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Sejak bergulimya isu globalisasi pada awal 1990-an, tantangan yang dihadapi oleh perusahaan nasional adalah adanya kondisi persaingan yang semakin ketat, selain antara perusahaan nasional yang ada, juga dengan perusahaan asing, apalagi bila akan melakukan usaha di negara lain. Maka standar intemasional juga menjadi tema sentral, yang harus menjadi acuan dan aturan main di antara berbagai perusahaan, balk tingkat nasional, regional maupun global. Pada tingkat regional dan global, kini Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3), telah menjadi suatu isu penting untuk mengukur kinerja korporasi secara keseluruhan. Dan isu penting yang sekarang bergulir dalam manajemen K3 adalah pengembangan budaya K3 yang positif, sebagaimana Biggs, et al (2005), menyatakan bahwa pendekatan manajemen K3 di sektor industri konstruksi di Australia, yang menekankan identifikasi dan reduksi bahaya telah gaga] untuk memenuhi motivasi pekerja untuk berperilaku selamat, dan perlunya membina budaya K3 terhadap pekerja musiman. Demikian juga Konferensi Buruh lnternasional yang diselenggarakan pada 2003 telah merekomendasikan pentingnya membangun budaya K3 secara nasional. Penelitian tesis ini bertolak dart dasar pemikiran bahwa budaya K3 pempunyai peran penting dalam memperbaiki dan meningkatkan kinerja K3, di mana kinerja K3 kini sudah menjadi salah sate [criteria bagi perusahaan yang akan bersaing di tingkat global. Sehingga penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengambil studi kasus PT X sebagai suatu perusahaan konstruksi terkemuka, suatu Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) yang akan memasuki persaingan di tingkat global. Namun karena aspek dan dimensi budaya sangat luas, dan memerlukan waktu penelitian relatif lebih lama, maka penelitian dibatasi pada iklim K3, yaitu suatu tahapan kesadaran dalam budaya K3 yang dipersepsikan oleh anggota organisasi. Sehingga yang diharapkan diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah tentang bagaimana profit iklim K3 PT X, dengan mengambil sampel di tiga tempat kerja, yaitu Kantor Pusat dan Divisi terkait, Pabrik Fabrikasi Baja Konstruksi dan Proyek Gedung Kampus Prasetya Mulya. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif, melalui penyebaran angket (kuesioner) guns mendapatkan jawaban dad responden dari ketiga tempat kerja tersebut, sebagai cars untuk mengases iklim K3, sesuai dengan hasil jawaban responden tersebut. Jumlah populasi Kantor Pusat dart Divisi terkait w 254 dengan jumlah responden 49; jumlah populasi Pabrik Fabrikasi Baja adalah 354 dengan responden 66; dan jumlah populasi Proyek Gedung Prasetya Mulya adalah 132, dengan jumlah responden 35. Karena ada keterkaitan dengan budaya perusahaan, maka peneliti juga melakukan pengumpulan data dan dokumentasi tentang budaya perusahaan, sehingga dapat memberi gambaran tentang dinamika proses pengembangan budaya K3 yang positif di PT X. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bawls dari ketiga tempat kerja tersebut diperoleh gambaran secara umum, bahwa bahwa berdasarkan persepsi responden masing-masing, Ikiim K3 di Kantor Pusat dan Divisi terkait tergolong kuat, Iklim K3 Pabrik Fabrikasi Baja DME tergolong paling kuat, dan Proyek Gedung Prasetya Mulya, tergolong relatif sedikit lebih kuat dari pada Kantor Pusat dan Divisi. Kesimpulannya, iklim K3 PT X secara keseluruhan tergolong pada kategori agak kuat, dengan nilai rata-rata variabel personil tergolong pada kategori kuat, sedangkan variabel organisasi dan pekerjaan tergolong pada kategori agak kuat. Sub-variabel yang tergolong sangat kuat yaitu: Komitmen Pribadi tehadap K3. Beberapa sub-variabel yang tegolong relatif kuat adalah: Kesadaran terhadap Risiko; Sires Akibat Kerja dan Pengetahuan K3; Komitmen terhadap Organisasi; Teamwork; Sifat (tidak) Menyalahkan; Komitmen Manajemen; Tidak-lanjut Manajemen; Kedudukan Pejabat K3; dan Kesiap-siagaan terhadap Keadaan Darurat. Dan beberapa sub-variabel yang relatif kurang kuat, yaitu: Keterlibatan pekerja dalam Pengambilan Keputusan; Komunikasi K3; Tempat dan Lingkungan Kerja; Alokasi Sumber-daya; dan Kepuasan Kerja.
Since the rolling-on globalization issues by the early 90s, challenges faced by national corporations are the tighter conditions of business competition among, thus from the national to the multinational companies likewise, especially to the exertions planned in another country. Thus, the international standard too, has become central topic which has to be referenced and denoted as `rule of the game' among various companies, in their each different levels; the national, the regional and the global levels. The Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) has become another significant issue to measure the overall corporate performances both in regional and global level, nowadays. The current important issue rolling in OHS management is its positive cultural development, as it 's cited from Biggs, et al (2005), that the occupational health and safety management approaches in Australia's construction industry which emphasize the identification and reduction on working hazard, has failed to fulfill workers' motivation to commit safety behavior, and it is important to develop and maintain OHS culture toward seasonal workers. The International Labor-Organization's Conference held by 2003 also recommended the importance of developing OHS Culture, nationally. The thesis research initially begins from a premise that explains the significant OHS cultural role in improving and fixing OHS performance, wherein the OHS performance nowadays has become another criteria for the global level corporations. The research is endeavored by applying studies over Company X's case which soon is to enter global level competition (company X is signified as a well-known state-owned construction company). However, due to the vast cultural dimension and its aspects, along with relatively long time research requirement, the research is then confined to the OHS climate, which is an awareness phase in an OHS culture perceived by organization member. Thus the results intended to be obtained in this research is all about the profile of Company X's OHS climate, by taking samples in three different working places, which are; Central Office and It's Related Divisions; The Fabrication Factory of Construction Steel; and, Prasetya Mulya Campus Building Project. The researcher applies the quantitative researching method, by distributing questionnaires in order to obtain responses of respondents from these three different working places, as a method of accessing OHS climate, according to the respondents answers. The total population of The Central Office and Its Related Divisions = 254 with 49 respondents; the total population from The Fabrication Factory of Construction Steel = 354 with 66 respondents; and, the sum of Prasetya Mulya Campus Building Project 's population is 132 with 35 respondents. Due to the relation of OHS culture towards the company's culture, researcher endeavors gathering of documentation and data findings about corporate culture, thus the researcher be able to represent the image of the positive OHS cultural development dynamic process in Company X. The research outcome, points-up the common views obtained from those three different working places, that based on the each respondents' perception, The Central Office and Its Related Divisions has a moderately strong OHS climate, The Fabrication Factory has the strongest climate, and the Prasetya Mulya Campus Building Project has little stronger OHS climate rather than the Central Office has. We finally come into the conclusion that the Company X's overall OHS climate goes in strong category, with strong rate on average variable persons, while the job and organizational variable remain moderately strong. The strongest categorized sub-variables, is Personal Commitment toward OHS. The relatively moderate categorized sub-variables are: Perceived Risk; Job Induced Stress; Safety Knowledge; Commitment to Organization; Teamwork; Attribution to Blame; Management Commitments; Management Actions; Status of Safety Personnel; and, Emergency Preparedness. While, sort of relatively less strong sub-variables, consist of Involvement in Decision Making; OHS Communications; Working Environment; Allocation of Resources; and Job Satisfaction.
To prevent all potential risks, a good safety climate is needed in the workplace. Safety climate is used to look at the psychological aspects of workers regarding their values, attitudes, and perceptions about safety in the workplace which can have an impact on behavior. Therefore, to overcome this, the application of a good safety climate is the main key in shaping workers' perceptions. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the safety climate in the Jakarta Bandung Halim High Speed Rail Development Project in 2022. This study used a quantitative method with a cross sectional design. Data collection was done online and offline using a questionnaire. A total of 70 respondents workers PT. Wijaya Karya Bangunan Gedung participated in this research. The results showed that the average score of the overall safety climate dimension was quite good. The dimensions of the safety climate are management commitment (5.52), communication (5.27), training (5.22), personal accountability (4.98), rules and procedures (5.14), and a supportive environment (5,16). Overall research results suggest that changing employee perceptions can be improved through affirmation of management commitment, regulations and procedures with adequate communication and training also supported by good personal accountability and a supportive environment.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran profil iklim keselamatan di proyek A sebagai salah satu proyek konstruksi percontohan di DKI Jakarta. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah pekerja di proyek A yang berjumlah 272 pekerja yang datanya diambil melalui kuesioner yang menggunakan metode potong lintang.
Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa iklim keselamatan di proyek A ada pada level proaktif dimana skor variabel safety as value, leadership, empowerment, dan communication memiliki angka tertinggi dan variabel commitment, accountability dan training in all levels memiliki angka yang kurang dan perlu ada perhatian dari organisasi. Pelaksanaan program dan komitmen dari manajemen menjadi fokus yang harus dilakukan proyek A demi memperbaiki iklim keselamatan di proyek A.
Construction is one sector that has a high complexity and has a rapid development every year. It can be said that the construction sector is an industry that has a high risk. The contribution of accidents in the construction sector is mostly caused by unsafe behavior even though there are already ongoing safety programs. A safety climate can increase worker safety awareness and reduce unsafe work behavior.
This study aims to describe the profile of the safety climate in project A as one of the pilot construction projects in DKI Jakarta. The sample in this study were workers in project A totaling 272 workers whose data were taken through a questionnaire using the cross-sectional method.
The results of this study explain that the safety climate in project A is at a proactive level where the scores for the variables safety as value, leadership, empowerment, and communication have the highest numbers and the variables commitment, accountability and training at all levels have less numbers and need attention from organization. Program implementation and commitment from management are the focus of project A to improve the safety climate in project A.
Industri konstruksi merupakan sektor dengan tingkat risiko kecelakaan kerja yang tinggi sehingga
penerapan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) menjadi aspek penting dalam menciptakan lingkungan
kerja yang aman. Iklim keselamatan (safety climate) berperan dalam membentuk perilaku kerja aman dan
dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik individu pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan
karakteristik individu dengan persepsi iklim keselamatan pada pekerja proyek konstruksi di PT XYZ.
Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif pada 155 pekerja
menggunakan teknik total sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner karakteristik
individu dan NOSACQ-50, kemudian dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil penelitian
menunjukkan mayoritas responden berjenis kelamin laki-laki, berada pada usia produktif 20–44 tahun,
berpendidikan SMA/sederajat, bekerja sebagai pekerja lapangan, dan memiliki masa kerja kurang dari lima
tahun. Persepsi iklim keselamatan secara umum berada pada kategori baik. Variabel jenis kelamin dan
posisi jabatan memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap persepsi iklim keselamatan, sedangkan usia,
tingkat pendidikan, dan masa kerja tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan. Posisi jabatan merupakan
faktor yang paling dominan memengaruhi persepsi iklim keselamatan pekerja. Hasil penelitian ini
diharapkan menjadi dasar dalam pengembangan strategi peningkatan K3 yang lebih efektif untuk
memperkuat budaya keselamatan kerja pada proyek konstruksi.
The construction industry is a sector with a high risk of occupational accidents; therefore, the implementation of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is an essential aspect of creating a safe working environment. Safety climate plays an important role in shaping safe work behavior and is influenced by workers’ individual characteristics. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between individual characteristics and safety climate perceptions among construction project workers at PT XYZ. This study employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design involving 155 workers using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using an individual characteristics questionnaire and NOSACQ 50 and analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. The results showed that the majority of respondents were male, within the productive age group of 20–44 years, had a senior high school education or equivalent, worked as field workers, and had less than five years of work experience. Overall, safety climate perception was categorized as good. Gender and job position showed significant relationships with safety climate perception, whereas age, educational level, and work experience showed no significant relationships. Job position was identified as the most dominant factor influencing workers’ safety climate perceptions. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a basis for developing more effective OHS improvement strategies to strengthen safety culture in construction projects.
