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The process discharge of patients in hospital Masmitra is still not optimal, becausethere is no groove that describes the process of returning the patient as a whole. Byapplying the concept of Lean, value stream mapping current conditions which showsthat the process of returning patients there were 41 activities and only 51% are valueadded, and of course has implications for wastage. From the analysis of the rootcauses of acquired ideas repair, and then carried into the re-design of the newprocess flow is considered ideal to produce a total of only 17 activities, 83% of whichis value added. With the implementation of Lean Concept in RS Masmitra, expectedefficiency will also occur when the work is done in accordance with what is requiredby the patient, right time, the right size and right on target.Keywords: Lean concepts, acceleration, patient discharge
Kata kunci: pemulangan pasien, asuransi, perusahaan, lean six sigma
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisa alur proses yang adasekaligus memberikan usulan perbaikan agar proses pemulangan pasien rawatinap menjadi lebih cepat. Desain penelitian ini adalah analisis kualitatif denganmetode lean thinking melalui telaah dokumen, wawancara mendalam danobservasi.
Hasil penelitian didapatkan lead time atau waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk pemulangan pasien adalah 252,4 menit (4,2 jam). Total waktu kegiatanyang bersifat value added 168 menit, sedangkan total waktu kegiatan yangbersifat non value added adalah 84,4 menit. Dari identifikasi nilai yang dilakukanterhadap alur proses pemulangan pasien ini ditemukan waste sebesar 63,6 menityang bila bisa dihilangkan akan memotong lead time menjadi 188,3 menit (3,1jam).
Keyword : lean thinking, pemulangan pasien rawat inapUniversitas Indonesia
Process of discharging hospitalized patient is part of service given by the hospital.A Good and satisfying service during hospitalization can turn into unsatisfiedperception if at the end of hospitalization there is obstacle in discharging patientand make the process longer.
This research is to analyze the process and give agood suggestion for discharging inpatient process in order to make it moreefficient. Design of this research is lean thinking method using document analysis, interview, and observation.
Result of the research indicating lead time or timeneeded for discharging patient is 252.4 minutes (4.2 hours). Total activity timewhich is value added is 168 minute, while total activity time which is non valueadded is 84.4 minute. Base on this value identification found waste value time63.6 minute can be diminished and cutting lead time to 188.4 minute (3.1hour).
Keyword : lean thinking, discharging inpatient.
Kata kunci : proses pemulangan pasien, lean,value added, non value added
The discharge process of inpatients is a complex process that involves many units in its implementation. The lean approach is an approach to production processes that penetrate the boundaries between units and can provide a clear picture of the process from the beginning to the end and can provide improvements. This study was conducted to analyze the discharge process of inpatients BPJS Kesehatan upgrade class patients at BaliMed Hospital Karangasem with a lean approach. The results of the qualitative research using observational data collection methods, document review and in-depth interviews received a long process of discharge process reaching 192.9 minutes with 29.6% value added activities and 70.4% non value added activity with 15 activities which are waste. The proposed improvements made with a lean approach were able to increase the percentage of value added activities to 70.2% and suppress non value added activities to 29.8% and streamline the return process activities from 21 activities to 15 activities.
Key Word : Discharge process, lean, value added, non value added
Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain literature review tipe integrative review dengan menganalisis hasil dari penelitian yang sudah ada sebelumnya.
Hasil: Digunakan 16 artikel mengenai keterlambatan proses pemulangan pasien rawat inap rumah sakit di Indonesia yang diterbitkan dari tahun 2010-2020. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, hanya ditemukan satu rumah sakit yang sudah memenuhi standar waktu yang telah ditentukan, sedangkan masih ditemukan banyak rumah sakit yang belum memenuhi standar.
Kesimpulan: Penyebab keterlambatan proses pemulangan pasien saling berkaitan satu sama lain. Pada faktor sumber daya rumah sakit, sumber daya manusia (SDM) merupakan faktor yang paling sering ditemukan karena peran petugas sangat penting dalam keseluruhan proses pelayanan. Pada faktor proses pelayanan rumah sakit, proses pelayanan administrasi rawat inap merupakan faktor yang memakan waktu paling lama untuk keseluruhan hasil dari penelitian sebelumnya. Berdasarkan metode pembayarannya, pasien asuransi atau jaminan perusahaan membutuhkan waktu paling lama dibandingkan pasien umum dan BPJS karena terdapat proses konfirmasi pihak asuransi yang merupakan kegiatan diluar kontrol rumah sakit.
Kata Kunci: Faktor penyebab; proses pemulangan pasien; rawat inap; waktu tunggu; indonesia
Background: Inpatient discharge process always becomes problem in Indonesian hospital because the time taken for completion never met the standard established by Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan RI No. 129 of 2008 which states that the process of returning patients from patients is allowed to go home by DPJP until patients get bills from the hospital administration no more than 2 hours. Discharge process is a complex process because it consists of many procedures and engages various departments. The purpose of this study is to describe the cause factors of inpatient discharge process delay in Indonesian hospital.
Method: This study analyzes every results from previous studies using literature review type integrative review.
Results: This study includes 16 literatures about the delay in inpatient discharge process published from 2010-2020. The result shows that only one hospital met the standard, but most of them never met the standard.
Conclusions: The caused of delay in inpatient discharge process are related to each other. From hospital resource factors, human resource is the most commonly found factor because the role of staffs are important in the overall process. In hospital service process factors, administration process is the one which takes the longest time. Based on the payment method, private insurance patients and company guarantees need the longest time rather than general patients (out of pocket) or BPJS because there is an insurance confirmation process and it is out of hospital control.
Key words: Factor; discharge process; inpatient; waiting time; indonesia
Kata Kunci : Lean Six Sigma, pemulangan pasien, rawat inap
This study discusses the analysis of the process of inpatient discharge process with lean six sigma method in RSUP Fatmawati. The purpose of this research is to know the process of inpatient discharge until the patient left the inpatient room at RSUP Fatmawati. This type of research is quantitative and qualitative by using time motion studies and using operational research with the method of observation and in-depth interview. The result of the research shows that the average return time of patient is 230 minutes with non value added activity 212 minutes and value added activity 18 minutes. The longest process took place in an inpatient room with a duration of 143 minutes, due to the patient's family waiting to take care of the administration home. The results of the study suggest that the patient discharge administration officer, the associated workload analysis, conduct a review of the patient's return policy, and optimize SIMRS by enforcing the electronic system for time and human resource efficiency.
Keywords: Lean Six Sigma, discharge process, inpatient
Latar Belakang : Waktu tunggu sering kali dijadikan indikator untuk menilai kualitas pelayanan rumah sakit oleh pasien. Salah satu aspek yang menjadi perhatian adalah waktu tunggu untuk pemulangan pasien. Data RS Mitra Keluarga Bintaro tahun 2023 menunjukkan rata-rata waktu tunggu pasien adalah 87 menit dengan perbedaan yang cukup signifikan antara pasien dengan penjaminan pribadi (66 menit) dan penjaminan asuransi (121 menit). Data rata-rata waktu tunggu tersebut terhitung sejak dokter memberikan instruksi pulang hingga pasien melakukan billing akhir. Data tersebut belum terhitung hingga pasien meninggalkan ruang rawat inap. Standar pelayanan minimal waktu tunggu pemulangan pasien rawat inap yang ditetapkan oleh Kemenkes yaitu kurang dari 120 menit. Pencapaian waktu tunggu pasien yang keluar dalam waktu ≤ 2 jam tercatat sebesar 88%, meskipun masih belum memenuhi target korporat yang ditetapkan sebesar 100%.
Metode : Penelitian ini mengadopsi desain operational research yang mengintegrasikan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling, dengan total sampel sebanyak 38 pasien yang pulang setelah menjalani rawat inap. Pemilihan sampel didasarkan pada distribusi hari, jam kepulangan, dan jenis metode penjaminan yang telah ditetapkan.
Hasil : Hasil penelitian dengan pendekatan lean six sigma berhasil mengidentifikasi lead time pemulangan pasien rawat inap di RS Mitra Keluarga Bintaro sebesar 5 jam 10 menit 54 detik dimana 69% merupakan kegiatan non value added yang didominasi oleh waste tipe waiting sebesar 3 jam 14 menit 23 detik. Akar masalah dari memanjangnya waktu tunggu pemulangan pasien rawat inap berada di fase III pada kegiatan menunggu pasien meninggalkan ruang rawat inap. Penerapan lean six sigma dalam proses pemulangan pasien rawat inap di RS Mitra Keluarga Bintaro berhasil mengurangi lead time sebesar 16%, dari 5 jam 10 menit 54 detik menjadi 4 jam 21 menit 25 detik. Pengurangan lead time ini diikuti dengan penurunan waste di seluruh tahapan pemulangan pasien, dengan penurunan waste terbesar terjadi pada fase I, yaitu sebesar 44%, dari 1 jam 3 menit 27 detik menjadi 35 menit 46 detik.
Kesimpulan : Terdapat penurunan waktu tunggu pemulangan pasien rawat inap di RS Mitra Keluarga Bintaro setelah penerapan lean six sigma. Penurunan waktu tunggu pemulangan pasien rawat inap masih diatas target standar pelayanan minimal yang ditetapkan oleh Kemenkes.
Background : Waiting time is often used as an indicator to assess the quality of hospital services by patients. One aspect of concern is the waiting time for patient discharge. Data from Mitra Keluarga Bintaro Hospital in 2023 showed that the average patient waiting time was 87 minutes with a significant difference between patients with personal guarantees (66 minutes) and insurance guarantees (121 minutes). The average waiting time data is calculated from when the doctor gives instructions to go home until the patient makes the final billing. The data does not include until the patient leaves the inpatient room. The minimum service standard for inpatient discharge waiting time set by the Ministry of Health is less than 120 minutes. The achievement of waiting time for patients who leave within ≤ 2 hours was recorded at 88%, although it still does not meet the corporate target set at 100%. Method : This study adopted an operational research design that integrates quantitative and qualitative methods. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling, with a total sample of 38 patients who returned home after undergoing inpatient care. Sample selection was based on the distribution of days, hours of discharge, and types of guarantee methods that had been determined. Hasil : The results of the study using the lean six sigma approach successfully identified the lead time for inpatient discharge at Mitra Keluarga Bintaro Hospital of 5 hours 10 minutes 54 seconds, where 69% were non-value added activities dominated by waiting type waste of 3 hours 14 minutes 23 seconds. The root of the problem of the long waiting time for inpatient discharge is in phase III in the activity of waiting for the patient to leave the inpatient room. The application of lean six sigma in the inpatient discharge process at Mitra Keluarga Bintaro Hospital successfully reduced the lead time by 16%, from 5 hours 10 minutes 54 seconds to 4 hours 21 minutes 25 seconds. This reduction in lead time was followed by a decrease in waste in all stages of patient discharge, with the largest decrease in waste occurring in phase I, which was 44%, from 1 hour 3 minutes 27 seconds to 35 minutes 46 seconds. Kesimpulan : There is a decrease in the waiting time for discharge of inpatients at Mitra Keluarga Bintaro Hospital after the implementation of lean six sigma. The decrease in the waiting time for discharge of inpatients is still above the minimum service standard target set by the Ministry of Health.
