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Syifa Putri Mahirah; Pembimbing: Indri Hapsari Susilowati; Penguji: Abdul Kadir, Maemuna
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Sektor konstruksi masih menjadi salah satu sektor dengan angka kecelakaan tertinggi. Sebagian besar kecelakaan tersebut berhubungan dengan kejadian unsafe action yang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, salah satunya yaitu safety climate. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis safety climate berdasarkan karakteristik organisasi, pekerjaan, dan individu pada Proyek Infrastruktur Y PT X yang belum pernah melakukan penilaian safety climate. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross-sectional. Sebanyak 192 sampel ditentukan menggunakan teknik stratified random sampling dan data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner yang diadaptasi dari NOSACQ-50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Proyek Y PT X memperoleh skor rata-rata sebesar 3,28 dan termasuk dalam kategori cukup baik. Persepsi pekerja di tingkat organisasi menunjukkan skor terendah dibandingkan persepsi pekerja di tingkat individu dan pekerjaan. Peningkatan perlu dilakukan pada dimensi mengenai pemberdayaan keselamatan oleh manajemen dan keadilan keselamatan oleh manajemen. Secara keseluruhan, dimensi komitmen pekerja terhadap keselamatan memiliki skor tertinggi, sedangkan dimensi prioritas keselamatan pekerja dan penolakan risiko memiliki skor terendah. Perbedaan persepsi safety climate ditemukan pada beberapa dimensi berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan, masa kerja, posisi/jabatan, dan jenis pemberi kerja. Perusahaan perlu meningkatkan keterlibatan pekerja dalam pengambilan keputusan keselamatan, memperkuat budaya pelaporan yang adil, serta meningkatkan pemahaman pekerja terhadap risiko dan bahaya di tempat kerja.
The construction sector remains one of the sectors with the highest accident rates. Most of these accidents are related to unsafe actions influenced by various factors, one of which is the safety climate. This study aims to analyze the safety climate based on organizational, job, and personal characteristics at Infrastructure Project Y of PT X, which has never conducted a safety climate assessment. This study employs a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional study design. A total of 192 participants were selected using stratified random sampling, and data were collected via a questionnaire adapted from the NOSACQ-50. The results indicate that Project Y at PT X achieved an average score of 3.28, placing it in the “fairly good” category. Workers’ perceptions at the organizational level scored the lowest compared to those at the personal and job levels. Improvements are needed in the dimensions of safety empowerment by management and safety fairness by management. Overall, the dimension of workers’ safety commitment had the highest score, while the dimensions of workers’ safety priority and risk non-acceptance had the lowest scores. Differences in perceptions of safety climate were found across several dimensions based on level of education, length of work, position level, and type of employer. Companies need to increase worker involvement in safety decision-making, strengthen a just culture of reporting, and improve workers’ understanding of workplace risks and hazards.
S-12421
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Naura Khashia Cyrilla; Pembimbing: Zulkifli Djunaidi; Penguji: Mufti Wirawan, Akbar Satria Bakti
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Sektor konstruksi merupakan salah satu sektor dengan tingkat risiko kecelakaan kerja yang tinggi, di mana iklim keselamatan organisasi diyakini berperan penting dalam membentuk perilaku keselamatan pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara iklim keselamatan dengan perilaku keselamatan melalui pengetahuan keselamatan dan motivasi keselamatan pada pekerja Proyek Y PT X tahun 2026, menggunakan kuesioner yang diadaptasi dari Griffin dan Neal (2000, 2006) sebagai data utama. Penelitian dilakukan pada 218 responden dengan desain cross sectional, dan data dianalisis menggunakan path analysis serta uji Sobel untuk menguji peran mediasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa iklim keselamatan berada pada kategori tinggi (mean = 3,45), dengan dimensi management values sebagai kontributor tertinggi (3,52) dan safety training sebagai yang terendah (3,39). Pengetahuan keselamatan (3,43) dan motivasi keselamatan (3,46) juga berada pada kategori tinggi, dengan motivasi keselamatan menjadi nilai rata-rata tertinggi dan pengetahuan keselamatan menjadi nilai rata-rata terendah di antara seluruh variabel. Perilaku keselamatan berada pada kategori tinggi (3,44) dengan dimensi safety compliance (3,48) lebih tinggi dibandingkan safety participation (3,38). Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa baik pengetahuan keselamatan (z = 9,134; p < 0,001) maupun motivasi keselamatan (z = 11,276; p < 0,001) sama-sama terbukti memediasi secara signifikan hubungan antara iklim keselamatan dan perilaku keselamatan. Berdasarkan demografi, terdapat variasi yang menarik: responden perempuan menilai keempat variabel keselamatan lebih positif dibandingkan laki-laki, kelompok usia 17–25 tahun menunjukkan iklim dan perilaku keselamatan tertinggi sementara kelompok usia 46–55 tahun memperoleh pengetahuan keselamatan terendah dan masuk kategori cukup baik, kelompok manajemen menilai seluruh variabel paling positif, dan kelompok berpendidikan SD/Sederajat berada pada kategori cukup baik untuk seluruh variabel. Temuan kunci penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa baik pengetahuan keselamatan maupun motivasi keselamatan sama-sama berperan sebagai jalur mediasi yang signifikan dalam membentuk perilaku keselamatan pekerja. Temuan ini menyarankan agar PT X terus memperkuat program-program yang membangun pengetahuan keselamatan maupun motivasi keselamatan pekerja secara seimbang, sebagai bagian integral dari strategi peningkatan perilaku keselamatan di proyek konstruksi.
Construction is one of the sectors with a high risk of work-related accidents, in which organizational safety climate is believed to play an important role in shaping workers' safety behavior. This study aims to analyze the relationship between safety climate and safety behavior through safety knowledge and safety motivation among workers at Project Y of PT X in 2026, using a questionnaire adapted from Griffin and Neal (2000, 2006) as the primary data source. The study was conducted on 218 respondents using a cross-sectional design, with data analyzed using path analysis and the Sobel test to examine the mediating role of the variables. The results show that safety climate falls into the high category (mean = 3.45), with the management values dimension as the highest contributor (3.52) and safety training as the lowest (3.39). Safety knowledge (3.43) and safety motivation (3.46) also fall into the high category, with safety motivation recording the highest mean score and safety knowledge the lowest mean score among all variables. Safety behavior falls into the high category (3.44), with safety compliance (3.48) higher than safety participation (3.38). Hypothesis testing results indicate that both safety knowledge (z = 9.134; p < 0.001) and safety motivation (z = 11.276; p < 0.001) significantly mediate the relationship between safety climate and safety behavior. Based on demographics, interesting variations were found: female respondents rated all four safety variables more positively than males; the 17–25 age group showed the highest safety climate and safety behavior scores while the 46–55 age group recorded the lowest safety knowledge score (falling into the moderately good category); the management group rated all variables most positively; and the SD/equivalent education group fell into the moderately good category across all variables. The key findings of this study indicate that both safety knowledge and safety motivation serve as significant mediating pathways in shaping workers' safety behavior. These findings suggest that PT X should continue to strengthen programs that build both safety knowledge and safety motivation in a balanced manner, as integral components of the strategy to enhance safety behavior in construction projects.
S-12453
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Sri Pratiwi Ranteallo; Pembimbing: Fatma Lestari; Penguji: Abdul Kadir, Dwitya Dhanurendra
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Pendahuluan: Sektor konstruksi merupakan salah satu sektor dengan risiko kecelakaan kerja yang tinggi baik secara global maupun nasional. Tingginya angka kecelakaan kerja dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, termasuk perilaku tidak aman dan kondisi safety climate di tempat kerja. Safety climate mencerminkan persepsi pekerja terhadap komitmen organisasi dalam penerapan keselamatan yang membentuk perilaku keselamatan pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis profil safety climate pada proyek pembangunan apartemen PT X Tahun 2026 serta menganalisis perbedaan tingkat safety climate berdasarkan karakteristik demografi pekerja. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross – sectional, metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner oleh Lestari et al. (2020). Jumlah sampel sebanyak 74 responden menggunakan teknik stratified random sampling. Analisis data responden dengan analisis univariat (deskriptif) dan bivariat (Uji Kruskal – Wallis). Hasil: Secara umum profil safety climate pada proyek pembangunan apartemen PT X tahun 2026 termasuk kategori baik (5,05 dari 6,00). Dimensi tertinggi adalah komunikasi keselamatan sedangkan dimensi terendah adalah aturan dan prosedur. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada tingkat safety climate berdasarkan karakteristik demografi pekerja. Kesimpulan: PT X telah menunjukkan komitmennya melalui pelaksanaan program keselamatan di area proyek Dibutuhkan upaya untuk meningkatkan persepsi pekerja terkait keselamatan kerja khususnya penerapan aturan dan prosedur kerja.
Introduction: The construction sector is one of the sectors with a high risk of workplace accidents, both globally and nationally. The high rate of workplace accidents is influenced by various factors, including unsafe behavior and the safety climate in the workplace. The safety climate reflects workers’ perceptions of the organization’s commitment to safety implementation, which shapes workers’ safety behavior. This study aims to analyze the safety climate profile in PT X’s 2026 apartment construction project and to analyze differences in safety climate levels based on workers’ demographic characteristics. Methods: This study employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design; data collection utilized a questionnaire adapted from Lestari et al. (2020). The sample consisted of 74 respondents selected via stratified random sampling. Respondent data were analyzed using univariate (descriptive) and bivariate (Kruskal–Wallis test) analyses. Results: Overall, the safety climate profile for PT X’s 2026 apartment construction project falls into the “good” category (5.05 out of 6.00). The highest-scoring dimension was safety communication, while the lowest-scoring dimension was rules and procedures. There were significant differences in safety climate levels based on workers’ demographic characteristics. Conclusion: PT X has demonstrated its commitment through the implementation of safety programs at the project site. Efforts are needed to improve workers’ perceptions regarding workplace safety, particularly regarding the implementation of work rules and procedures.
S-12450
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Alfina Hapsari; Pembimbing: Dadan Erwandi; Penguji: Zulkifli Djunaidi, Indri Hapsari Susilowati, M. Mushanif Mukti, Mohammad Rifki Rosady
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ABSTRAK Nama : Alfina Hapsari Program Studi : Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja Judul : Analisis Safety Leadership Pada Posisi Unit Pelaksana, Unit Pengelolaan Konstruksi, Pimpinan Proyek, Pimpinan Divisi, dan Pimpinan Departemen Operasi Proyek Infrastruktur di PT.X (Kontraktor Konstruksi) Tahun 2018 Pembimbing : Dadan Erwandi, S.Psi., M.Psi Industri jasa konstruksi memiliki resiko kecelakaan kerja yang tinggi. Sepanjang Agustus 2017 hingga Februari 2018, telah terjadi tiga belas kecelakaan konstruksi dengan tiga kasus fatality accident pada proyek pekerjaan jalan tol dan jalan rel di Indonesia. Safety leadership merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam meningkatkan kinerja Kesehatan, Keselamatan, Keamanan dan Lingkungan (K3L). Penelitian ini mengkaji safety leadership model pada posisi pimpinan di proyek dan departemen operasi proyek infrastruktur PT X yang bergerak di bidang kontraktor konstruksi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan metode kuantitatif berdasarkan dua variabel utama dari safety leadership, yaitu leadership style (transformational leadership) dan best practices. Data penelitian didapatkan dari kuesioner dan wawancara pada subyek penelitian serta observasi mengenai penerapan K3L di lokasi proyek PT X pada bulan April – Mei 2018. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa safety leadership masih kurang menonjol kecuali pada posisi General Manager. Hal ini dikarenakan kurangnya pemahaman mengenai kebijakan K3L, kurangnya komunikasi, lemahnya konsistensi dan komitmen penerapan K3L, serta kurangnya tindakan proaktif dan inisiatif saat menghadapi masalah K3L. Hal yang dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatkan safety leadership tersebut antara lain dengan menyusun dan melaksanakan program pelatihan safety leadership bagi semua level pimpinan serta menjaga monitoring pelaksanaan program K3L di tempat kerja. Kata kunci: Safety Leadership, Transformational Leadership, Best Practices, K3L
ABSTRACT Name : Alfina Hapsari Study Program : Occupational Health and Safety Title : Safety Leadership Analysis in The Position of Implementation Unit, Construction Management Unit, Project Manager, Division Manager, and Operation Department Manager of Infrastructure Project at PT.X (Construction Contractor) in 2018 Consellor : Dadan Erwandi, S.Psi., M.Psi. The construction industry has a high risk of occupational injury. Throughout August 2017 to February 2018, there had been thirteen construction accidents with three cases of fatality accidents in toll road and rail road projects in Indonesia. Safety Leadership is one of the important components in improving Safety, Health and Environment (SHE) performance. This study examines Safety Leadership Model at the lead position in the project and the operations department of the infrastructure project at PT X as a Construction Contractor Company. This study was a descriptive research with quantitative method based on two main variables of Safety Leadership, those are Leadership Style and Best Practice. Research data obtained from questionnaires, interviews, and observations on the application of SHE at PT X’s project location in April - May 2018. This research obtained that Safety Leadership is still weak except The General Manager. This is due to lacks of understanding of SHE policies, communication, consistency and commitment to the implementation of SHE, proactive and initiative action when facing SHE issues. This suggests that company should improve by preparing and implementing Safety Leadership training program for all manager levels as well as maintaining the monitoring of SHE program implementation in the workplace. Keywords: Safety Leadership, Transformational Leadership, Best Practices, SHE
T-5230
Depok : FKM-UI, 2018
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Rina Febri Panjaitan; Oembimbing: Fatma Lestari; Penguji: Abdul Kadir, Arif Prihantono
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Iklim keselamatan merupakan persepsi pekerja tentang pentingnya perilaku aman saat bekerja berkaitan dengan kebijakan, keselamatan, prosedur, praktik, serta seluruh kepentingan dan prioritas keselamatan kerja. Iklim keselamatan yang buruk akan ditandai dengan peningkatan stress pekerja, komunikasi keselamatan yang buruk, dan kurangnya dukungan sehingga dapat menormalkan perilaku tidak aman, merusak kesadaran situasional, dan meningkatkan kemungkinan kecelakaan. Pengukuran iklim keselamatan dapat dijadikan perusahaan sebagai leading indicator untuk acuan dalam membuat/memperbaiki program keselamatan yang sudah ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis profil safety climate pada area support point di PT X Tahun 2025 berdasarkan dimensi komitmen manajemen, komunikasi keselamatan, aturan dan prosedur, lingkungan yang mendukung, akuntabilitas pribadi, dan pelatihan. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional dengan metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner (data primer). Jumlah sampel yang dianalisis sebanyak 118 orang. Analisis data digunakan melalui analisis deskriptif dan inferensial (Uji Mann Whitney dan Kruskal Wallis). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa profil safety climate di area support point PT X tahun 2025 sudah baik, dengan rata – rata nilai 5,18. Seluruh dimensi yang diukur mendapatkan rata – rata skor 4,98 – 5,31. Skor rata – rata safety climate pada kelompok usia, masa kerja, dan pendidikan menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan pada dimensi komitmen manajemen, komunikasi keselamatan, dan pelatihan.
Safety climate is a worker's perception of the importance of safe behavior at work in relation towards policies, safety, procedures, practices, and overall safety interests and priorities. A poor safety climate will be characterized by increased worker stress, poor safety communication, and lack of support thus normalizing unsafe behavior, decreasing situational awareness, and increasing the likelihood of accidents. Safety climate measurements can be used by companies as a leading indicator in establishing / improving existing safety programs. This study aims to analyze the safety climate profile in the support point area at PT X in 2025 based on the dimensions of management commitment, safety communication, rules and procedures, supportive environment, personal accountability, and training. The research design used is cross sectional with data collection methods using questionnaires (primary data). The number of samples analyzed was 118 respondents. Data analysis was used through descriptive and inferential analysis (Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis Test). The results of this study indicate that the safety climate profile in the PT X support point area in 2025 is good, with an average score of 5.18. All dimensions measured get an average score of 4.98 - 5.31. The average safety climate score in the age, tenure, and education groups showed significant differences in the dimensions of management commitment, safety communication, and training.
Safety climate is a worker's perception of the importance of safe behavior at work in relation towards policies, safety, procedures, practices, and overall safety interests and priorities. A poor safety climate will be characterized by increased worker stress, poor safety communication, and lack of support thus normalizing unsafe behavior, decreasing situational awareness, and increasing the likelihood of accidents. Safety climate measurements can be used by companies as a leading indicator in establishing / improving existing safety programs. This study aims to analyze the safety climate profile in the support point area at PT X in 2025 based on the dimensions of management commitment, safety communication, rules and procedures, supportive environment, personal accountability, and training. The research design used is cross sectional with data collection methods using questionnaires (primary data). The number of samples analyzed was 118 respondents. Data analysis was used through descriptive and inferential analysis (Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis Test). The results of this study indicate that the safety climate profile in the PT X support point area in 2025 is good, with an average score of 5.18. All dimensions measured get an average score of 4.98 - 5.31. The average safety climate score in the age, tenure, and education groups showed significant differences in the dimensions of management commitment, safety communication, and training.
S-12064
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ni Kadek Lilis Erismawati; Pembimbing: Fatma Lestari; Penguji: Abdul Kadir, Mufti Wirawan, Bimo Prasetyo, Valyaty Frisa Aryadi
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Industri konstruksi merupakan sektor dengan tingkat risiko kecelakaan kerja yang tinggi sehingga
penerapan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) menjadi aspek penting dalam menciptakan lingkungan
kerja yang aman. Iklim keselamatan (safety climate) berperan dalam membentuk perilaku kerja aman dan
dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik individu pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan
karakteristik individu dengan persepsi iklim keselamatan pada pekerja proyek konstruksi di PT XYZ.
Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif pada 155 pekerja
menggunakan teknik total sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner karakteristik
individu dan NOSACQ-50, kemudian dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil penelitian
menunjukkan mayoritas responden berjenis kelamin laki-laki, berada pada usia produktif 20–44 tahun,
berpendidikan SMA/sederajat, bekerja sebagai pekerja lapangan, dan memiliki masa kerja kurang dari lima
tahun. Persepsi iklim keselamatan secara umum berada pada kategori baik. Variabel jenis kelamin dan
posisi jabatan memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap persepsi iklim keselamatan, sedangkan usia,
tingkat pendidikan, dan masa kerja tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan. Posisi jabatan merupakan
faktor yang paling dominan memengaruhi persepsi iklim keselamatan pekerja. Hasil penelitian ini
diharapkan menjadi dasar dalam pengembangan strategi peningkatan K3 yang lebih efektif untuk
memperkuat budaya keselamatan kerja pada proyek konstruksi.
The construction industry is a sector with a high risk of occupational accidents; therefore, the implementation of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is an essential aspect of creating a safe working environment. Safety climate plays an important role in shaping safe work behavior and is influenced by workers’ individual characteristics. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between individual characteristics and safety climate perceptions among construction project workers at PT XYZ. This study employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design involving 155 workers using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using an individual characteristics questionnaire and NOSACQ 50 and analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. The results showed that the majority of respondents were male, within the productive age group of 20–44 years, had a senior high school education or equivalent, worked as field workers, and had less than five years of work experience. Overall, safety climate perception was categorized as good. Gender and job position showed significant relationships with safety climate perception, whereas age, educational level, and work experience showed no significant relationships. Job position was identified as the most dominant factor influencing workers’ safety climate perceptions. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a basis for developing more effective OHS improvement strategies to strengthen safety culture in construction projects.
T-7607
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Desmon Prawiradinata; Pembimbing: Hendra; Penguji: Indri Hapsari Susilowati, Irma Setiawaty Wulandari
Abstrak:
Penelitian ini membahas tentang analisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengankejadian stres pada Pekerja di PT. X. Menurut Robbins (2006) mengemukakan terdapattiga kategori potensi stressor yaitu berasal dari faktor lingkungan, faktor organisasi, faktorindividu. Didukung dengan teori yang dikembangkan oleh Health, Safety, and Executive(2007) diketahui bahwa terdapat enam aspek dalam faktor organisasi yang berhubungandengan stres kerja. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, dapat dikatakan bahwa faktor organisasi danfaktor individu merupakan faktor yang memegang peranan dalam mengakibatkan streskerja.Jenis penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatanmenggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional, Variabel independen ini meliputi faktororganisasi (tuntutan pekerjaan, kontrol terhadap pekerjaan, dukungan sosial, hubunganinterpersonal, peran dalam organisasi, perubahan pada organisasi) dan karakteristikindividu (umur, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, status pernikahan, masa kerja).Variable dependen yang diteliti adalah kejadian stres yang dialami pekerja di PT. X.Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 136 responden. Analisis bivariat dilakukan denganuji Chi Square. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui sebanyak 25 orang (18,4 %)mengalami kejadian stres berat, sebanyak 43 orang (31,6 %) mengalami kejadian stressedang, sebanyak 39 orang (28,7 %) mengalami kejadian stres sedang stres rendah, dansebanyak 29 responden (21,3 %) masuk dalam kategori tidak stres. Karakteristik individuyang terbukti berhubungan dengan kejadian stres kerja adalah tingkat pendidikan danstatus pernikahan. Sedangkan, seluruh faktor organisasi terbukti berhubungan dengankejadian stres kerja.
Kata kunci: stres kerja, stressor, faktor organisasi
This research is about the analysis of related factors that generate stress atworkplace on PT. X. According to Robbins (2006) suggests there are three categories ofpotential stressors which are derived from environmental, organizational, and individualfactors. Supported by a theory, developed by Health, Safety, and Executive (2007), thereare six aspects in management standards that are related to stress at workplace. Based onthis, it can be said that management standards and individual characteristics are factorsthat generate stress at workplace.This is the descriptive analytic with cross sectional design studies. Independentvariables which include on this reasearch are management standards (demands, control,support, relationships, role, and change) and individual characteristics (age, sex,education, marital status, years of service). Dependen variables which include on thisresearch is the incident of stress, experienced by workers at PT. X. With 136 respondents,researcher used chi-square for bivariate analysis. The result, 25 workers (18.4%)experienced severe stress level, 43 workers (31.6%) experienced moderate stress level,39 workers (28.7%) experienced a low stress level, and as many as 29 workers (21.3%)not having a stressed level. Individual characteristics that are proven to be associated withstress events are education level and marital status. Whereas, all management standardsare proven to be related stress at workplace in PT. X.
Keywords: work stress, stressor, management standards.
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Kata kunci: stres kerja, stressor, faktor organisasi
This research is about the analysis of related factors that generate stress atworkplace on PT. X. According to Robbins (2006) suggests there are three categories ofpotential stressors which are derived from environmental, organizational, and individualfactors. Supported by a theory, developed by Health, Safety, and Executive (2007), thereare six aspects in management standards that are related to stress at workplace. Based onthis, it can be said that management standards and individual characteristics are factorsthat generate stress at workplace.This is the descriptive analytic with cross sectional design studies. Independentvariables which include on this reasearch are management standards (demands, control,support, relationships, role, and change) and individual characteristics (age, sex,education, marital status, years of service). Dependen variables which include on thisresearch is the incident of stress, experienced by workers at PT. X. With 136 respondents,researcher used chi-square for bivariate analysis. The result, 25 workers (18.4%)experienced severe stress level, 43 workers (31.6%) experienced moderate stress level,39 workers (28.7%) experienced a low stress level, and as many as 29 workers (21.3%)not having a stressed level. Individual characteristics that are proven to be associated withstress events are education level and marital status. Whereas, all management standardsare proven to be related stress at workplace in PT. X.
Keywords: work stress, stressor, management standards.
S-9651
Depok : FKM UI, 2018
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Rahmat Syafrianto; Pembimbing: Zulkifli Djunaidi; Penguji: Mufti Wirawan, Stevan Deby Anbiya Muhamad Sunarno, Ahmad Afif Maulidi, Putri Pujianti
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Industri pertambangan memiliki karakteristik profil risiko tinggi yang membutuhkan manajemen risiko proaktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi manajemen risiko pada kegiatan operasional penambangan di PT X Jobsite Y tahun 2026 berdasarkan Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan Pertambangan (SMKP) dan ISO 31000:2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data melalui triangulasi wawancara mendalam, observasi lapangan, dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi manajemen risiko di PT X Jobsite Y secara struktural telah berjalan dengan dukungan dokumen SOP yang lengkap. Namun, tingkat kematangan sistem cenderung berada pada kategori reaktif dan memicu "paradoks kepatuhan SMKP", di mana kelengkapan administratif belum menjamin efektivitas substantif di lapangan. Pada aspek komunikasi, Pembicaraan 5 Menit (P5M) terlaksana konsisten sebagai komunikasi satu arah, tetapi konsultasi dua arah yang partisipatif masih lemah. Penetapan konteks risiko dominan berfokus pada aspek teknis operasional, sementara faktor sistemik dan sosial (seperti beban kerja dan kompetensi) terabaikan, dipengaruhi oleh minimnya pengawas berpengalaman di atas lima tahun. Selain itu, meskipun identifikasi bahaya empiris di lapangan tergolong kuat, formalisasi ke dalam dokumen IBPR dan Job Safety Analysis (JSA) masih lemah serta tidak konsisten menggunakan matriks penilaian formal. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya transformasi manajemen risiko dari reaktif menjadi proaktif. Perusahaan disarankan untuk memperkuat mekanisme konsultasi partisipatif, meningkatkan akurasi pengisian instrumen K3 secara kuantitatif, serta memberikan pelatihan terstruktur bagi pengawas mengenai identifikasi faktor risiko sistemik guna membangun budaya keselamatan yang berkelanjutan.
The mining industry inherently possesses a high-risk profile that requires proactive risk management. This study aims to analyze the implementation of risk management in mining operational activities at PT X Jobsite Y in 2026 based on the Mining Safety Management System (SMKP) and ISO 31000:2018. This research utilizes a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through the triangulation of in-depth interviews, field observations, and document reviews. The results indicate that risk management implementation at PT X Jobsite Y has structurally advanced, supported by a comprehensive set of SOP documents. However, the system's maturity level tends to be reactive, triggering a "compliance paradox of SMKP," where administrative completeness does not necessarily guarantee substantive effectiveness on the ground. In terms of communication, the 5-Minute Safety Talk (P5M) is consistently implemented as an effective one-way communication tool, but participatory two-way consultation remains weak. The determination of risk context dominantly focuses on operational technical aspects, while systemic and social factors (such as workload and competency) are neglected, influenced by the scarcity of supervisors with more than five years of tenure. Furthermore, while empirical hazard identification in the field is robust, its formalization into Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (IBPR) and Job Safety Analysis (JSA) documents remains weak and inconsistent with formal assessment matrices. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the necessity of transforming risk management from reactive to proactive. The company is recommended to strengthen participatory consultation mechanisms, improve the accuracy of quantitative OHS instrument completion, and provide structured training for supervisors on systemic risk factor identification to build a sustainable safety culture.
T-7639
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Abigael Oktaria Zega; Pembimbing: Zulkifli Djunaidi; Penguji: Mufti Wirawan, Abdul Rasyid
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Pada tahun 2023, industri penyediaan makanan dan minuman di Indonesia mencapai 4,85 juta usaha. Angka tersebut meningkat sebesar 21,13% dari tahun 2016 dengan total 4,01 juta usaha (Badan Pusat Statistik, 2024). Meskipun seringkali dianggap sederhana, proses pembuatan makanan dilakukan dengan menggunakan bantuan mesin-mesin bertekanan tinggi yang melibatkan interaksi antara manusia dengan mesin (Thohir et al., 2025). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan safety leadership dan safety behavior pada perusahaan industri makanan PT X tahun 2026 dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang diadaptasi dari (Lu and Yang, 2010) dan (Neal, Gri and Hart, 2000) sebagai data utama, serta dilakukan wawancara tidak terstruktur dan observasi di lapangan sebagai data kualitatif pendukung. Penelitian dilakukan kepada 239 responden dengan desain cross-sectional dan hubungan variabel dianalisis menggunakan Spearman’s rho karena data kuesioner berdistribusi tidak normal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa safety leadership berada pada kategori sangat tinggi dengan nilai 4,54 dan safety behavior juga berada pada kategori sangat tinggi dengan nilai 4,53. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara safety leadership dan safety behavior (r = 0,749; p = 0,000). Hasil temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan keselamatan berperan sangat penting dalam membentuk perilaku keselamatan pekerja. Hasil wawancara dengan narasumber juga menguatkan temuan ini, bahwa partisipasi aktif, kebijakan, dan kepedulian yang ditunjukkan pemimpin menjadi faktor dapat mendorong terbentuknya perilaku keselamatan pekerja. Penelitian ini menyarankan agar perusahaan dapat meningkatkan partisipasi kepemimpinan keselamatan dan membentuk program program keselamatan bagi pekerja yang bersifat partisipatif. Saran lanjutan terkait penelitian ini agar dapat meneliti variabel mediasi lain yang mungkin dapat berpengaruh atau memperkuat hubungan antara safety leadership dan safety behavior.
In 2023, the food and beverage industry in Indonesia reached 4.85 million businesses, representing an increase of 21.13% compared to 2016, which recorded a total of 4.01 million businesses (Badan Pusat Statistik, 2024). Although frequently perceived as a relatively straightforward sector, the food production process in practice involves the operation of high-pressure machinery that demands intensive man-machine interaction (Thohir et al., 2025). This study aims to analyze the relationship between safety leadership and safety behavior in a food industry company, PT X, in 2026. Primary data were collected through a questionnaire adapted from Lu and Yang (2010) and Neal, Griffin, and Hart (2000), while supporting qualitative data were obtained through unstructured interviews and field observations. This study involved 239 respondents using a cross-sectional study design, and the relationship between variables was analyzed using Spearman's rho correlation test, given that the questionnaire data were not normally distributed. The results indicate that safety leadership was categorized as very high with a mean score of 4.54, and safety behavior was similarly categorized as very high with a mean score of 4.53. Hypothesis testing demonstrated a significant positive relationship between safety leadership and safety behavior (r = 0.749; p = 0.000), indicating that safety leadership plays a crucial role in shaping workers' safety behavior. These findings were further corroborated by interview results, which confirmed that active participation, the implementation of safety policies, and the concern demonstrated by leaders are factors that substantially contribute to the formation of safety behavior among workers. This study recommends that companies continuously enhance leadership participation in occupational safety and develop participatory safety programs that actively engage all workers. For future research, it is suggested that other mediating variables that may influence or strengthen the relationship between safety leadership and safety behavior be further investigated.
S-12462
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Muhammad Schehan Al Azhar; Pembimbing: Baiduri Widanarko; Penguji: Abdul Kadir, Galuh Ayu Ekaprastika
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Tingginya angka kecelakaan di sektor manufaktur, korelasi antara safety climate dengan kejadian kecelakaan, serta tingkat safety climate pada unit produksi di perusahaan yang cenderung lebih rendah dibanding unit lain, menunjukan bahwa perusahaan perlu berupaya menciptakan suasana kerja yang baik agar dapat menghasilkan safety climate yang positif khususnya pada unit produksi di perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis safety climate di unit produksi PT X dimana PT X belum pernah melakukan pengukuran safety climate sebelumnya. Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross-sectional dengan metode analisis deskriptif dan inferensial. Sampel sebanyak 114 responden menggunakan teknik simple random sampling pada pekerja di divisi produksi dan packing. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah NOSACQ-50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata skor safety climate di unit produksi PT X adalah 3,15. Seluruh dimensi yang diukur mendapatkan skor rata rata antara 3,06 sampai 3,26. Skor rata-rata safety climate pada kelompok jenis kelamin, masa kerja, dan status kepegawaian menunjukkan perbedaan signifakan pada dimensi worker's safety priority and risk non-acceptance dan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan pada dimensi lainnya. Seluruh dimensi safety climate di unit produksi PT X masuk ke dalam kategori cukup baik. Upaya peningkatan dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan efektifitas program terkait persepsi keselamatan dan mengupayakan keaktifan para pekerja serta menyamakan persepsi akan risiko dan bahaya untuk para pekerja.
The high rate of accidents in the manufacturing sector, the correlation between safety climate and accidents, and the level of safety climate in the production unit in the company which tends to be lower than other units, show that companies need to strive to create a good working atmosphere in order to produce a positive safety climate, especially in the production unit in the company. This study aims to analyze the safety climate in the production unit of PT X where PT X has never measured safety climate before. This research is a cross-sectional study with descriptive and inferential analysis methods. A sample of 114 respondents using simple random sampling technique on workers in the production and packing division. The instrument used in this study is NOSACQ-50. The results showed that the average safety climate score in the PT X production unit was 3.15. All dimensions measured get an average score between 3.06 to 3.26. The average score of safety climate in groups of gender, length of service, and employment status shows significant differences in the dimensions of worker's safety priority and risk non-acceptance and there are no significant differences in other dimensions. All dimensions of safety climate in the PT X production unit fall into the fairly good category. Improvement can be carried out by increasing the effectiveness of programs related to safety perceptions and seeking the activeness of workers and equalizing perceptions of risks and hazards for workers.
S-11652
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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