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Sejak bergulimya isu globalisasi pada awal 1990-an, tantangan yang dihadapi oleh perusahaan nasional adalah adanya kondisi persaingan yang semakin ketat, selain antara perusahaan nasional yang ada, juga dengan perusahaan asing, apalagi bila akan melakukan usaha di negara lain. Maka standar intemasional juga menjadi tema sentral, yang harus menjadi acuan dan aturan main di antara berbagai perusahaan, balk tingkat nasional, regional maupun global. Pada tingkat regional dan global, kini Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3), telah menjadi suatu isu penting untuk mengukur kinerja korporasi secara keseluruhan. Dan isu penting yang sekarang bergulir dalam manajemen K3 adalah pengembangan budaya K3 yang positif, sebagaimana Biggs, et al (2005), menyatakan bahwa pendekatan manajemen K3 di sektor industri konstruksi di Australia, yang menekankan identifikasi dan reduksi bahaya telah gaga] untuk memenuhi motivasi pekerja untuk berperilaku selamat, dan perlunya membina budaya K3 terhadap pekerja musiman. Demikian juga Konferensi Buruh lnternasional yang diselenggarakan pada 2003 telah merekomendasikan pentingnya membangun budaya K3 secara nasional. Penelitian tesis ini bertolak dart dasar pemikiran bahwa budaya K3 pempunyai peran penting dalam memperbaiki dan meningkatkan kinerja K3, di mana kinerja K3 kini sudah menjadi salah sate [criteria bagi perusahaan yang akan bersaing di tingkat global. Sehingga penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengambil studi kasus PT X sebagai suatu perusahaan konstruksi terkemuka, suatu Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) yang akan memasuki persaingan di tingkat global. Namun karena aspek dan dimensi budaya sangat luas, dan memerlukan waktu penelitian relatif lebih lama, maka penelitian dibatasi pada iklim K3, yaitu suatu tahapan kesadaran dalam budaya K3 yang dipersepsikan oleh anggota organisasi. Sehingga yang diharapkan diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah tentang bagaimana profit iklim K3 PT X, dengan mengambil sampel di tiga tempat kerja, yaitu Kantor Pusat dan Divisi terkait, Pabrik Fabrikasi Baja Konstruksi dan Proyek Gedung Kampus Prasetya Mulya. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif, melalui penyebaran angket (kuesioner) guns mendapatkan jawaban dad responden dari ketiga tempat kerja tersebut, sebagai cars untuk mengases iklim K3, sesuai dengan hasil jawaban responden tersebut. Jumlah populasi Kantor Pusat dart Divisi terkait w 254 dengan jumlah responden 49; jumlah populasi Pabrik Fabrikasi Baja adalah 354 dengan responden 66; dan jumlah populasi Proyek Gedung Prasetya Mulya adalah 132, dengan jumlah responden 35. Karena ada keterkaitan dengan budaya perusahaan, maka peneliti juga melakukan pengumpulan data dan dokumentasi tentang budaya perusahaan, sehingga dapat memberi gambaran tentang dinamika proses pengembangan budaya K3 yang positif di PT X. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bawls dari ketiga tempat kerja tersebut diperoleh gambaran secara umum, bahwa bahwa berdasarkan persepsi responden masing-masing, Ikiim K3 di Kantor Pusat dan Divisi terkait tergolong kuat, Iklim K3 Pabrik Fabrikasi Baja DME tergolong paling kuat, dan Proyek Gedung Prasetya Mulya, tergolong relatif sedikit lebih kuat dari pada Kantor Pusat dan Divisi. Kesimpulannya, iklim K3 PT X secara keseluruhan tergolong pada kategori agak kuat, dengan nilai rata-rata variabel personil tergolong pada kategori kuat, sedangkan variabel organisasi dan pekerjaan tergolong pada kategori agak kuat. Sub-variabel yang tergolong sangat kuat yaitu: Komitmen Pribadi tehadap K3. Beberapa sub-variabel yang tegolong relatif kuat adalah: Kesadaran terhadap Risiko; Sires Akibat Kerja dan Pengetahuan K3; Komitmen terhadap Organisasi; Teamwork; Sifat (tidak) Menyalahkan; Komitmen Manajemen; Tidak-lanjut Manajemen; Kedudukan Pejabat K3; dan Kesiap-siagaan terhadap Keadaan Darurat. Dan beberapa sub-variabel yang relatif kurang kuat, yaitu: Keterlibatan pekerja dalam Pengambilan Keputusan; Komunikasi K3; Tempat dan Lingkungan Kerja; Alokasi Sumber-daya; dan Kepuasan Kerja.
Since the rolling-on globalization issues by the early 90s, challenges faced by national corporations are the tighter conditions of business competition among, thus from the national to the multinational companies likewise, especially to the exertions planned in another country. Thus, the international standard too, has become central topic which has to be referenced and denoted as `rule of the game' among various companies, in their each different levels; the national, the regional and the global levels. The Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) has become another significant issue to measure the overall corporate performances both in regional and global level, nowadays. The current important issue rolling in OHS management is its positive cultural development, as it 's cited from Biggs, et al (2005), that the occupational health and safety management approaches in Australia's construction industry which emphasize the identification and reduction on working hazard, has failed to fulfill workers' motivation to commit safety behavior, and it is important to develop and maintain OHS culture toward seasonal workers. The International Labor-Organization's Conference held by 2003 also recommended the importance of developing OHS Culture, nationally. The thesis research initially begins from a premise that explains the significant OHS cultural role in improving and fixing OHS performance, wherein the OHS performance nowadays has become another criteria for the global level corporations. The research is endeavored by applying studies over Company X's case which soon is to enter global level competition (company X is signified as a well-known state-owned construction company). However, due to the vast cultural dimension and its aspects, along with relatively long time research requirement, the research is then confined to the OHS climate, which is an awareness phase in an OHS culture perceived by organization member. Thus the results intended to be obtained in this research is all about the profile of Company X's OHS climate, by taking samples in three different working places, which are; Central Office and It's Related Divisions; The Fabrication Factory of Construction Steel; and, Prasetya Mulya Campus Building Project. The researcher applies the quantitative researching method, by distributing questionnaires in order to obtain responses of respondents from these three different working places, as a method of accessing OHS climate, according to the respondents answers. The total population of The Central Office and Its Related Divisions = 254 with 49 respondents; the total population from The Fabrication Factory of Construction Steel = 354 with 66 respondents; and, the sum of Prasetya Mulya Campus Building Project 's population is 132 with 35 respondents. Due to the relation of OHS culture towards the company's culture, researcher endeavors gathering of documentation and data findings about corporate culture, thus the researcher be able to represent the image of the positive OHS cultural development dynamic process in Company X. The research outcome, points-up the common views obtained from those three different working places, that based on the each respondents' perception, The Central Office and Its Related Divisions has a moderately strong OHS climate, The Fabrication Factory has the strongest climate, and the Prasetya Mulya Campus Building Project has little stronger OHS climate rather than the Central Office has. We finally come into the conclusion that the Company X's overall OHS climate goes in strong category, with strong rate on average variable persons, while the job and organizational variable remain moderately strong. The strongest categorized sub-variables, is Personal Commitment toward OHS. The relatively moderate categorized sub-variables are: Perceived Risk; Job Induced Stress; Safety Knowledge; Commitment to Organization; Teamwork; Attribution to Blame; Management Commitments; Management Actions; Status of Safety Personnel; and, Emergency Preparedness. While, sort of relatively less strong sub-variables, consist of Involvement in Decision Making; OHS Communications; Working Environment; Allocation of Resources; and Job Satisfaction.
To prevent all potential risks, a good safety climate is needed in the workplace. Safety climate is used to look at the psychological aspects of workers regarding their values, attitudes, and perceptions about safety in the workplace which can have an impact on behavior. Therefore, to overcome this, the application of a good safety climate is the main key in shaping workers' perceptions. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the safety climate in the Jakarta Bandung Halim High Speed Rail Development Project in 2022. This study used a quantitative method with a cross sectional design. Data collection was done online and offline using a questionnaire. A total of 70 respondents workers PT. Wijaya Karya Bangunan Gedung participated in this research. The results showed that the average score of the overall safety climate dimension was quite good. The dimensions of the safety climate are management commitment (5.52), communication (5.27), training (5.22), personal accountability (4.98), rules and procedures (5.14), and a supportive environment (5,16). Overall research results suggest that changing employee perceptions can be improved through affirmation of management commitment, regulations and procedures with adequate communication and training also supported by good personal accountability and a supportive environment.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran profil iklim keselamatan di proyek A sebagai salah satu proyek konstruksi percontohan di DKI Jakarta. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah pekerja di proyek A yang berjumlah 272 pekerja yang datanya diambil melalui kuesioner yang menggunakan metode potong lintang.
Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa iklim keselamatan di proyek A ada pada level proaktif dimana skor variabel safety as value, leadership, empowerment, dan communication memiliki angka tertinggi dan variabel commitment, accountability dan training in all levels memiliki angka yang kurang dan perlu ada perhatian dari organisasi. Pelaksanaan program dan komitmen dari manajemen menjadi fokus yang harus dilakukan proyek A demi memperbaiki iklim keselamatan di proyek A.
Construction is one sector that has a high complexity and has a rapid development every year. It can be said that the construction sector is an industry that has a high risk. The contribution of accidents in the construction sector is mostly caused by unsafe behavior even though there are already ongoing safety programs. A safety climate can increase worker safety awareness and reduce unsafe work behavior.
This study aims to describe the profile of the safety climate in project A as one of the pilot construction projects in DKI Jakarta. The sample in this study were workers in project A totaling 272 workers whose data were taken through a questionnaire using the cross-sectional method.
The results of this study explain that the safety climate in project A is at a proactive level where the scores for the variables safety as value, leadership, empowerment, and communication have the highest numbers and the variables commitment, accountability and training at all levels have less numbers and need attention from organization. Program implementation and commitment from management are the focus of project A to improve the safety climate in project A.
Construction is one of the sectors that has a high risk of work accidents, in 2020 this sector has 55.2% accident rate. Human factor is one of the factors causing work accidents, 70% of work accidents occur due to unsafe actions. The purpose of this study is to see the Project Z PT X risk perception level, the relationship between independent and dependent variable, and to explain the condition of risk perception that has been run by Project Z. This research is a semi-quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The population of this study was 82 people with a sample size of 67 people. The results showed that most workers perception in Project Z were bad (55.7%). Risk voluntarily, immediacy of effect, knowledge of risk, catastrophic potential, and severity of consequences have the largest bad percentage, and there is a significant relationship on all research variables. Multivariate analysis explained that 4 variables had the most significant relationship, namely immediacy of effect, catastrophic potential, common dread, and severity of consequences. For short-term solutions, Project Z can improve supervision on high risk categorized job, for long term Project Z can improve hazard and risk identification and communicating them to all workers
ABSTRAK Proyek adalah sekumpulan kegiatan yang dimaksudkan untuk mencapai hasil akhir tertentu yang cukup penting bagi kepentingan pihak manajemen. Proyek tersebut salah satunya meliputi proyek konstruksi. Proses pembangunan proyek konstruksi pada umumnya merupakan kegiatan yang banyak mengandung unsur bahaya. Masalah keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) secara umum di Indonesia masih sering terabaikan. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan masih tingginya angka kecelakaan kerja. Masalah umum mengenai K3 ini juga terjadi pada penyelenggaraan konstruksi. Tenaga kerja di sektor jasa konstruksi mencakup sekitar 7-8% dari jumlah tenaga kerja di seluruh sektor, dan menyumbang 6.45% dari PDB di Indonesia. Sektor jasa konstruksi adalah salah satu sektor yang paling berisiko terhadap kecelakaan kerja, disamping sektor utama lainnya yaitu pertanian, perikanan, perkayuan, dan pertambangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor dari nilai-nilai efektifitas penerapan SMK3 terhadap tingkat kecelakaan kerja di PT GPS Batam dan juga mengetahui tingkat efektifitas kinerja K3 di PT GPS Batam dan perbandingannya dengan stardar SMK3 yang dipakai oleh PT GPS Batam. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan observasional, dilakukan verifikasi dan review ‘in depth’ terhadap tingkat pencapaian elemen-elemen SMK3. Identifikasi kesesuaian penerapan ini salah satunya adalah dengan cara melakukan suatu audit terhadap implementasi SMK3, hubungan antara tingkat pemenuhan program dan target di dalam leading indikator terhadap tingkat lagging indikator yang telah dicapai oleh PT GPS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pelaksanaan SMK3 berdasarkan elemen-elemen OHSAS 18001 telah dilaksanakan dengan sangat baik dengan tingkat pencapaian persentase kesesuaian sebesar 95%. Efektifitas implementasi SMK3 dengan pencapaian tingkat leading indikator yang bersifat pencegahan telah berhasil menurunkan angka lagging indicator menjadi nol (0) untuk kategori MTI, RWI dan LTI pada periode tahun 2011 dan 2012.
ABSTRACT Project is some activities with the aim to get the outcome as targeted and the result is important for the management. One of the project type is the Construction project. The fabrication phase of the construction project in general has involving many various hazard in their processes. Occupational health and safety problem in general in Indonesia is negligence quite often. It can shows by the high accident rate in all sector. Labor in construction service has cover up around 7-8% from the total labor in all sector and contribute around 6,45% of PDB in Indonesia. Construction sector is one of the sector that having a highest risk to the work accident, the other main sector such as agriculture, fishery, forestry and mining. This research has intention to identify and analyse the effectiveness of implementing the health and safety management system to the incident rate that occur at PT GPS Batam and also compare it to the OHSMS that has been implemented at PT GPS Batam. This result has been using a qualitative method with observational approach, to do verification and in depth review to the accomplishment rate of the OHSMS elements. One of the way to identify the compliances of implementation is conducting the audit to the OHSMS implementation itself, correlation between the accomplishment rate of the program and target in leading indicator to the lagging indicator rate that has been achieved by PT GPS. The result of this research has showing the implementation of OHSMS that base on OHSAS 18001 elements has been implemented very well with percentage of compliance achievement around 95%. Effectiveness of OHSMS implementation with good leading indicator rate has been succeed in lowering lagging indicator rate become zero (0) for MTI, RWI and LTI category for the year of 2011 and 2012 period. Verification of the audit result from the performance of the effectiveness of the implementation could be seen from the performance of the HSE departments in distinctive and performance of company in general.
