021. Data berbentuk agregat dan bersumber dari Laporan Pengendalian dan Pelayanan Kontrasepsi BKKBN, Buku Publikasi Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) dan Website Dewan Jaminan Sosial Sistem Informasi Terpadu. Analisis data dengan menggunakan Geographically Temporal Weighted Regression. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Bulungan, Malinau, Nunukan, Tana Tidung, Kota Tarakan, Bontang, Kutai Kartanegara, dan Kutai Timur konsisten berada pada klaster I (High-high) pada tahun 2018-2021. Pemodelan unmet need KB yang didapatkan pada tingkat Kabupaten/kota di Pulau Kalimantan selama 2018-2021 adalah kemiskinan, pendapatan, non cakupan JKN, rasio praktik bidan mandiri, rasio faskes KB pemerintah, rasio faskes KB swasta, rasio penyuluh KB dengan nilai adjusted R square sebesar 46,06%. Kemiskinan berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan unmet need KB di 43 Kabupaten/Kota (76,8%) di Pulau Kalimantan, Indonesia selama 2018-2021. Non cakupan JKN berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan unmet need KB di 35 Kabupaten/kota (62,5%) di Pulau Kalimantan, Indonesia selama 2018-2021. Rasio praktik bidan mandiri, rasio faskes KB pemerintah dan rasio faskes KB swasta berpengaruh terhadap unmet need KB tetapi belum dapat menurunkan unmet need KB di Pulau Kalimantan, Indonesia selama 2018-2021. Rasio penyuluh KB berpengaruh dalam menurunkan unmet need KB di 22 Kabupaten/kota (39,3%) di Pulau Kalimantan, Indonesia selama 2018-2021. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut direkomendasikan kepada SKPD-KB di Kabupaten/kota untuk memprioritaskan program KB pada penduduk miskin dalam menurunkan unmet need KB dengan mendekatkan program KB seperti pelayanan KB dan penyuluhan KB khususnya pada Kabupaten/kota yang konsisten tergolong kemiskinan tertinggi selama 2018-2021, yaitu Kapuas Hulu, Melawi, Kayong Utara, Paser, Kutai Barat, Kutai Timur, Mahakam Ulu dan Bulungan.
Unmet need for family planning in Indonesia has not yet reached the target, especially on the island of Kalimantan. Reducing the unmet need for family planning can prevent maternal deaths. Decentralization requires local governments to create health policies such as family planning programs. Spatio-temporal analysis is needed to investigate unmet need for family planning which is useful for monitoring family planning programs. The aim of this research is to determine the spatial patterns and factors that influence the unmet need for family planning in 2018-2021 at the district/city level on the island of Kalimantan, Indonesia. Ecological studies were carried out in 56 districts/cities on Kalimantan Island in 2018-2021. Aggregate data is used and comes from the BKKBN Contraception Control and Services Report, the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) Publication Book and the Social Security Council's Integrated Information System Website. Data analysis using Geographically Temporal Weighted Regression. Poverty has an influence in increasing the unmet need for family planning in 43 districts/cities (76.8%) on Kalimantan Island, Indonesia during 2018-2021. Non-coverage of JKN has an influence in increasing the unmet need for family planning in 35 regencies/cities (62.5%) on Kalimantan Island, Indonesia during 2018-2021. The ratio of independent midwife practices, the ratio of government family planning health facilities and the ratio of private family planning health facilities have an influence on the unmet need for family planning but have not been able to reduce the unmet need for family planning on the island of Kalimantan, Indonesia during 2018-2021. The ratio of family planning instructors has an influence in reducing the unmet need for family planning in 22 districts/cities (39.3%) on Kalimantan Island, Indonesia during 2018-2021. Based on the results, it is recommended for SKPD-KB in districts/cities to prioritize family planning programs for the poor in reducing the unmet need for family planning by bringing family planning programs closer together such as family planning services and family planning counseling, especially in districts/cities which consistently have the highest poverty level during 2018-2021 namely Kapuas Hulu, Melawi, North Kayong, Paser, West Kutai, East Kutai, Mahakam Ulu and Bulungan.
D-510
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S3 - Disertasi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Semuel Piter Irab; Pembimbing: Ratna Djuwita; Penguji: Diah Mulyawati Utari, Besral, Kusharisupeni, Rita Damayanti, Sutanto Priyo Hastono, Abas Basuni Juhari, Trihono
Abstrak:
Disertasi ini adalah menggambarkan perubahan prevalensi balita stunting pada Kabupaten/Kota kategori membaik dan Kabupaten/Kota kategori memburuk di Indonesia dari tahun 2007 ke tahun 2013. Metode cross sectional studi, sampel yaitu 163 Kabupaten/Kota, sumber data sekunder Balitbangkes dan Kementerian Keuangan. Uji statistik t-test dan diskriminan. Hasil: perubahan prevalensi balita stunting pada 49 Kabupaten/Kota kategori membaik 30,1%, dan 114 Kabupaten/kota kategori memburuk 69,9%. Sembilan cakupan program kesehatan dan sosial pada Kabupaten/Kota kategori membaik yang memiliki perubahan lebih besar dari Kabupaten/Kota kategori memburuk yaitu prevalensi BBLR, cakupan penimbangan balita ≥ 4 kali, cakupan vitamin A, cakupan imunisasi lengkap, persentase ketersediaan air bersih, persentase pengelolaan sampah diangkut petugas kebersihan, persentase ketersediaan jamban keluarga, persentase cuci tangan pakai sabun, dan persentase KK pegawai negeri sipil. Lima cakupan program kesehatan dan sosial pada Kabupaten/Kota ketegori memburuk yang perubahannya tidak jauh berbeda dari Kabupaten/Kota kategori membaik yaitu cakupan ANC-K4, prevalensi KEK ibu hamil, prevalensi TB-Paru balita, indeks kapasitas fiskal, dan persentase KK pendidikan tinggi. Delapan cakupan program kesehatan dan sosial dengan akurasi perubahan prevalensi balita stunting pada Kabupaten/Kota kategori membaik 83,7% dan Kabupaten kategori memburuk 92,1% yaitu cakupan timbangan balita ≥ 4 kali, cakupan imunisasi lengkap, cakupan ANC-K4, persentase sampah diangkut petugas kebersihan, persentase ketersediaan jamban keluarga, persentase cuci tangan pakai sabun, indeks kapasitas fiskal, dan persentase KK PNS
This dissertation is describing changes in the prevalence of stunting toddlers the Regencies/ Cities category improves and deteriorates in Indonesia, from 2007 to 2013. Cross sectional study method, samples are 163 Regencies/Cities, secondary data source Balitbangkes and Ministry of Finance. T-test and discriminant statistical test. Results: changes in the prevalence of stunting toddlers 49 Regencies/Cities category improved 30.1%, and 114 Regencies/Cities category deteriorated 69,9%. Nine coverage of health and social programs the Regencies/Cities category improved which has a change greater than Regencies/Cities category deteriorated namely the prevalence of LBW, toddler weighing coverage ≥ 4 times, vitamin A coverage, complete immunization coverage, percentage of availability of clean water, percentage of waste management carried by janitors, percentage of availability of family latrines, percentage of hand washing with soap, and the percentage of family heads of civil servants. Five coverage of health and social programs in the Regencies/Cities category deteriorated, whose changes are not much different from the Regencies/Cities category improved namely ANC-K4 coverage, prevalence of less chronic energy in pregnant women, prevalence of toddler pulmonary TB, fiscal capacity index, and the percentage of family heads of higher education. Eight coverage of health and social programs with accuracy changes in the prevalence of stunting toddlers at the Regencies/ Cities category improved 83,7% and Regencies/Cities category deteriorated 92.1% namely toddler weighing coverage ≥ 4 times, complete immunization coverage, ANC-K4 coverage, percentage of waste management carried by janitors, percentage of availability of family latrines, percentage of hand washing with soap, fiscal capacity index, and the percentage of family heads of civil servants
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This dissertation is describing changes in the prevalence of stunting toddlers the Regencies/ Cities category improves and deteriorates in Indonesia, from 2007 to 2013. Cross sectional study method, samples are 163 Regencies/Cities, secondary data source Balitbangkes and Ministry of Finance. T-test and discriminant statistical test. Results: changes in the prevalence of stunting toddlers 49 Regencies/Cities category improved 30.1%, and 114 Regencies/Cities category deteriorated 69,9%. Nine coverage of health and social programs the Regencies/Cities category improved which has a change greater than Regencies/Cities category deteriorated namely the prevalence of LBW, toddler weighing coverage ≥ 4 times, vitamin A coverage, complete immunization coverage, percentage of availability of clean water, percentage of waste management carried by janitors, percentage of availability of family latrines, percentage of hand washing with soap, and the percentage of family heads of civil servants. Five coverage of health and social programs in the Regencies/Cities category deteriorated, whose changes are not much different from the Regencies/Cities category improved namely ANC-K4 coverage, prevalence of less chronic energy in pregnant women, prevalence of toddler pulmonary TB, fiscal capacity index, and the percentage of family heads of higher education. Eight coverage of health and social programs with accuracy changes in the prevalence of stunting toddlers at the Regencies/ Cities category improved 83,7% and Regencies/Cities category deteriorated 92.1% namely toddler weighing coverage ≥ 4 times, complete immunization coverage, ANC-K4 coverage, percentage of waste management carried by janitors, percentage of availability of family latrines, percentage of hand washing with soap, fiscal capacity index, and the percentage of family heads of civil servants
D-408
Depok : FKM-UI, 2019
S3 - Disertasi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Hananto Wiryo; Pembimbing: Abdus Samik Wahab, Pitono Soeparto, Mohammad Hakimi
D-128
Yogyakarta : UGM, 1996
S3 - Disertasi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ni Made Ayu Sri Ratna Sudewi; Promotor: Hasbullah Thabrany; Ko-Promotor: Budi Hidayat; Penguji: Ascobat Gani, Bambang; Aritonang Purwoko, Soewarta Kosen, Prastuti Soewondo, Mardiati Nadjib
D-280
Depok : FKM-UI, 2013
S3 - Disertasi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Firlia Ayu Arini; Promotor: Endang Laksminingsih Achadi; Kopromotor: Besral, Fasli Jalal; Penguji: Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Kusharisupeni Djokosujono, Hartono Gunardi, Atmarita, Suwarta Kosen
Abstrak:
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Latar Belakang : Seribu Hari Pertama Kehidupan (1000 HPK) merupakan periode emas bagi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang menentukan kualitas kesehatan anak pada daur kehidupan berikutnya. Hambatan pertumbuhan yang terjadi pada periode tersebut terutama karena kekurangan gizi, menyebabkan janin yang bersifat plastis menyesuaikan dengan membatasi tumbuh kembang. Beberapa studi longitudinal menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan lebih cepat setelah terjadinya hambatan pertumbuhan dapat menjadi faktor risiko tekanan darah tinggi pada usia remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh pertumbuhan cepat pada anak dengan riwayat hambatan pertumbuhan di usia 0-23 bulan terhadap tekanan darah pada usia 17-19 tahun. Metode : Data pada penelitian ini menggunakan hasil dari Indonesian Family Life Survey 1997,2000 dan 2014 yang diambil pada 13 provinsi di Indonesia. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara longitudinal dengan unit sampel rumah tangga dengan anak usia 0-23 bulan pada tahun 1997 kemudian diikuti pada tahun 2000 dan 2014. Pengukuran pertumbuhan cepat ditentukan dengan perubahan nilai z skor BB/U, PB/U atau TB/U, dan BB/TB antar tahun survei, yang lebih dari 0.67 poin. Tekanan darah diukur pada tahun 2014 yaitu saat anak berusia 17- 19 tahun. Besar sampel penelitian sebanyak 671 anak yang dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok yaitu 1.) anak normal, 2.) anak dengan hambatan pertumbuhan dan tidak tumbuh cepat,3.) anak dengan hambatan pertumbuhan diikuti tumbuh cepat. Analisis multivariat menggunakan GLM univariat dan Regresi Cox dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pertumbuhan cepat setelah terjadinya hambatan pertumbuhan pada 1000 HPK terhadap tekanan darah pada usia remaja. Hasil : Hasil analisis menunjukkan, anak yang tumbuh cepat menurut TB/U setelah mengalami hambatan pertumbuhan, memiliki rata-rata tekanan darah sistolik 4,61 mm Hg (CI: 1,38-7,84) lebih tinggi dan rata-rata tekanan darah diastolik 3,89 mm Hg (CI: 0,67-7,11) lebih tinggi, serta berisiko 1,58 (CI:0,83-2,33) kali mengalami tekanan darah tinggi dibanding anak yang normal setelah dikontrol faktor karakteristik anak, orang tua dan rumah tangga. Set Kesimpulan: Pertumbuhan cepat setelah terjadinya hambatan pertumbuhan di 1000 HPK meningkatkan risiko peningkatan tekanan darah pada usia remaja. Rekomendasi : Upaya pencegahan hambatan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada periode 1000 HPK bersama-sama dengan menerapkan pola makan bergizi seimbang pada anak berusia 2 tahun atau lebih, merupakan pencegahan yang sangat penting dalam menurunkan hipertensi pada remaja.
Background : The First Thousand Days of Life (1000 HPK) is a golden period for growth and development that determines the quality of children?s health in the next life cycle. The growth retardation that occurs in this period is mainly due to malnutrition, causing the plastic fetus to adjust to limiting growth and development. Several longitudinal studies have shown that faster growth after growth retardation might be a risk factor for high blood pressure in adolescence. This study aims to prove the effect of rapid growth in children with a history of growth retardation at the age of 0-23 months on blood pressure at the age of 17-19 years. Method: The data in this study used the results of the 1997,2000 and 2014 Indonesian Family Life Survey which were taken in 13 provinces in Indonesia. Data collection was carried out longitudinally with a sample unit of household with children aged 0-23 months as sample unit in 1997 followed in 2000 and 2014. The measurement of Rapid growth was determined by changes in the z score values of Weight for Age, Length/Height for Age, and Weight for Height inter-year survey, which is more than 0.67 points. Blood pressure was measured in 2014 when children were 17- 19 years old. The sample size of the study was 671 children who were divided into 3 groups, namely 1.) normal children, 2.) children with growth retardation and not growing fast,3.) children with growth retardation followed by fast growth. Multivariate analysis using univariate GLM and Cox Regression was carried out to analyze the effect of rapid growth after growth retardation at 1000 HPK on blood pressure in adolescents. Results: The result of analysis showed that, children who grew fast according to Height for Age U after experiencing growth retardation, had an average systolic blood pressure of 4,61 mmHg (CI: 1,38-7.84) higher and average diastolic blood pressure of 3,89 mmHg (CI: 0.67-7,11) higher, and 1,58 times of experiencing high blood pressure (CI:0,83-2,33)higher than normal children after controlling for characteristic of children, parents and household factors. Conclusion: Rapid growth after the occurrence of growth retardation in 1000 HPK increases the risk of increased blood pressure in adolescence. Recommendation: Efforts to prevent growth and development retardation in 1000 HPK together with implementing a balanced nutritious diet in children aged 2 years or older, are very important preventions in reducing hypertension in adolescents.
D-471
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S3 - Disertasi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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