Hasil investigasi beberapa kasus kecelakaan kapal di perusahaan pelayaran PT. X dan laporan Kementerian Perhubungan Republik Indonesia dalam 4 (empat) tahun terakhir menyimpulkan bahwa penyebab utama kasus tabrakan kapal disebabkan faktor manusia dan teknis. Beberapa teori kecelakaan menjelaskan faktor manusia dan psikologi kerja menjadi penyebab dominan pemicu terjadinya kasus kecelakaan, seperti teori stres Occupational stress Cooper, Occupational stress WHO Cooper dan Davidson serta teori kecelakaan kapal Kristiansen, Svein. Penelitian ini bersifat noneksperimental terhadap beberapa faktor penyebab stres kerja dengan mengumpulkan data secara observasi dan membagikan lembar kuesioner. Data dievaluasi dan dianalisis menggunakan teknik univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Faktor personal diuji dan ditentukan faktor yang paling berpengaruh. Dari permodelan binary logistic diperoleh hasil faktor keahlian menjadi penyebab utama stres kerja awak kapal tunda dan tongkang minyak mentah di perusahaan pelayaran PT. X. Faktor keahlian dimaksud adalah keahlian pribadi awak kapal dalam memahami aspek keselamatan operasi kapal, melakukan olah gerak kapal, menginterpretasi sistem navigasi, menangani pekerjaan kritis harian, kemampuan interaksi sosial secara eksternal ataupun internal kapal. Untuk menjamin dan meningkatkan keahlian awak kapal, disarankan kepada PT. X untuk membentuk tim seleksi dan evaluasi awak kapal mulai dari proses rekruitmen, penempatan, hingga keseharian operasi, menyusun program pelatihan keahlian secara reguler, melakukan pelatihan keadaaan darurat yang lebih bervariasi, serta pengenalan karakteristik dan penanganan bahan-bahan berbahaya yang ada di atas kapal secara lebih mendalam kepada awak kapal. Kata kunci: Stres kerja, awak kapal,  faktor personal, kapal tunda dan tongkang minyak mentah, binary logistic.

 The investigation results of several ship collision accident cases in the shipping company PT. X or datas release from Ministry of Transportation Republic Indonesia within last 4 (four) year concluded that the main case of ship collision was caused by human and technical factors. Several of accidental theories explains that the human and psychology factors is most predominant trigger an accident cases, as described by Occupational stress Cooper theory, Occupational stress and Davidson and Cooper WHO, and ship collision Kristiansen, Svein theory. Non-experimental study of several factors caused workstress is performed by collecting observational and questionnaires datas. Datas are evaluated and analyzed further using univariate, bivariate and multivariate techniques. Personal factors variable which cause workstress is determined to obtain the most influential factor. Resulting from binary logistic modeling shows that expertise factor become the leading factor causes workstress of tugs and crude oil barges crew in shipping company PT. X. Intended of expertise factor on crew means to understanding all aspects in safely operation manner while they are works in the ships, manouvering, interpret the navigation system, carried out daily critical jobs, internal and externally social interaction skills. To ensure and enhance the expertise of the crew, it is suggested to PT. X to perform a selection and evaluation team procedure at the beginning of crew recruitment, placement, day to day operations, develop their skills by set up training program on a regular basis, performed varied of emergency drills, and in depth introduction on handling safely of hazardous materials available on board. Key words: Workstress, crew, personal factors, tug boat and crude oil barges, binary logistic

Pelaut, khususnya mereka yang berada dalam peran menuntut seperti awak kapal tugboat, menghadapi tekanan yang dapat memengaruhi kesehatan mental secara signifikan. Meskipun peran krusial mereka dalam perdagangan global, kesejahteraan psikologis para profesional ini seringkali kurang tergarap. Penelitian ini menganalisis faktor-faktor risiko depresi, kecemasan, serta stres kerja pada 36 awak kapal tugboat di PT. X pada tahun 2024. Seluruh partisipan menunjukkan indikasi gejala moderat hingga parah pada ketiga indikator psikologis tersebut. Mayoritas awak kapal (berusia 30 tahun dan sudah menikah) melaporkan bahwa pengaruh keluarga berkontribusi positif terhadap rasa aman dan kepuasan. Namun, proporsi yang signifikan juga mengungkapkan kekhawatiran mengenai rendahnya umpan balik dan komitmen di lingkungan kerja mereka. Meskipun keamanan kapal secara umum dianggap memadai dan tekanan kerja dinilai seimbang, sebagian besar responden telah bekerja lebih dari lima tahun. Analisis statistik menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara pengaruh keluarga dan tekanan kerja dengan depresi. Lebih lanjut, pengaruh keluarga, tekanan kerja, dan keamanan kapal secara kolektif berkontribusi terhadap stres dan kecemasan. Temuan ini menggarisbawahi peran krusial dukungan keluarga, dampak tuntutan tempat kerja, dan persepsi keamanan dalam membentuk kesejahteraan mental para pelaut. Studi ini menyoroti tantangan kesehatan mental dalam kelompok pekerjaan yang rentan ini untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan keselamatan operasional mereka secara keseluruhan.
Kata Kunci: Kesehatan Mental Pelaut, Stres Kerja, Awak Kapal Tugboat, Faktor Risiko

Seafarers, particularly those in demanding roles like tugboat crews, face unique stressors that can significantly impact their mental health. Despite their critical role in global trade, the psychological well-being of these professionals often remains understudied. This study investigated the risk factors of depression, anxiety, and work-related stress among 36 tugboat crew members at PT. X in 2024. All participants exhibited moderate to severe symptoms across all three psychological indicators. The majority of the crew (aged 30, married) reported that family influence positively contributed to feelings of security and satisfaction. However, a notable proportion also expressed concerns regarding low feedback and commitment within their work environment. While ship safety was generally perceived as adequate, and work pressure was considered balanced, a substantial number of respondents had worked for over five years. Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between family influence and work pressure with depression. Furthermore, family influence, work pressure, and ship safety collectively contributed to both stress and anxiety. These findings underscore the critical role of familial support, the impact of workplace demands, and perceived safety in shaping the mental well-being of seafarers. The study highlights mitigating mental health challenges in this vulnerable occupational group, thus improving their overall quality of life and operational safety. Keywords: Seafarer Mental Health, Occupational Stress, Tugboat Crew, Risk Factors

ABSTRAK

Awak kapal feri mempunyai karakteristik kerja yang unik, jadwal kerja 24 jamterus menerus di kapal dengan libur hanya 3 hari sebulan, terpajan risiko kondisilingkungan kerja yang dapat menjadi penyebab timbulnya stres kerja. Stres kerjaawak kapal jika tidak ditanggulangi akan berpengaruh terhadap kesehatannya sertakeselamatan kapal dan penumpang. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperolehgambaran faktor pekerjaan (job content-job context), yang berhubungan denganstres kerja pada awak kapal feri non perwira di pelabuhan Telaga Punggur.Metode yang digunakan adalah Cross Sectional Descriptive Research, pengukurandata menggunakan kuesioner, analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat.Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan 35 % responden mengalami stres kerja dan 65 %tidak mengalami stres kerja. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan faktor yangmempunyai hubungan bermakna dengan stres kerja adalah kondisi lingkungankerja, dimana awak kapal yang mempunyai persepsi bahwa kondisi lingkungankerja di kapal berbahaya mempunyai peluang lebih besar mengalami stres kerjadibanding awak kapal yang menganggap lingkungan kerja di kapal tidakberbahaya.

ABSTRACT

The ferry's crew has a unique job characteristics, 24 hours work schedulecontinuously on the ship with only three days off a month, being exposed to the riskof working environment conditions that can cause an incidence of work stress.Work stress of the crew will have an effect on their health and also to the safety ofthe ship and its passengers. The purpose of the research was to gain an overview ofwork factors (job content-job context) related to work stress on the ferry crew inThe Telaga Punggur Port 2013. The method used is Cross Sectional DescriptiveResearch, measurement data using questionnaires, analysis of the data done byunivariate and bivariat. Research results obtained 35% of ferry crew experienced astressful job and 65% are not subjected to the stress of work. Results of statisticaltests indicate factor that have a meaningful relationship with work stress is acondition of the work environment, where the crew had the perception that theenvironmental conditions of work on board is harmfull has a chance of greaterstress than crew who consider the work environment on board is not harmfull.