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Eka Rosiyati; Pembimbing: Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika; Penguji: Endang Laksminingsih Achadi, Kusharisupeni Djokosujono, Siti Masruroh, Rahmawati
Abstrak:
Latar belakang:Obesitas ditetapkan sebagai epidemi global dan menyebabkan risiko kematian. Dampak yang ditimbulkan tidak hanya medis, tetapi juga psikologis serta hilangnya produktivitas dan tambahan biaya ekonomi.Berdasarkan data Riskesdas (2018) prevalensi obesitas telah mencapai 21,8%. Prevalensi ini cenderung mulai meningkat setelah usia 35 tahun ke atas. Tingginya obesitas mengindikasikan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi peningkatan obesitas tersebut. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor dominan kejadian obesitas penduduk Indonesia usia 36-65 tahun. Metode:Penelitian ini adalah studi kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional menggunakan data sekunder IFLS 2014. Faktor-faktor yang dianalisis hubungannya terhadap kejadian obesitas adalah usia, jenis kelamin, suku, status kawin, pendidikan, pekerjaan, penghasilan, kebiasaan makan sumber karbohidrat, kebiasaan makan sumber protein, kebiasaan makan sumber lemak, kebiasaan makan sayuran, kebiasaan makan buah, aktifitas fisik berat, aktifitas fisik sedang, aktifitas fisik jalan kaki, kebiasaan merokok, wilayah tempat tinggal, tinggi badan (stunting). Hasil : Berdasarkan hasil analisis multivariat dengan regresi logistik ganda menunjukkan determinan kejadian obesitas adalah usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, pekerjaan, penghasilan, kebiasaan makan sumber protein, kebiasaan makan buah, kebiasaan merokok dan wilayah tempat tinggal. Kesimpulan : Faktor dominan kejadian obesitas adalah jenis kelamin, yaitu perempuan memiliki risiko menjadi obese 2,1 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan laki-laki.Kata kunci : Obesitas, Dewasa, Lansia
Background:Obesity has been defined as a global epidemic and triples the risk of death. The impact is not only medically, but also psychologically as well as the disappearance of productivity and economic costs. Based on Riskesdas 2018, the prevalence of obesity had reached 21.8%. This prevalence tends to increase after the age of 35 years and above and then decreases after the age of 60 years and over. The main objective of this research is to find out the dominant factors in the incidence of obesity in the Indonesian population aged 36-65 years. Methods:This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data of IFLS 2014. Factors analyzed in relation to the incidence of obesity are age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, education, employment, income, eating habits of carbohydrates, eating habits protein, eating habits, sources of fat, eating habits, eating habits, heavy physical activity, moderate physical activity, walking physical activity, smoking habits, area of residence, height (stunting). Results:Based on the results of multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression showed determinant factors of obesity are age, sex, education, occupation, income, eating habits of protein, , eating habits of fruit, smoking habits and area of residence. Conclusions: The dominant factor in the incidence of obesity is gender, women have a risk of becoming obese 2,1 times higher than men
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Background:Obesity has been defined as a global epidemic and triples the risk of death. The impact is not only medically, but also psychologically as well as the disappearance of productivity and economic costs. Based on Riskesdas 2018, the prevalence of obesity had reached 21.8%. This prevalence tends to increase after the age of 35 years and above and then decreases after the age of 60 years and over. The main objective of this research is to find out the dominant factors in the incidence of obesity in the Indonesian population aged 36-65 years. Methods:This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data of IFLS 2014. Factors analyzed in relation to the incidence of obesity are age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, education, employment, income, eating habits of carbohydrates, eating habits protein, eating habits, sources of fat, eating habits, eating habits, heavy physical activity, moderate physical activity, walking physical activity, smoking habits, area of residence, height (stunting). Results:Based on the results of multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression showed determinant factors of obesity are age, sex, education, occupation, income, eating habits of protein, , eating habits of fruit, smoking habits and area of residence. Conclusions: The dominant factor in the incidence of obesity is gender, women have a risk of becoming obese 2,1 times higher than men
T-5515
Depok : FKM UI, 2019
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nurjihan Fakhriah; Pembimbing: Trini Sudiarti; Penguji: Triyani Kresnawan, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika
Abstrak:
Obesitas sentral merupakan kondisi dimana terjadi penumpukkan lemak di bagian perut. Obesitas sentral berhubungan dengan risiko penyakit tidak menular seperti diabetes melitus tipe II, hipertensi, dislipidemia, sindrom metabolik, dan kanker. Prevalensi obesitas sentral diketahui meningkat baik di negara maju dan negara berkembang. Sebanyak 40,2% individu di dunia diperkirakan mengalami obesitas sentral. Indonesia termasuk negara berkembang dengan peningkatan prevalensi obesitas sentral dengan peningkatan dari tahun 2007, 2013, dan 2018 menurut data Riskesdas berturut- turut sebesar 18%, 26% , dan 31%. Peningkatan obesitas sentral dikaitkan dengan perkembangan ekonomi dan urbanisasi yang menyebabkan perubahan tidak menguntungkan dalam kebiasaan konsumsi makanan berkalori tinggi dan minuman manis, aktivitas fisik, perilaku sedentari, dan stres. Data Riskesdas 2018 menunjukkan prevalensi obesitas sentral di daerah perkotaan lebih tinggi dari prevalensi nasional, yaitu sebesar 35%. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis lebih lanjut mengenai faktor dominan kejadian obesitas sentral pada penduduk usia 25-64 tahun di wilayah perkotaan Indonesia. Terdapat sebanyak 194.049 responden Riskesdas 2018 yang dilibatkan dalam penelitian.. Analisis data menggunakan uji bivariat chi-square dan uji multivariat regresi logistik ganda pada perangkat pengolah data. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa terdapat 15 variabel yang berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian obesitas sentral, diantaranya: usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, status pekerjaan, status pernikahan, gangguan mental emosional, konsumsi makanna manis, konsumsi minuman manis, konsumsi makanan berlemak/gorengan, konsumsi softdrink, konsumsi alkohol, aktivitas fisik, dan kebiasaan merokok (p-value <0,05). Jenis kelamin perempuan diketahui sebagai faktor dominan kejadian obesitas sentral pada penduduk usia 25-64 tahun di wilayah perkotaa Indonesia (p-value 0,0005). OR dari kejadian obesitas sentral lebih tinggi 4,060 (95%CI: 3,947-4,175) kali pada kelompok responden berjenis kelamin perempuan, setelah dikontrol oleh variabel lainnya. Dengan demikian, masyarakat di wilayah perkotan, khususnya perempuan, dihimbau untuk lebih meningkatkan kesadaran terkait obesitas sentral . Masyarakat dihimbau untuk dapat mengurangi konsumsi makanan berisiko, melakukan olahraga secara teratur, menghindari stres, dan menghindari perilaku merokok dan konsumsi alkohol. Instansi kesehatan diharapkan dapat membantu masyarakat dengan memberikan edukasi gizi dan promosi keseatan terkait obesitas sentral.
Central obesity is a condition where there is an accumulation of fat in the abdomen. Central obesity is associated with the risk of non-communicable diseases such as type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. The prevalence of central obesity is known to increase in both developed and developing countries. As many as 40.2% of individuals in the world are estimated to have central obesity. Indonesia is a developing country with an increasing prevalence of central obesity with an increase from 2007, 2013, and 2018 according to riskesdas data, respectively, by 18%, 26%, and 31%. The increase in central obesity is associated with economic development and urbanization leading to unfavorable changes in consumption habits of high-calorie foods and sugary drinks, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and stress. Riskesdas 2018 data states that the prevalence of central obesity in urban areas is higher than the national prevalence, which is 35%. This study aims to further analyze the dominant factors in the incidence of central obesity in the population aged 25-64 years in urban areas of Indonesia. There were 194,049 riskesdas 2018 respondents who were involved in this study. Data analysis used chi-square bivariate test and multiple logistic regression multivariate test on the applicationThe results showed that there were 15 variables that were significantly associated with the incidence of central obesity, including: age, gender, education level, employment status, emotional mental health, consumption of sweet foods, sugary drinks, fatty foods, soft drinks, fruit and vegetable consumption, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and smoking habits (p-value <0,05). Female gender is known as the dominant factor in the incidence of central obesity in the population aged 25-64 years in urban areas of Indonesia (p-value 0,0005). The OR of the incidence of central obesity was 4.06 (95%CI: 3,947-4,175) higher in the female respondent group, after being controlled by other variables. Thus, people in urban areas, especially women, are urged to increase awareness regarding central obesity. The public is encouraged to reduce the consumption of risky foods, do exercise regularly, avoid stress, and avoid smoking and alcohol consumption. Health agencies are expected to help the community by providing nutrition education and promotion of health related to central obesity.
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Central obesity is a condition where there is an accumulation of fat in the abdomen. Central obesity is associated with the risk of non-communicable diseases such as type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. The prevalence of central obesity is known to increase in both developed and developing countries. As many as 40.2% of individuals in the world are estimated to have central obesity. Indonesia is a developing country with an increasing prevalence of central obesity with an increase from 2007, 2013, and 2018 according to riskesdas data, respectively, by 18%, 26%, and 31%. The increase in central obesity is associated with economic development and urbanization leading to unfavorable changes in consumption habits of high-calorie foods and sugary drinks, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and stress. Riskesdas 2018 data states that the prevalence of central obesity in urban areas is higher than the national prevalence, which is 35%. This study aims to further analyze the dominant factors in the incidence of central obesity in the population aged 25-64 years in urban areas of Indonesia. There were 194,049 riskesdas 2018 respondents who were involved in this study. Data analysis used chi-square bivariate test and multiple logistic regression multivariate test on the applicationThe results showed that there were 15 variables that were significantly associated with the incidence of central obesity, including: age, gender, education level, employment status, emotional mental health, consumption of sweet foods, sugary drinks, fatty foods, soft drinks, fruit and vegetable consumption, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and smoking habits (p-value <0,05). Female gender is known as the dominant factor in the incidence of central obesity in the population aged 25-64 years in urban areas of Indonesia (p-value 0,0005). The OR of the incidence of central obesity was 4.06 (95%CI: 3,947-4,175) higher in the female respondent group, after being controlled by other variables. Thus, people in urban areas, especially women, are urged to increase awareness regarding central obesity. The public is encouraged to reduce the consumption of risky foods, do exercise regularly, avoid stress, and avoid smoking and alcohol consumption. Health agencies are expected to help the community by providing nutrition education and promotion of health related to central obesity.
S-11088
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Abstrak:
Obesitas sentral merupakan kondisi dimana terjadi penumpukkan lemak di bagian perut. Obesitas sentral berhubungan dengan risiko penyakit tidak menular seperti diabetes melitus tipe II, hipertensi, dislipidemia, sindrom metabolik, dan kanker. Prevalensi obesitas sentral diketahui meningkat baik di negara maju dan negara berkembang. Sebanyak 40,2% individu di dunia diperkirakan mengalami obesitas sentral. Indonesia termasuk negara berkembang dengan peningkatan prevalensi obesitas sentral dengan peningkatan dari tahun 2007, 2013, dan 2018 menurut data Riskesdas berturut- turut sebesar 18%, 26% , dan 31%. Peningkatan obesitas sentral dikaitkan dengan perkembangan ekonomi dan urbanisasi yang menyebabkan perubahan tidak menguntungkan dalam kebiasaan konsumsi makanan berkalori tinggi dan minuman manis, aktivitas fisik, perilaku sedentari, dan stres. Data Riskesdas 2018 menunjukkan prevalensi obesitas sentral di daerah perkotaan lebih tinggi dari prevalensi nasional, yaitu sebesar 35%. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis lebih lanjut mengenai faktor dominan kejadian obesitas sentral pada penduduk usia 25-64 tahun di wilayah perkotaan Indonesia. Terdapat sebanyak 194.049 responden Riskesdas 2018 yang dilibatkan dalam penelitian.. Analisis data menggunakan uji bivariat chi-square dan uji multivariat regresi logistik ganda pada perangkat pengolah data. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa terdapat 15 variabel yang berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian obesitas sentral, diantaranya: usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, status pekerjaan, status pernikahan, gangguan mental emosional, konsumsi makanna manis, konsumsi minuman manis, konsumsi makanan berlemak/gorengan, konsumsi softdrink, konsumsi alkohol, aktivitas fisik, dan kebiasaan merokok (p-value <0,05). Jenis kelamin perempuan diketahui sebagai faktor dominan kejadian obesitas sentral pada penduduk usia 25-64 tahun di wilayah perkotaa Indonesia (p-value 0,0005). OR dari kejadian obesitas sentral lebih tinggi 4,060 (95%CI: 3,947-4,175) kali pada kelompok responden berjenis kelamin perempuan, setelah dikontrol oleh variabel lainnya. Dengan demikian, masyarakat di wilayah perkotan, khususnya perempuan, dihimbau untuk lebih meningkatkan kesadaran terkait obesitas sentral . Masyarakat dihimbau untuk dapat mengurangi konsumsi makanan berisiko, melakukan olahraga secara teratur, menghindari stres, dan menghindari perilaku merokok dan konsumsi alkohol. Instansi kesehatan diharapkan dapat membantu masyarakat dengan memberikan edukasi gizi dan promosi keseatan terkait obesitas sentral.
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s.a.]
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Celline Anugroho; Pembimbing: Siti Arifah Pujonarti; Penguji: Endang Laksminingsih, Widiana Kusumasari
Abstrak:
Kegemukan pada anak memberikan dampak negatif jangka pendek dan jangkapanjang baik fisik, psikologi, maupun sosial anak. Anak yang mengalami kegemukanmemiliki risiko terkena penyakit kronik seperti asma, sleep apnea, masalah tulang dansendi, diabetes, dan blount disease. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectionaldengan 3669 responden dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran dan perbedaanproporsi kegemukan berdasarkan faktor risikonya, seperti keanekaragaman pangan,frekuensi konsumsi makanan, jenis kelamin, status gizi ibu, pendidikan ibu, dan wilayahtempat tinggal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi kegemukan pada anak usia 7-12tahun di Indonesia berdasarkan data IFLS V tahun 2014 adalah 18%, yang mana angkaini tidak berbeda jauh dengan prevalensi nasional tahun 2018, yaitu 20%. Terdapatperbedaan yang signifikan antara variabel keanekaragaman pangan, konsumsi makanan(buah, daging, telur, susu, dan minyak), status gizi ibu, pendidikan ibu, dan wilayahtempat tinggal). Tidak ada perbedaan yang signfikan antara jenis kelamin, variabelkonsumsi makanan (sereal, umbi, sayur, ikan, gula). Hasil analisis multivariatmenunjukkan pendidikan ibu sebagai faktor dominan kegemukan pada anak di Indonesia.Kata Kunci:Kegemukan, keanekaragaman pangan, frekuensi konsumsi makanan, jenis kelamin,status gizi ibu, pendidikan ibu, wilayah tempat tinggal, anak usia 7-12 tahun
Childhood obesity has many negative short-term and long-term impact on phycialhealth, psycological health, and social life. Children with overweight and obesity are morelikely to have risk for chronic disease, such as asthma, sleep apnea, bone problems,diabetes, and blunt disease. This cross-sectional study with 3669 respondents todetermine the proportion differences in overweight based on its risk, such as fooddiversity, food consumption, sex, maternal nutritional status, maternal education, andurban-rural living areas. The result showed that 18% of children at 7-12 age wereoverweight based on IFLS V 2014, this found as much as national percentage in 2018,20%. Bivariate analysis showed that there are significant correlation between fooddiversity, food consumption (fruit, meat, egg, milk, and oil), maternal nutritional status,maternal education, and urban-rural living areas. There are not significant correlationbetween food consumption (cereal, white tubers root, vegetables, fish, sweet, andcondiments). Multivariate analysis showed that maternal education is the dominantfactors of overweight at 7-12 age children in Indonesia.Key words:Overweight, Food diversity, Food Consumption, Sex, Maternal Nutritional Status,Maternal Education, Urban-Rural Living Areas, 7-12 age children.
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Childhood obesity has many negative short-term and long-term impact on phycialhealth, psycological health, and social life. Children with overweight and obesity are morelikely to have risk for chronic disease, such as asthma, sleep apnea, bone problems,diabetes, and blunt disease. This cross-sectional study with 3669 respondents todetermine the proportion differences in overweight based on its risk, such as fooddiversity, food consumption, sex, maternal nutritional status, maternal education, andurban-rural living areas. The result showed that 18% of children at 7-12 age wereoverweight based on IFLS V 2014, this found as much as national percentage in 2018,20%. Bivariate analysis showed that there are significant correlation between fooddiversity, food consumption (fruit, meat, egg, milk, and oil), maternal nutritional status,maternal education, and urban-rural living areas. There are not significant correlationbetween food consumption (cereal, white tubers root, vegetables, fish, sweet, andcondiments). Multivariate analysis showed that maternal education is the dominantfactors of overweight at 7-12 age children in Indonesia.Key words:Overweight, Food diversity, Food Consumption, Sex, Maternal Nutritional Status,Maternal Education, Urban-Rural Living Areas, 7-12 age children.
S-10506
Depok : FKM-UI, 2020
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Retno Yunita Sari; Pembimbing: Siti Arifah Pujonarti; Penguji: Endang Laksminingsih Achadi, Widiana Kusumasari
Abstrak:
Prevalensi stunting pada anak usia 5-12 tahun di Indonesia tahun 2018 sebesar 23,6%. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 7-12 tahun di Indonesia berdasarkan data IFLS (Indonesian Family Life Survey) V tahun 2014. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode cross sectional. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 13.30% anak usia 7-12 tahun di Indonesia mengalami stunting. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara keanekaragaman pangan (p-value 0.00), frekuensi konsumsi sayuran (p-value 0,00), daging (p-value 0,00), telur (p-value 0,00), ikan (p-value 0,00), susu (p-value 0,00), sanitasi (p-value 0,00), anemia (p-value 0,00), tingkat pendidikan ibu (p-value 0,00), jenis kelamin (p-value 0,00), dan wilayah tempat tinggal (p-value 0,00), dengan kejadian stunting. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara frekuensi konsumsi sereal (p-value 0,55), umbi (p-value 0,55), buah (p-value 0,10), minyak (p-value 0,31), gula(p-value 0,12), dan penyakit infeksi (p-value 1,00). Hasil penelitian ini menyarankan bahwa perlu dilakukan pembuatan program terkait perbaikan gizi pada anak usia sekolah, terutama sekolah dasar untuk menjaga status gizi dan mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan pada saat remaja. Kata kunci:Stunting; anak usia sekolah; keanekaragaman pangan The prevalence of stunting in children aged 5-12 years in Indonesia in 2018 is 23.6%. This study discusses factors related to the incidence of stunting in children aged 7-12 years in Indonesia based on 2014 IFLS (Indonesian Family Life Survey) V data. This study was conducted using a cross sectional method. The results of this study indicate that 13.30% of children aged 7-12 years in Indonesia experience stunting. There is a significant difference between food diversity (p-value 0.00), frequency of vegetable consumption (p-value 0.00), meat (p-value 0.00), eggs (p-value 0.00), fish (pvalue 0.00), milk (p-value 0.00), sanitation (p-value 0.00), anemia (p-value 0.00), maternal education level (p-value 0.00), gender (p-value 0.00), and residential area (pvalue 0.00), with stunting. There is no significant difference between the frequency of consumption of cereals (p-value 0.55), tubers (p-value 0.55), fruit (p-value 0.10), oil (pvalue 0.31), sugar ( p-value 0.12), and infectious disease (p-value 1.00). The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to make a program related to nutrition improvement in school-aged children, especially elementary schools to maintain nutritional status and optimize growth in adolescence. Keyword : Stunting, school aged children, dietary diversity
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S-10262
Depok : FKM-UI, 2020
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Dania Anisa Dersyaninda D. H.; Pembimbing: Siti Arifah Pujonarti; Penguji: Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Anies Irawati
Abstrak:
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat prevalensi overweight dan obesitas pada remaja serta faktor-faktor yang berkaitan (sosiodemografi, perilaku kesehatan, dan psikologis). Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk melihat faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi kejadian overweight dan obesitas pada remaja usia 15-19 tahun di Indonesia. Penelitian cross sectional ini menggunakan data IFLS-5 tahun 2014-2015 dengan total responden sebanyak 2684 orang remaja. Uji chi-square digunakan untuk melihat hubungan antara faktor sosiodemografi, perilaku kesehatan, dan psikologis dengan overweight dan obesitas remaja. Faktor dominan ditentukan dengan menggunakan uji regresi logistik.
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S-10630
Depok : FKM-UI, 2020
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Eveline Averina; Pembimbing: Siti Arifah Pujonarti; Penguji: Diah Mulyawati Utari, Agus Triwinarto
Abstrak:
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Diabetes melitus tipe 2 dan obesitas merupakan dua kondisi kronis yang saling berkaitan dan telah menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat secara global. DM tipe 2 ditandai oleh hiperglikemia akibat gangguan metabolisme glukosa, sedangkan obesitas disebabkan oleh ketidakseimbangan antara asupan dan pengeluaran energi. Saat ini, epidemi ganda DM tipe 2 dan obesitas terjadi di berbagai negara, termasuk Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan faktor gaya hidup, kesehatan, dan sosioekonomi, faktor individu, serta faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan kejadian obesitas pada penderita DM tipe 2 usia dewasa (19 - 59 tahun) di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional berdasarkan data sekunder Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 4922 responden. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan uji chi-square dan regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi obesitas pada penderita DM tipe 2 di Indonesia usia dewasa (19 – 59 tahun) mencapai 52.4%. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kejadian obesitas dengan jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, dan durasi menderita DM tipe 2 (p-value < 0.05). Faktor dominan yang berhubungan pada kejadian obesitas pada penderita DM tipe 2 usia dewasa adalah tingkat pendidikan (p-value < 0.001; OR = 0.612, 95% CI = 0.489 – 0.766).
Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two interconnected chronic diseases that have emerged as major global public health concerns. T2DM is marked by hyperglycemia due to impaired glucose metabolism, while obesity results from an energy imbalance. The co-occurrence of obesity and T2DM is termed a dual epidemic that increases risks of complications and mortality. This study aims to identify lifestyle, health, socioeconomic, and individual factors and the dominant factor associated with obesity among Indonesian adults (ages 19–59) with T2DM. A cross-sectional design was used with secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey, involving 4922 respondents with T2DM. Statistical analysis included chi-square tests and binary logistic regression. Results showed that 52.4% of adults with T2DM were classified as obese. Significant associations were found between obesity and gender, education level, and duration of T2DM (p < 0.05). The most dominant factor was education level, where individuals with higher education had a lower risk of obesity (p < 0.001; OR = 0.612; 95% CI = 0.489–0.766).
S-11906
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Afrah; Permbimbing: Siti Arifah Pujonarti; Penguji: Triyanti, Ika Permatasari
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Beban ganda malnutrisi overweight/obesitas dan anemia adalah koeksistensi kekurangan gizi (anemia defisiensi besi) bersama dengan kelebihan berat badan atau obesitas di dalam satu individu. Remaja overweight/obesitas berisiko mengalami penyakit tidak menular, menurunkan fungsi kognitif, menjadi malas, serta kurang aktif yang akan menambah beban kesehatan dan beban ekonomi sosial kedepannya. Remaja anemia defisiensi besi berisiko mengalami hasil kehamilan buruk (berat badan lahir rendah, prematuritas, kematian neonatal dan bayi) dan produktivitas kerja yang rendah dan prestasi belajar yang rendah. Individu dengan obesitas menyerap lebih sedikit besi daripada individu dengan IMT normal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi, faktor-faktor yang berhubungan, dan faktor dominan kejadian beban ganda malnutrisi overweight/obesitas dan anemia intraindividu pada remaja usia 10-19 tahun di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional dengan menggunakan data Riskesdas 2018. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat, analisis bivariat menggunakan chi square dan regresi logistic sederhana, dan analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik berganda. Hasil menunjukan bahwa prevalensi beban ganda malnutrisi overweight/obesitas dan anemia pada remaja adalah 2,9%. Analisis bivariat juga menunjukan adanya hubungan antara jenis kelamin, wilayah tempat tinggal, tingkat Pendidikan ayah dan ibu dengan beban ganda (p-value < 0,05). Analisis multivariat menunjukan bahwa jenis kelamin perempuan merupakan faktor dominan kejadian beban ganda ini (p-value=0,000; OR: 1,931; 95% CI: 1,4-2,6). Bagi remaja perempuan sebaiknya rutin melakukan pengukuran Hb agar anemia terdeteksi. Dapat juga dibuatkan program pemeriksaan Hb rutin pada UKS sekolah, dengan begitu konsumsi TTD juga bisa terkontrol. Bagi remaja yang tinggal di wilayah perkotaan yang lebih berisiko karena kondisi remaja di wilayah perkotaan lebih banyak konsumsi makanan tinggi lemak dan padat energi, perlu lebih memerhatikan makanan yang dikonsumsi. Bagi Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, bisa menggunakan metode 24h recall untuk variable konsumsi agar dapat lebih menggambarkan konsumsi responden.
The double burden of overweight/obesity malnutrition and anemia is the coexistence of malnutrition (iron deficiency anemia) together with being overweight or obese within a single individual. Overweight/obese adolescents are at risk of experiencing non-communicable diseases, decreasing cognitive function, becoming lazy, and inactive which will add to the health burden and social-economic burden in the future. Adolescents with iron deficiency anemia are at risk of experiencing poor pregnancy outcomes (low birth weight, prematurity, neonatal and infant mortality) and low work productivity and low academic achievement. Individuals with obesity absorb less iron than individuals with normal BMI. This study aims to determine the prevalence, associated factors, and dominant factors in the double burden of malnutrition overweight/obesity and intraindividual anemia among adolescents aged 10-19 years in Indonesia. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design using Riskesdas 2018 data. The data analysis used was univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using chi square and simple logistic regression, and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression. The results show that the prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition, overweight/obesity and anemia in adolescents is 2.9%. Bivariate analysis also showed that there was a relationship between gender, area of residence, educational level of fathers and mothers with a double burden (p-value <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that female gender was the dominant factor for this double burden (p-value=0.000; OR: 1.931; 95% CI: 1.4- 2.6). For teenage girls, it is better to routinely measure Hb so that anemia can be detected. A program for routine Hb checks can also be made at school health unit, so that the consumption of iron supplements can also be recorded. For adolescents who live in urban areas who are more at risk because population in urban areas consumes more high-fat and energy-dense foods, it is necessary to pay more attention to the food consumed. For the Health Research and Development Agency, the 24h recall method can be used for the consumption variable in order to better describe the respondent's consumption.
S-11399
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Putri Sajida Khairillah Sri Mulyani; Pembimbing: Siti Arifah Pujonarti; Penguji: Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Triyani Kresnawan
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Dislipidemia adalah suatu gangguan yang mengacu pada kadar lipid yang tidak normal dalam aliran darah yang ditandai dengan ditemukannya salah satu tanda keabnormalan kadar lipid darah, meliputi kadar kolesterol total, LDL, trigliserida, atau HDL. Prevalensi dislipidemia pada usia dewasa (19–49 tahun) di Indonesia tergolong tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor dominan dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian dislipidemia pada penduduk usia 15–49 tahun di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi potong lintang menggunakan data sekunder SKI 2023. Analisis data yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis univariat dengan distribusi frekuensi, analisis bivariat menggunakan uji kai kuadrat, dan analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 15.827 subjek, 90,7% responden laki-laki dan 80,2% responden perempuan mengalami dislipidemia. Analisis bivariat pada responden laki-laki menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan antara usia, status pekerjaan, tingkat pendidikan, indeks massa tubuh, hipertensi, dan obesitas sentral dengan kejadian dislipidemia (p-value <0,05). Analisis bivariat pada responden perempuan menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan antara usia, wilayah tempat tinggal, tingkat pendidikan, konsumsi makanan berlemak, minuman manis, minuman beralkohol, indeks massa tubuh, diabetes melitus, hipertensi, dan obesitas sentral dengan kejadian dislipidemia (p-value <0,05). Analisis multivariat pada responden laki-laki menunjukkan bahwa indeks massa tubuh merupakan faktor dominan (p-value = 0,000; OR 2,3; 95% CI : 1,752-3,249), sedangkan pada responden perempuan menunjukkan bahwa interaksi indeks massa tubuh dan konsumsi makanan berlemak merupakan faktor dominan (p-value = 0,038; OR 3,4; 95% CI : 1,070-10,834).
Dyslipidemia is a disorder characterized by abnormal levels of lipids in the bloodstream, indicated by elevated or decreased levels of total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, or HDL. The prevalence of dyslipidemia among adults aged 19–49 years in Indonesia is relatively high. This study aimed to identify the dominant and associated factors related to the occurrence of dyslipidemia among individuals aged 15–49 years in Indonesia. This was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey (SKI 2023). Data analysis included univariate analysis with frequency distribution, bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test, and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression. The results showed that among 15,827 respondents, 90.7% of males and 80.2% of females had dyslipidemia. Bivariate analysis in male respondents revealed significant associations between dyslipidemia and age, employment status, education level, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, and central obesity (p-value < 0.05). In female respondents, significant associations were found with age, residential area, education level, fatty food consumption, sugary drink intake, alcohol consumption, BMI, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and central obesity (p-value < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that BMI was the dominant factor among males (p-value = 0.000; OR = 2.3; 95% CI: 1.752–3.249), while among females, the interaction between BMI and fatty food consumption was the dominant factor (p-value = 0.038; OR = 3.4; 95% CI: 1.070–10.834).
S-11997
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nabilah Salsabila; Pembimbing: Sandra Fikawati; Penguji: Wahyu Kurnia Yusrin Putra, Debby Permata Sari
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Obesitas sentral merupakan salah satu permasalahan kesehatan yang meningkat pada kelompok usia dewasa pertengahan. Faktor gaya hidup seperti asupan zat gizi, aktivitas fisik, durasi tidur, dan kesehatan mental emosional diduga berkontribusi terhadap kondisi ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor dominan kejadian obesitas sentral dewasa usia 40–59 tahun di Kecamatan Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat. Penelitian menggunakan Cross Sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan melibatkan pengumpulan data primer melalui wawancara dan pengukuran antropometri. Hasil uji multivariat menunjukkan bahwa asupan lemak berlebih merupakan faktor yang paling dominan terhadap kejadian obesitas sentral (p = 0,018; OR = 2,940; 95% CI = 1,206–7,168). Responden dengan asupan lemak berlebih memiliki risiko 2,94 kali lebih besar mengalami obesitas sentral dibandingkan dengan responden yang tidak berlebih. Lemak yang dikonsumsi secara berlebih akan mudah disimpan sebagai lemak viseral di rongga perut, yang berkontribusi langsung pada peningkatan lingkar pinggang. Faktor lain seperti asupan energi, karbohidrat, protein, serat, aktivitas fisik, durasi tidur, dan kesehatan mental emosional juga dimasukkan ke dalam model multivariat. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya pengendalian konsumsi lemak sebagai strategi utama pencegahan obesitas sentral pada kelompok usia tersebut.
Central obesity is one of the increasing health problems in the middle-adult age group. Lifestyle factors such as nutrient intake, physical activity, sleep duration, and emotional mental health are thought to contribute to this condition. This study aims to analyze the dominant factors in the incidence of central obesity in adults aged 40–59 years in Kemayoran District, Central Jakarta. The study used a Cross Sectional with a quantitative approach and involved primary data collection through interviews and anthropometric measurements. The results of the multivariate test showed that excessive fat intake was the most dominant factor in the incidence of central obesity (p = 0.018; OR = 2.940; 95% CI = 1.206–7.168). Respondents with excessive fat intake had a 2.94 times greater risk of experiencing central obesity compared to respondents who were not excessive. Excessive fat consumption will be easily stored as visceral fat in the abdominal cavity, which directly contributes to an increase in waist circumference. Other factors such as energy intake, carbohydrates, protein, fiber, physical activity, sleep duration, and emotional mental health were also included in the multivariate model. These findings emphasize the importance of controlling fat consumption as a primary strategy for preventing central obesity in this age group.
Central obesity is one of the increasing health problems in the middle-adult age group. Lifestyle factors such as nutrient intake, physical activity, sleep duration, and emotional mental health are thought to contribute to this condition. This study aims to analyze the dominant factors in the incidence of central obesity in adults aged 40–59 years in Kemayoran District, Central Jakarta. The study used a Cross Sectional with a quantitative approach and involved primary data collection through interviews and anthropometric measurements. The results of the multivariate test showed that excessive fat intake was the most dominant factor in the incidence of central obesity (p = 0.018; OR = 2.940; 95% CI = 1.206–7.168). Respondents with excessive fat intake had a 2.94 times greater risk of experiencing central obesity compared to respondents who were not excessive. Excessive fat consumption will be easily stored as visceral fat in the abdominal cavity, which directly contributes to an increase in waist circumference. Other factors such as energy intake, carbohydrates, protein, fiber, physical activity, sleep duration, and emotional mental health were also included in the multivariate model. These findings emphasize the importance of controlling fat consumption as a primary strategy for preventing central obesity in this age group.
S-12043
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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