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Shakila Aulia; Pembimbing: Zakianis; Penguji: Atik Nurwahyuni, Tiur Febrina Pohan
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Tuberkulosis masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia yang memerlukan pengobatan jangka panjang dan menuntut pasien untuk melakukan kunjungan rutin ke Fasilitas Kesehatan Pertama (FKTP). Namun, kajian yang membahas mengenai faktor sosial demografi, fasilitas kesehatan, dan lingkungan dengan frekuensi kunjungan tuberkulosis di FKTP melalui Program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan faktor sosial demografi, fasilitas kesehatan, dan faktor kesehatan lingkungan dengan frekuensi kunjungan peserta JKN akibat tuberkulosis ke FKTP tahun 2024. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan unit analisis individu serta provinsi. Analisis dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas peserta melakukan kunjungan tidak rutin ke FKTP. Pada analisis bivariat, usia, status pernikahan, jenis FKTP, kepemilikan FKTP, kondisi dinding, dan luas rumah per kapita berhubungan dengan frekuensi kunjungan tidak rutin. Pada analisis multivariat, kelompok usia anak, kelas rawat 2, jenis FKTP klinik, dan kondisi dinding yang tidak memenuhi syarat berhubungan secara signifikan, dengan jenis FKTP klinik merupakan faktor yang paling dominan. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya penguatan pemantauan pasien tuberkulosis di FKTP, penguatan integrasi antar layanan kesehatan, serta integrasi program pengendalian tuberkulosis dengan intervensi rumah sehat.
Kata kunci: fasilitas kesehatan, FKTP, frekuensi kunjungan, lingkungan, sosial demografi, tuberkulosis
Abstract
Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem in Indonesia, requiring long term treatment and regular visits to Primary Health Care Facilities (FKTP). However, studies examining the association between sociodmographic, health facility, and environmental factors with the frequency of tuberculosis-related FKTP visits under the National Health Insurance (JKN) program remain limited. This study aimed to analyze the association between sociodemographic factors, health facility characteristics, and environmental health factors and the frequency of visits among JKN participants with tuberculosis to FKTP in 2024. This study employed cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach, using individuals and provinces as the units of analysis. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate methods. The results showed that the majority of participants made irregular visits to FKTP. In the bivariate analysis, age, marital status, type of FKTP, FKTP ownership, wall condition, and housing area per capita were associated with the frequency of irregular visits. In the multivariate analysis, child age group, second-class inpatient care, clinic-type FKTP, and substandard wall conditions were significantly associated with irregular visit frequency, with clinic-type FKTP being the most dominant factor. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening tuberculosis patient monitoring at FKTP, improving integration across health services, and integrating tuberculosis control programs with healthy housing interventions.
Keywords: environment, frequency of visits, health facilities, primary health care, sociodemographic, tuberculosis
S-12239
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Rizka Suci Herawati; Pembimbing: Wiku Bakti Bawono Adisasmito; Penguji: Puput Oktamianti, Tiur Febrina Pohan
Abstrak:
Tuberkulosis (TB) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, khususnya di Provinsi Jawa Barat yang memiliki beban kasus tinggi. Pemanfaatan pelayanan TB di Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama (FKTP) penting untuk mendukung keberhasilan pengobatan dan pencapaian target eliminasi TB. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan utilisasi pelayanan tuberkulosis pada peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) di FKTP Jawa Barat tahun 2024. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan data sekunder Data Sampel BPJS Kesehatan Tahun 2025. Sampel penelitian terdiri atas 724 peserta JKN dengan diagnosis tuberkulosis (ICD-10 A15–A19). Analisis dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square, dan multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar peserta memiliki utilisasi pelayanan TB yang lebih rendah, ditandai dengan frekuensi kunjungan ke FKTP tidak lebih dari dua kali selama tahun 2024. Terdapat hubungan antara usia, status perkawinan, kepemilikan FKTP, jenis FKTP, segmen peserta, status pulang peserta, dan diagnosis tuberkulosis dengan utilisasi pelayanan TB. Peserta yang tidak dirujuk cenderung memiliki frekuensi kunjungan pelayanan TB yang lebih tinggi di FKTP dibandingkan peserta yang dirujuk. Setelah dikontrol dengan variabel lain, status pulang peserta merupakan faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan utilisasi pelayanan TB. Disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar peserta JKN penderita TB di Jawa Barat memiliki utilisasi pelayanan TB yang lebih rendah dan status pulang peserta merupakan faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan utilisasi pelayanan tersebut.
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Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in Indonesia, particularly in West Java Province, which has a high burden of TB cases. The utilization of TB services at Primary Health Care Facilities (FKTP) is essential to support treatment success and achieve TB elimination targets. This study aimed to analyze factors associated with tuberculosis service utilization among National Health Insurance (JKN) participants at FKTPs in West Java in 2024. A cross-sectional study design was employed using secondary data from the 2025 BPJS Kesehatan Sample Data. The study sample consisted of 724 JKN participants diagnosed with tuberculosis (ICD-10 A15–A19). Data were analyzed using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with the chi-square test, and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression. The results showed that most participants had lower TB service utilization, characterized by no more than two visits to FKTPs during 2024. Significant associations were found between age, marital status, FKTP ownership, type of FKTP, participant segment, discharge status, tuberculosis diagnosis, and TB service utilization. Participants who were not referred tended to have a higher frequency of TB service visits at FKTPs than those who were referred. After controlling for other variables, discharge status was identified as the factor most strongly associated with TB service utilization. In conclusion, most JKN participants with TB in West Java had lower TB service utilization, and discharge status was the factor most strongly associated with such utilization.
S-12293
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Resa Lisardi Dwiranti; Pembimbing: Atik Nurwahyuni; Penguji: Pujiyanto, Khaterina Kristina Manurung
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Low Back Pain merupakan salah satu penyebab utama disabilitas yang membutuhkan penanganan rehabilitasi medik jangka panjang. Namun, frekuensi kunjungan rehabilitasi medik pada pasien LBP peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) masih belum optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran frekuensi kunjungan dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan frekuensi kunjungan rehabilitasi medik pada pasien Low Back Pain peserta JKN di Fasilitas Kesehatan Rujukan Tingkat Lanjut (FKRTL). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif non-eksperimental dengan desain cross sectional yang dilakukan pada Februari–Juni 2025 menggunakan data sekunder dari Data Sampel BPJS Kesehatan tahun 2024. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar pasien Low Back Pain (65,1%) melakukan kunjungan rehabilitasi medik dengan frekuensi rendah, yang mencerminkan ketidakpatuhan terhadap terapi. Variabel usia, jenis kelamin, status perkawinan, wilayah dan jenis wilayah tempat tinggal peserta, kelas hak rawat, segmentasi peserta, tipe FKRTL, dan status kepemilikan FKRTL memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap frekuensi kunjungan rehabilitasi medik (p < 0,05). Temuan ini menunjukkan perlunya penguatan sistem pemantauan terhadap utilisasi layanan rehabilitasi medik, baik untuk menangani ketidakpatuhan maupun mengidentifikasi potensi overutilization pada fasilitas atau segmen pasien tertentu.
Low Back Pain is one of the leading causes of disability that often requires long-term medical rehabilitation. However, the frequency of rehabilitation visits among Low Back Pain patients enrolled in the National Health Insurance (JKN) program remains suboptimal. This study aims to describe the visit frequency and analyze the factors associated with the frequency of medical rehabilitation visits among JKN participants with Low Back Pain at referral health facilities (FKRTL). This is a non-experimental quantitative study with a cross-sectional design conducted from February to June 2025, using secondary data from the 2024 BPJS Kesehatan Sample Data. The results showed that the majority of LBP patients (65,1%) had a low frequency of rehabilitation visits, indicating poor adherence to therapy. Variables such as age, gender, marital status, residential region and area type, class of care entitlement, participant segmentation, type of FKRTL, and ownership status of FKRTL were significantly associated with the frequency of rehabilitation visits (p < 0.05). These findings highlight the need to strengthen monitoring systems for the utilization of medical rehabilitation services, both to address non-adherence and to identify potential overutilization in specific facilities or patient segments.
Low Back Pain is one of the leading causes of disability that often requires long-term medical rehabilitation. However, the frequency of rehabilitation visits among Low Back Pain patients enrolled in the National Health Insurance (JKN) program remains suboptimal. This study aims to describe the visit frequency and analyze the factors associated with the frequency of medical rehabilitation visits among JKN participants with Low Back Pain at referral health facilities (FKRTL). This is a non-experimental quantitative study with a cross-sectional design conducted from February to June 2025, using secondary data from the 2024 BPJS Kesehatan Sample Data. The results showed that the majority of LBP patients (65,1%) had a low frequency of rehabilitation visits, indicating poor adherence to therapy. Variables such as age, gender, marital status, residential region and area type, class of care entitlement, participant segmentation, type of FKRTL, and ownership status of FKRTL were significantly associated with the frequency of rehabilitation visits (p < 0.05). These findings highlight the need to strengthen monitoring systems for the utilization of medical rehabilitation services, both to address non-adherence and to identify potential overutilization in specific facilities or patient segments.
S-12092
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Putri Maharani Zhafirah Khotib; ;Pembimbing: Kurnia Sari; Penguji: Puput Oktamianti, Erfan Chandra Nugraha
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Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit kronis yang memerlukan pemantauan berkelanjutan melalui pelayanan kesehatan primer. Pola keteraturan kunjungan Rawat Jalan Tingkat Pertama (RJTP) menjadi salah satu indikator pemanfaatan layanan yang penting dalam mendukung pengendalian penyakit dan pencegahan komplikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gambaran pola keteraturan kunjungan RJTP serta hubungan faktor predisposisi dan faktor pemungkin dengan pola keteraturan kunjungan tersebut pada peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) penderita DM usia produktif di DKI Jakarta tahun 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder Data Sampel BPJS Kesehatan Tahun 2025 yang mencakup periode pelayanan Januari–Desember 2024. Sampel penelitian terdiri atas 2.074 peserta aktual yang merepresentasikan estimasi sampel terbobot sebanyak 25.470 peserta usia 15–64 tahun dengan diagnosis DMT1 maupun DMT2. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan regresi logistik sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas peserta (90,5%) termasuk dalam kategori tidak rutin melakukan kunjungan RJTP berdasarkan definisi operasional penelitian. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa seluruh variabel independen, yaitu usia, jenis kelamin, status perkawinan, segmen kepesertaan, jenis FKTP, dan kepemilikan FKTP, tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik dengan pola keteraturan kunjungan RJTP (p-value > 0,05). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ketidakteraturan kunjungan RJTP yang tercatat dalam data klaim ditemukan pada sebagian besar peserta JKN usia produktif dengan DM di DKI Jakarta, dan belum dapat dijelaskan oleh variabel predisposisi maupun pemungkin yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini. Diperlukan penguatan peran FKTP dalam pemantauan peserta DM, optimalisasi sistem pengingat kunjungan, serta evaluasi hambatan layanan untuk meningkatkan kesinambungan pengelolaan DM di pelayanan primer.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that requires continuous monitoring through primary healthcare services. The pattern of regularity of Primary Outpatient Care (POC) visits is an important indicator of service utilization in supporting disease control and preventing complications. This study aimed to analyze the pattern of regularity of POC visits and the association between predisposing and enabling factors and visit regularity among productive-age National Health Insurance (JKN) participants with DM in DKI Jakarta in 2024. This study employed a cross-sectional design using secondary data from the 2025 BPJS Kesehatan Sample Data, covering services from January to December 2024. The study sample consisted of 2,074 actual participants, representing a weighted estimate of 25,470 participants aged 15–64 years diagnosed with T1DM or T2DM. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with simple logistic regression. The results showed that the majority of participants (90.5%) were classified as having irregular POC visits based on the study’s operational definition. Bivariate analysis revealed that all independent variables, namely age, sex, marital status, membership segment, type of primary healthcare facility, and facility ownership, were not significantly associated with the pattern of regularity of POC visits (p-value > 0.05). These findings indicate that irregular POC visits recorded in claims data were observed among most productive-age JKN participants with DM in DKI Jakarta and were not explained by the predisposing and enabling variables analyzed in this study. Strengthening the role of primary healthcare facilities in monitoring DM patients, optimizing appointment reminder systems, and evaluating service barriers are needed to support sustainable DM management in primary care.
S-12441
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Annisa Shakia Az Zahra; Pembimbing: Atik Nurwahyuni; Penguji: Budi Hidayat, Khaterina Kristina Manurung
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Secara global kanker paru merupakan tiga terbesar kasus penyakit kanker di dunia dan menempati urutan pertama sebagai penyebab kematian akibat penyakit kanker pada laki laki dan perempuan (Globocan, 2022) Di Indonesia, kanker paru menjadi penyebab utama kematian akibat kanker di samping kanker payudara dan kanker kolorektal (WHO, 2022). Kanker paru ditempatkan sebagai beban utama biaya pengobatan yang bersifat katastropik dengan menyerap anggaran besar dari total belanja kesehatan negara dalam Diasease Account 2023. Besaran biaya klaim penyakit kanker paru sangat ditentukan oleh berbagai faktor yang memengaruhi tingkat keparahan dan intensitas pemanfaatan layanan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan analisis untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan biaya kanker paru. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan Data Sampel BPJS Kesehatan dengan desain cross sectional. Hasil: Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara usia, jenis kelamin, segmen kepesertaan, hak kelas rawat, metastasis, kunjungan rawat inap, kunjungan rawat jalan, kepemilikan rumah sakit, tipe rumah sakit, dan wilayah regional FKRTL dengan biaya klaim. Faktor yang paling berhubungan yaitu metastasis (p value <0,001; AOR 11,045). Kesimpulan: Diperlukan peningkatan deteksi dini melalui skrining nasional, pemerataan akses, dan peninjauan tarif INA CBGs
Lung cancer is among the three most common cancers worldwide and remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in both men and women (GLOBOCAN, 2022). In Indonesia, lung cancer is one of the primary causes of cancer deaths, alongside breast and colorectal cancer (WHO, 2022). It also represents a major catastrophic health expenditure, accounting for a substantial proportion of national healthcare spending as reported in the Disease Account 2023. The magnitude of lung cancer treatment costs is influenced by various factors related to disease severity and healthcare utilization. Therefore, an analysis is needed to identify factors associated with lung cancer treatment costs. Methods: This study used secondary data from the BPJS Kesehatan Sample Data and employed a cross-sectional study design. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify factors associated with lung cancer claim costs. Results: Significant associations were found between age, sex, membership segment, inpatient class entitlement, metastasis status, inpatient visits, outpatient visits, hospital ownership, hospital type, and regional referral healthcare facility (FKRTL) location with lung cancer claim costs. Metastasis was identified as the factor most strongly associated with high claim costs (p-value < 0.001; AOR = 11.045). Conclusion: Strengthening early detection through a national lung cancer screening program, improving equitable access to healthcare services, and reviewing INA-CBGs tariffs are recommended to reduce the economic burden of lung cancer and improve the efficiency of healthcare financing under the National Health Insurance (JKN) system.
S-12403
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Athaya Rofifah Fajriah; Pembimbing: Zakianis; Penguji: Atik Nurwahyuni, Yulia Fitriani
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Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) masih menjadi penyebab utama kunjungan layanan kesehatan primer di Indonesia. Data menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah kunjungan ISPA, baik pada Rawat Inap Tingkat Pertama (RITP) maupun Rawat Jalan Tingkat Pertama (RJTP), dengan rata-rata tahunan masing-masing sebesar 3,7 juta dan 19,3 juta kunjungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara faktor sosiodemografi individu (usia, jenis kelamin, segmentasi peserta, kelas rawat) serta faktor keehatan lingkungan tingkat kabupaten/kota (kepadatan penduduk, tempat tinggal, curah hujan, suhu rata-rata, kelembapan udara, dan kecepatan angin) dan tingkat provinsi (ISPU) terhadap jumlah kunjungan ISPA di Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama (FKTP) rawat jalan Program JKN tahun 2023. Desain penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional, menggunakan unit analisis individu dan agregat wilayah. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa variabel usia, jenis kelamin, segmentasi peserta, kelas rawat, kepadatan penduduk, tempat tinggal, suhu, kelembapan relatif, dan ISPU memiliki hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik terhadap kunjungan ISPA di FKTP lebih dari sekali. Pada analisis multivariat, faktor usia, segmentasi peserta, kepadatan penduduk, suhu, dan kecepatan angin berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kunjungan peserta ISPA ke FKTP. Variabel yang paling berpengaruh dalam model ini adalah usia balita. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya pendekatan multi-level dalam upaya pengendalian ISPA melalui intervensi berbasis individu dan lingkungan.
Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) remain a leading cause of visits to primary healthcare services in Indonesia. Data show an increase in ARI visits, both inpatient and outpatient at the primary level, with an average annual total of 3.7 million and 19.3 million visits, respectively. This study aims to analyze the relationship between individual sociodemographic factors (age, gender, participant segmentation, and treatment class), environmental health factors at the district/city level (population density, residence type, rainfall, average temperature, humidity, and wind speed), and provincial level factors (Air Pollution Standard Index, ISPU) on the number of ARI visits to Primary Healthcare Facilities (FKTP) outpatient services under the JKN program in 2023. This quantitative study uses a cross-sectional design, with individual and regional aggregate units of analysis. Bivariate analysis results show that age, gender, participant segmentation, treatment class, population density, residence, temperature, relative humidity, and ISPU have a statistically significant relationship with ARI visits to FKTP more than once. Multivariate analysis further reveals that age, participant segmentation, population density, temperature, and wind speed are significantly associated with ARI visits to FKTP. The most influential variable in the model is the age group of children under five. These findings highlight the importance of a multi-level approach in controlling ARI through both individual and environmentbased interventions.
Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) remain a leading cause of visits to primary healthcare services in Indonesia. Data show an increase in ARI visits, both inpatient and outpatient at the primary level, with an average annual total of 3.7 million and 19.3 million visits, respectively. This study aims to analyze the relationship between individual sociodemographic factors (age, gender, participant segmentation, and treatment class), environmental health factors at the district/city level (population density, residence type, rainfall, average temperature, humidity, and wind speed), and provincial level factors (Air Pollution Standard Index, ISPU) on the number of ARI visits to Primary Healthcare Facilities (FKTP) outpatient services under the JKN program in 2023. This quantitative study uses a cross-sectional design, with individual and regional aggregate units of analysis. Bivariate analysis results show that age, gender, participant segmentation, treatment class, population density, residence, temperature, relative humidity, and ISPU have a statistically significant relationship with ARI visits to FKTP more than once. Multivariate analysis further reveals that age, participant segmentation, population density, temperature, and wind speed are significantly associated with ARI visits to FKTP. The most influential variable in the model is the age group of children under five. These findings highlight the importance of a multi-level approach in controlling ARI through both individual and environmentbased interventions.
S-12001
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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F.X. Agus Budiyono; Pembimbing: Ririn Arminsih Wulandari, Adang Bachtiar
T-1660
Depok : FKM UI, 2003
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Alya Haidar Hanun; Pembimbing: Ririn Arminsih Wulandari; Penguji: Budi Hartono, Yulia Fitria Ningrum
Abstrak:
ISPA (Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut) merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas anak balita di seluruh dunia, khususnya di negara berkembang. Di Kelurahan Sukamaju Baru, kasus ISPA balita menunjukkan tren peningkatan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, dengan puncak kasus terjadi pada tahun 2022 yaitu sebanyak 5.135 kasus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian ISPA pada balita di Kelurahan Sukamaju Baru pada tahun 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kasus kontrol dengan total sampel sebanyak 140, yang terdiri atas 70 kelompok kasus dan 70 kelompok kontrol. Kelompok kasus adalah balita yang didiagnosa ISPA oleh tenaga kesehatan di Puskesmas Sukamaju Baru, sedangkan kelompok kontrol adalah balita yang tidak didiagnosa ISPA dan tinggal di wilayah RW yang sama dengan kelompok kasus. Analisis data mencakup analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square dan analisis multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik berganda berbasis model determinan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 15 variabel yang diteliti, ditemukan 8 variabel yang memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian ISPA pada balita yaitu variabel status imunisasi (OR = 2,20), pengetahuan (OR = 2,39), kebiasaan membakar sampah (OR = 0,35), jenis dinding (OR = 2,36), luas ventilasi kamar (OR = 2,71), kepadatan hunian (OR = 2,48), kelembapan (OR = 3,27) dan pencahayaan alami (OR = 2,14), serta ditemukan variabel luas ventilasi kamar menjadi variabel dominan yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian ISPA pada balita. Penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa sebagian besar faktor risiko ISPA pada balita di Kelurahan Sukamaju Baru berasal dari faktor lingkungan fisik rumah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya lebih lanjut untuk meningkatkan cakupan rumah sehat di wilayah ini, dengan fokus utama berupa penambahan luas ventilasi.
Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five worldwide, particularly in developing countries. In Sukamaju Baru Village, ARI cases among children under five have shown an increasing trend in recent years, peaking in 2022 with 5,135 cases. This study aims to identify the most influential factors associated with ARI incidence among children under five in Sukamaju Baru Village in 2024. This research employs a case-control study design with a total sample of 140, consisting of 70 cases and 70 controls. The case group comprises children under five diagnosed with ARI by healthcare workers at the Sukamaju Baru Public Health Center, while the control group includes children under five who were not diagnosed with ARI and resided in the same neighborhood unit (RW) as the case group. Data analysis includes bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test and multivariate analysis using a multiple logistic regression model based on determinant factors. The results of this study indicate that out of 15 variables examined, 8 were found to be significantly associated with ARI incidence among children under five. These variables include immunization status (OR = 2.20), maternal knowledge (OR = 2.39), waste-burning habits (OR = 0.35), wall type (OR = 2.36), bedroom ventilation area (OR = 2.71), household density (OR = 2.48), humidity (OR = 3.27), and natural lighting (OR = 2.14). Among these, the bedroom ventilation area was identified as the most dominant factor influencing ARI incidence. This study highlights that most ARI risk factors for children under five in Sukamaju Baru Village are related to the physical environment of the home. Therefore, further efforts are needed to improve the prevalence of healthy homes in the area, with a primary focus on increasing ventilation area.
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Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five worldwide, particularly in developing countries. In Sukamaju Baru Village, ARI cases among children under five have shown an increasing trend in recent years, peaking in 2022 with 5,135 cases. This study aims to identify the most influential factors associated with ARI incidence among children under five in Sukamaju Baru Village in 2024. This research employs a case-control study design with a total sample of 140, consisting of 70 cases and 70 controls. The case group comprises children under five diagnosed with ARI by healthcare workers at the Sukamaju Baru Public Health Center, while the control group includes children under five who were not diagnosed with ARI and resided in the same neighborhood unit (RW) as the case group. Data analysis includes bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test and multivariate analysis using a multiple logistic regression model based on determinant factors. The results of this study indicate that out of 15 variables examined, 8 were found to be significantly associated with ARI incidence among children under five. These variables include immunization status (OR = 2.20), maternal knowledge (OR = 2.39), waste-burning habits (OR = 0.35), wall type (OR = 2.36), bedroom ventilation area (OR = 2.71), household density (OR = 2.48), humidity (OR = 3.27), and natural lighting (OR = 2.14). Among these, the bedroom ventilation area was identified as the most dominant factor influencing ARI incidence. This study highlights that most ARI risk factors for children under five in Sukamaju Baru Village are related to the physical environment of the home. Therefore, further efforts are needed to improve the prevalence of healthy homes in the area, with a primary focus on increasing ventilation area.
S-11820
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Blasius Bayu Widiastono Wiranto; Pembimbing: Siti Arifah Pujonarti; Penguji: Triyanti, Anna Fitriani
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Latar belakang: Perilaku pengendalian berat badan merupakan sikap, tindakan, atau upaya yang dilakukan oleh individu untuk menjaga, menurunkan, atau mencapai berat badan yang diinginkan, dimana perilaku pengendalian berat badan yang tidak sehat dapat memberikan dampak negatif dan membahayakan diri. Penelitian di tahun 2022 menunjukan bahwa setidaknya 16,9% atlet remaja melakukan pengendalian berat badan yang tidak sehat. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku pengendalian berat badan pada atlet remaja di PPOP DKI Jakarta. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 201 yang dipilih menggunakan systematic random sampling. Hasil: Penelitian menunjukan bahwa 21,9% atlet remaja di PPOP DKI Jakarta memiliki perilaku pengendalian berat badan yang tidak sehat. Analisis bivariat menunjukan hubungan yang signifikan antara status gizi (p=0,049 ; OR=2,436 dan 0,678), persepsi berat badan (p = 0,000 ; OR = 1,614 dan 5,897), dan pengaruh keluarga (p=0,013 ; OR=2,413) dengan perilaku pengendalian berat badan yang tidak sehat. Kesimpulan: Institusi tempat atlet berlatih dapat melakukan edukasi kepada atlet dan orang tua atlet, dan meningkatkan peran tenaga profesional melalui konseling kepada para atlet yang diikuti dengan peningkatan ketaatan atlet pada pedoman makan yang telah disediakan institusi.
Background: Weight control behavior refers to attitudes, actions, or efforts undertaken by individuals to maintain, reduce, or achieve a desired body weight. Unhealthy weight control behaviors can have negative and harmful effects. A study in 2022 showed that at least 16.9% of adolescent athletes engaged in unhealthy weight control behaviors. Objective: This study aims to describe and identify factors associated with weight control behaviors among adolescent athletes at PPOP DKI Jakarta. Methods: This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 201 participants selected through systematic random sampling. Results: The study found that 21.9% of adolescent athletes at PPOP DKI Jakarta exhibited unhealthy weight control behaviors. Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between nutritional status (p=0.049; OR=2.436 and 0.678), weight perception (p=0.000; OR=1.614 and 5.897), and family influence (p=0.013; OR=2.413) with unhealthy weight control behavior. Conclusion: Institutions where athletes train can provide education to athletes and their parents and enhance the role of professionals through counseling for athletes. This should be accompanied by improved adherence to dietary guidelines provided by the institution.
S-11860
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Anissa Luthfita Yuliana Dewi; Pembimbing: Dumilah Ayuningtyas; Penguji: Vetty Yulianty Permanasari, Khaterina Kristina Manurung
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Latar belakang: Tuberkulosis dan HIV merupakan dua penyakit menular utama yang berdampak signifikan terhadap kesehatan global. Indonesia sebagai negara dengan beban TB tertinggi kedua di dunia, juga menghadapi tantangan besar dalam penanganan koinfeksi TB/HIV. Sistem Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) di Indonesia memainkan peran penting dalam pembiayaan perawatan kesehatan bagi penderita TB dan HIV. Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian dan pembiayaan TB dan HIV pada peserta JKN tahun 2022. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan studi cross-sectional menggunakan data sampel BPJS Kesehatan tahun 2023. Sampel penelitian ini adalah peserta dengan diagnosis TB dan HIV pada pelayanan FKRTL. Hasil: Dari 16.788 peserta JKN yang didiagnosis TB dan HIV, terdapat 111 peserta (0,7%) yang mengalami koinfeksi TB/HIV. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian koinfeksi TB/HIV meliputi status perkawinan, segmen kepesertaan, tingkat keparahan penyakit, kepadatan penduduk, standar IKLH, dan persentase merokok. Total biaya perawatan yang dikeluarkan BPJS Kesehatan untuk pasien TB dan HIV mencapai Rp153.556.088.667, dengan Rp328.693.493 di antaranya dialokasikan untuk pasien dengan koinfeksi TB/HIV, di mana 99% dari biaya tersebut digunakan untuk pelayanan rawat inap tingkat lanjut (RITL). Kesimpulan: Seluruh variabel berhubungan dengan pembiayaan pasien dengan koinfeksi TB/HIV.
Background: uberculosis (TB) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are major infectious diseases with significant global health impacts. Indonesia, with the second-highest TB burden worldwide, faces challenges in managing TB/HIV coinfection. The National Health Insurance (JKN) system is crucial in financing healthcare for TB and HIV patients. Objective: To identify factors associated with the incidence and financing of TB and HIV among JKN participants in 2022. Methods: This quantitative cross-sectional study used 2023 BPJS Kesehatan sample data, focusing on participants diagnosed with TB and HIV at Advanced Referral Health Facilities (FKRTL). Results: Out of 16,788 JKN participants diagnosed with TB and HIV, 111 participants (0.7%) were found to have TB/HIV coinfection. Bivariate analysis indicated that factors associated with the incidence of TB/HIV coinfection include marital status, membership segment, disease severity, population density, environmental quality index (IKLH), and smoking percentage. The total healthcare costs incurred by BPJS Kesehatan for TB and HIV patients amounted to Rp153,556,088,667, with Rp328,693,493 allocated for patients with TB/HIV coinfection. Of this, 99% of the costs were used for advanced inpatient care (RITL). Conclusion: All variables were associated with the healthcare costs for patients with TB/HIV coinfection.
S-11699
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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