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This research describes about the workstation design compliance, work posture, anddescription of musculoskeletal system symptoms among computer users at headoffice of PT X Jakarta year 2016. The research was carried out by using descriptivemethod and cross sectional as design study, by observing the workstation design(chair, desk, monitor, keyboard and mouse, and telephone) compliance against therespective standard (OSHA) using observation checklist as measurement tool, theobservation of work posture and the level of work posture risk among the computerusers were conducted by using ROSA (Rapid Office Strain Assessment) method, toget brief description of musculoskeletal system symptoms was by interviewing therespondent and completing CMDQ (Cornell Musculoskeletal DiscomfortQuestionnaire). Therefore, from this research, it may be used as reference todetermine the corrective action and control measure based on hierarchy of riskcontrol related to nonconformity of work station design, work posture and the issueof musculoskeletal system symptoms.
Computers are work tools that are familiar to office workers. This activity can increase the risk of discomfort to body and become musculoskeletal pain. This study aims to analyse the relationship of individual factors (posture, age, sex, and body mass index) and work environment (temperature and lighting) on occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders at PT. X. This paper is also assessing the ergonomics of work station at PT. X based on PERMENKES no. 48 of 2016 concerning Office K3 Standards. The design of this study was cross-sectional with 42 workers and direct observation. 61.9% of workers experienced pain in the body during the last 1 month. The results of Nordic Body Map questionnaire show the most pain occurrence are at point 5 (back) as much as 57,7%, point 7 (waist) as much as 53,8%, and point 0 (upper neck) as much as 46,2%. Through quantitative analysis, it is known that on the individual factors, only the body mass index factor has a correlation (rho = 0,330 = moderate positive correlation) and significant (p-value = 0,033) on pain occurrence. Meanwhile, on the work environment factor, only the lighting factor has correlation (rho = -0.323 = moderate negative correlation) and significant (p-value = 0.037) on pain occurrence. Work station at PT. X needs some improvements because an unergonomic work station can be one of the contributors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders occurrence complaints among workers
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) have the highest proportion of 45% - 91 % in most countries (Eurostat,2004; Aweto 2015). Awkward posture is the main cause of this MSDs. Chemical Process Industry is one work station in which awkward work posture is often found. The present study discusses more thoroughly on risk factor on awkward posture as information and basic model for ergonomic improvement at PT X. The risk factors studied included risk factor of individual, work and workplace design. This study uses descriptive qualitative analysis using oberservational approach. Instrument used was Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) with interview, observation and measurement. The study was conducted at 2 (two) work stations namely Toluenesulfonyl Hydrazide (TSH) and Azodicarbonamide (ADCA) reaction. Research result revealed that the most risky work posture was in weighing and packaging activity of Azodicarbonamide in the ADCA work station with score of 15. Improvement using work rotation, work variation, ergonomic training and provision of tools is highly recommended to overcome awkward posture.
The objective of this study are to describe profile and relationship between individual and occupational risks factors with musculoskeletal discomfort in office workers of PT. X Jakarta. This is cross-sectional using secondary data of medical check up (MCU) and RSIGuard software for 607 workers. There are 272 of 607 workers (48.1%) complained musculoskeletal discomfort based on self-asessment result. Based on bivariate test results a significant (p <0.005) for individual factors (height, weight, exercise, sex and medical finding during MCU), and occupational risk factors from computer usages (self assessment risk, overall risk level, average daily mouse use, break time taken and average strain of mouse use). The final model of multivariate test results a significant correlation of gender, findings of musculoskeletal problems, self-assessment and overall assessment with musculoskeletal discomfort complaints. Suggestions addressed to reduce occupational factors to prevent discomfort and work-related musculoskeletal disorder through ergonomic princips.
Population issues are still very complex. One of the real problems faced is population growth which is still relatively high. One part of population growth can not be separated from the number of children ever born. One of the factors thought to be related to the number of children ever born is economic status. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between economic status and the number of live births in women aged less than 45 years who are married whose reproductive period is still running and those aged 45-49 years who are married who have entered the end of their reproductive period. This research was conducted using a cross-sectional study design using data from the Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (IDHS) in 2017. This study found that in both age groups it was known that there was a significant relationship between economic status and the number of children ever born. It was also found that greater odds were found for very poor, poor, middle, and rich economic status compared to women whose economic status was very rich. Furthermore, it was found that in women aged less than 45 years, it was found that the variables of education, employment status, age at first marriage, contraceptive use, and preference for number of children were confounders between economic status and the number of children ever born. Meanwhile, for women aged 45-49 years, the variables of area of residence, employment status at the age of first marriage, contraceptive use, and preference for number of children become confounders between economic status and number of children ever born.
MSDs sering dialami oleh pekerja perkantoran karena banyak menghabiskan waktunya
untuk melakukan pekerjaan statis. Di PT X, keluhan terkait MSDs seringkali muncul, namun PT X belum melakukan pengukuran terkait dengan risiko ergonomi dan MSDs sejak periode September 2021. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat keluhan MSDs PT X dan apakah ada hubungannya dengan faktor risiko individu (usia, jenis kelamin, aktivitas fisik, dan IMT) dan postur kerja. Hubungan di antar variabel diuji menggunakan uji spearman. Faktor risiko yang berhubungan signifikan adalah faktor risiko individu IMT dengan P value = 0.018 dan koefisien korelasi -0.41 yang menandakan arah hubungan negatif dengan kekuatan hubungan cukup. Arah hubungan negatif berarti adanya hubungan terbalik di antara IMT dan tingkat keluhan MSDs. Semakin tinggi IMT, kemungkinan untuk mengalami MSDs akan semakin rendah.
MSDs is closely associated with those who works office job as they spent most of their time sitting in the same position. At PT X, MSDs complaints frequently occurred, however, no ergonomic assessments have been conducted since September 2021. This study aims to get the general level of MSDs complaints among office workers at PT X and to examine whetere there is a relationship between the level of MSDs complaints and individual risk factors (age, gender, physical activity, and BMI) as well as working postures. The correlation between variables were tested using the Spearman correlation test. BMI was found to have a significant relationship with MSDs with a p-value of 0.018 and a correlation coefficient of -0.41 that indicates a moderate negative relationships. This outcome suggests that those with higher BMI, have a lower likelihood to experience MSDs
Kata kunci: ergonomi, kantor, otot rangka.
Administrative workers are at risk for MSDs (Musculoskeletal Disorders). This research was conducted in order to give a description of ergonomic risk related to MSDs on typing activity among administration workers. Methodology that were used are RULA, QEC, ROSA, and NBQ. Results show that typing is a high risk activity, further evaluation are frequently required and changes need to be made. Posture while using computer are in category which needs ergonomic intervention. Neck, right and left shoulder, upper and lower back, are areas that are most complained, both in the last 1 year or 1 week. Typing is a high risk activity among administrative workers.
Keywords: ergonomic, office, musculoskeletal.
Kata Kunci:BRIEF, ergonomi, keluhan gangguan otot rangka, NMQ, penanganan bebanmanual
Manual handling is an activity that can cause musculoskeletal disorders. Thisresearch illustrates ergonomics risk level in manual handling activities and alsoillustrates the distribution of musculoskeletal complaints at the back end area ofstore X Depok in 2016. It is a descriptive observational study with cross-sectionaldesign. The ergonomics risk level was assessed by BRIEF method which evaluateposture, force, duration, and frequency. This research also gathered information onindividual characteristics (such as occupation, age, job tenure, smoking behavior,education, and gender) of the workers who perform manual handling activityregularly in back end area. The data of musculoskeletal symptoms complaints werecollected using NMQ questionnaires with 11 responden. The result of this studyindicates several activites in back end area are high risk to left elbow, right elbow,left shoulder, right shoulder, and back. Most complaints come from right shoulderand lower back with 45,5%. Manual handling activity can be reduced by usingpallet stacker with adjustable height and educate the workers about ergonomics.
Key words:BRIEF, ergonomics, manual handling, musculoskeletal complaint, NMQ.
