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HIV tetap menjadi tantangan besar bagi kesehatan global. Meskipun telah terjadi penurunan infeksi baru dan peningkatan akses ke pengobatan antiretroviral (ARV), tantangan signifikan masih ada. Keberhasilan terapi ARV sangat ditentukan oleh kepatuhan minum obat ARV. Klinik PDP RSUD Brebes merupakan salah satu rumah sakit umum daerah yang menjalankan pengobatan HIV/AIDS yang ada di Kabupaten Brebes, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat Gambaran Ketidakpatuhan Minum Obat ARV Pada Pasien HIV/AIDS Lelaki Seks Lelaki (LSL) Di Klinik PDP (Perawatan Dukungan & Pengobatan) RSUD Brebes. Untuk melihat gambaran ketidak patuhan minum obat ARV berdasarkan 6 komponen Health Belief Model yaitu Modifying Factors (Faktor Modifikasi), Perceived Susceptibility (Persepsi Kerentanan), Perceived Severity (Persepsi Keseriusan), Perceived Benefits (Persepsi Manfaat), Perceived Barriers (Persepsi Hambatan), Cues to Action (Isyarat untuk Bertindak) dan Self-Efficacy (Efikasi Diri). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan wawancara mendalam. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masih ditemukan ketidakpatuhan ODHIV LSL dalam pengambil obat di RSUD dan tidak rutin dalam minum obat ARV. Faktor Modifikasi yang mendukung pasien tidak patuh dalam pengobatan diantaranya pengetahuan dan sosial ekonomi. Persepsi Kerentanan terhadap tidak rutin minum obat ARV pasien akan merasakan badan tidak bersemangat dan mudah rentan dengan muncul penyakit-penyakit lain. Persepsi keseriusan akibat tidak rutin minum obat ARV, CD4 menurun, Viral Load meningkat, terjadi resisten obat ARV dan bisa mengakibatkan kematian. Persepsi manfaat yang dirasakan dari rutin minum obat ARV tubuh tetap sehat dan produktif. Hambatan yang dialami oleh pasien diantaranya efek samping obat, biaya pengobatan, jarak, pekerjaan, konsumsi alkohol/penggunaan popers, merasa diri sudah sehat dan belum buka status HIV dengan keluarga, menggunakan alaram, pengingat dari whatssap grup, sering berdiskusi dengan sesama sebaya dan konseling rutin dari petugas kesehatan merupakan isyarat untuk bertindak demikian juga dengan keyakinan diri untuk bisa minum obat ARV secara teratur.
HIV remains a major challenge for global health. Despite a decrease in new infections and increased access to antiretroviral (ARV) treatment, significant challenges persist. The success of ARV therapy is highly dependent on adherence to ARV medication. The PDP Clinic at RSUD Brebes is one of the regional public hospitals providing HIV/AIDS treatment in Brebes Regency, Central Java. This study aims to examine the Non-Adherence to ARV Medication among HIV/AIDS Patients who are Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) at the PDP (Care, Support & Treatment) Clinic of RSUD Brebes. It aims to explore non-adherence to ARV medication based on the six components of the Health Belief Model: Modifying Factors, Perceived Susceptibility, Perceived Severity, Perceived Benefits, Perceived Barriers, Cues to Action, and Self-Efficacy. This research is a qualitative study using in-depth interviews. The study shows that non-adherence among MSM HIV patients in taking medication at RSUD is still found, and they are not consistent in taking ARV medication. Modifying factors that contribute to non-adherence include knowledge and socioeconomic status. Perceived susceptibility to not regularly taking ARV medication includes feeling unenergetic and being more susceptible to other diseases. The perceived severity of not regularly taking ARV medication includes decreased CD4 count, increased viral load, ARV drug resistance, and potential death. The perceived benefits of regularly taking ARV medication include maintaining health and productivity. Barriers experienced by patients include medication side effects, treatment costs, distance, work, alcohol consumption/poppers use, feeling healthy, and not disclosing HIV status to family. Using alarms, reminders from WhatsApp groups, frequent discussions with peers, and regular counseling from healthcare workers are cues to action, along with self-confidence to regularly take ARV medication. Key words: HIV/AIDS, ARV Therapy, Non-compliance, MSM
Kata kunci: obat, perilaku, sumber informasi, pengetahuan, sikap
Community behavior in medicine use could be improved by organizing communication, information, and education so that people can choose safe, efficacy, and quality medicine products. This study aims to analyze factors related to community behavior in medicine use by using data analysis of public awareness index survey in choosing drug and food in 2016 with cross sectional method and multiple logistic regression. The result shows that the information source factor is the most dominant factor related to the community behavior in medicine use (OR = 4). A large amounts of information sources potentially increase community behavior in medicine use 4 times compared to limited information sources. Therefore, the health promotion effort related to the medicine use is necessary needed.
Keywords: medicine, behavior, information exposure, knowledge, attitude
Mechanical ventilator is one of the important aspects and frequently used for treatment of critical patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The duration for using mechanical ventilator is important factors caused VAP. This research aimed to find the correlation between duration of mechanical ventilator use and Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) case in ICU RSUD Tarakan Hospital Jakarta 2014 2017. This was an analitic research with observational study (cross-sectional design). Sampling method used consecutive sampling by observed medical records of patients who used mechanical ventilator at least 48 hours and treated at least 3 days in ICU RSUD Tarakan Hospital Jakarta January 2014 December 2017, as many as 106 sampels. Data was analyzed by chi-square, t-test independent, and logistic regression. Prevalention of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) was about 17,9%. Duration of mechanical ventilator use and duration of treatment had significant correlation to VAP. While age, basic disease, sleep position, surgery and antibiotic treatment insignificant to VAP. Multivariate analysis showed that duration of mechanical ventilators use variable was the most dominant variable related to VAP OR=5,265 (95% CI: 1,084-25,548)
