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Underweight can be defined as low body weight due to consumption of nutrients that are not sufficient for a certain time. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors related to the nutritional status of children. This research is a quantitative research using a cross sectional research design, with a total sample of 356 samples. The analysis used univariate and bivariate. The independent variables studied in this study were infectious diseases, environmental hygiene, exclusive breastfeeding, maternal age, growth monitoring, use of health services, number of family members and smoking habits in the family. The dependent variable studied was underweight. Based on the results of the analysis of the nutritional status of children, it was found that children who had nutritional status were underweight, namely 25.5 percent (93 people). The results of statistical tests with chi-square test obtained analysis of infectious disease variables (p-value = 1,000), environmental sanitation (p-value = 0.157), exclusive breastfeeding (p-value = 0.491), maternal age (p-value = 1,000 ), number of children under five in one family (p-value = 0.396), number of family members (p-value = 0.330), growth monitoring (p-value = 0.396), utilization of health facilities (p-value = 0.815) and smoking habits in the family obtained (p-value = 1,000) the conclusion that there is no significant relationship with underweight. It is recommended to increase awareness in efforts to prevent child nutrition problems, to monitor children's growth regularly through weighing and the use of health services and to increase counseling and education programs on clean and healthy living behavior and the importance of a diverse and balanced diet.
Wasting is a form of acute malnutrition in children assessed using the Weight-for-Length indicator for ages 0-23 months and the Weight-for-Height indicator for ages 24-59 months. Children with wasting may experience impaired growth and development processes as well as an increased risk of mortality. Based on the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (Survei Kesehatan Indonesia/SKI), the prevalence of wasting in South Kalimantan reached 13,8%. This prevalence is higher than the national prevalence, which reached 9,2%. This study was conducted to identify the dominant factors associated with the incidence of wasting among children aged 0-23 months in South Kalimantan Province using a cross-sectional study design. The data used were from the 2023 SKI, with a sample size of 640 children aged 0-23 months who had complete data based on the survey results. The independent variables examined in this study were risk factors for wasting from various aspects, including child characteristics and health history, history of infectious diseases, food intake, parenting practices, parental and family factors, as well as sanitation and environmental factors. The frequency distribution of each variable was analyzed univariately, followed by bivariate analysis using the chi-square test, and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression. The results showed that the prevalence of wasting among children aged 0-23 months in South Kalimantan Province in 2023 reached 13.3%. This study found that the father's education level was a variable significantly associated with the incidence of wasting. The dominant factor associated with the incidence of wasting among children aged 0-23 months in South Kalimantan Province in 2023 was sex (aOR 3.28, 95% CI 1.178-9.152).
Fruit and vegetable consumption is one of the essential aspects of balanced nutrition. However, many people in Indonesia, including school-aged children, consume insufficient amounts of fruits and vegetables. Poor eating habits during childhood may develop serious health problems in the future. This study aimed to describe the consumption of fruits and vegetables and the factors associated with fruit and vegetable consumption among school-aged children (5–12 years old) in West Java Province in 2023. The study used data from the SKI 2023 with a cross-sectional design and sample of 7,086 individuals. Data were analyzed using SPSS and a set of computers. Based on univariate analysis, the average consumption of fruits and vegetables among school-aged children (5–12 years) in West Java Province was 0.85 servings per day over a week, with an average fruit consumption of 1.14 servings per day and an average vegetable consumption of 1.21 servings per day. Meanwhile, the factors that showed a significant relationship were gender, age, father's education level, mother's education level, father's employment status, mother's employment status, and economic status including social assistance recipient status with p<0.05 respectively, while place of residence showed an insignificant relationship with a p-value of 0.088 (p>0.05).
