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Kartika Dani Lestari; Pembimbing: Dadan Erwandi; Penguji: Baiduri Widanarko, Robiana Modjo, Totok Suryono, Christoforus Deberland
Abstrak:
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Gangguan otot rangka akibat kerja (gotrak) menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan serius di berbagai industri yang diderita oleh pekerja. Walau tidak fatal gotrak cenderung mengurangi efisiensi kerja dan kualitas hidup. Keluhan gotrak yang dialami pekerja railway maintenance umumnya dirasakan pada bagian leher, punggung dan lutut, dimana keluhan tersebut disebabkan oleh postur janggal, bekerja di tempat yang sempit, berat beban dll. Pekerjaan railway maintenance memiliki faktor risiko yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap keluhan gotrak yaitu faktor risiko individu, fisik, psikososial, lingkungan dan organisasi. PT X merupakan BUMD di bidang perkeretaapian yang diantaranya mencakup pekerjaan railway maintenance. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko dari pekerjaan railway maintenance yang berpengaruh terhadap keluhan gotrak pekerja. Penelitian ini berjenis kuantitatif menggunakan desain cross sectional. Jumlah sampel menggunakan total populasi pada pekerja railway maintenance khususnya pada departemen yang menangani rolling stock maintenance (Departemen RSM dan Departemen RSIT) berjumlah 109. Departemen RSM mencakup light maintenance, sedangkan Departemen RSIT mencakup heavy maintenance. Manajemen data menggunakan SPSS 25, analisa data mengunakan analisa deskriptif, bivariat (uji chi square dan uji regresi logistik sederhana) dan multivariat menggunakan metode enter (uji regresi logistik ganda). Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar kuesioner yang sudah diuji validitas dan reliabilitas dan lembar Rapid Entire Body Assesment (REBA). Hasil menunjukkan gambaran aktivitas pekerjaan di Departemen RSM terdiri dari pekerjaan di bagian rooftop, carbody, interior, underfloor dan di dalam kantor. Sedang pada Departemen RSIT terdiri dari pekerjaan di bagian carbody, pantograf, valve, brake, air compressor, motor traksi, bogie, elektrikal, AC, dan didalam kantor. Keluhan gotrak dirasakan oleh 62 pekerja railway maintenance di PT X (63.9%), dimana keluhan yang paling banyak dirasakan pada bagian leher, punggung bawah, kedua bahu, pergelangan tangan kanan dan punggung atas. Tingkat risiko ergonomi dari pekerjaan railway maintenance pada 2 departemen tersebut bervariasi mulai dari diabaikan hingga sangat tinggi, dimana penyumbang skor disebabkan oleh adanya postur janggal pada bagian leher, punggung, lengan atas, kedua kaki, dan berat objek. Faktor risiko yang berpengaruh terhadap keluhan gotrak yaitu dukungan sosial (OR 3.39, 95% CI 1,29 – 8.88). Intervensi yang dilakukan untuk mengurangi tingkat risiko ergonomi dari pekerjaan tersebut menggunakan hierarki pengendalian, sedangkan untuk mencegah keluhan gotrak yang berasal dari faktor risiko psikososial Upaya berfokus pada pengurangan tenaga manusia saat bekerja, peningkatan reward, peningkatan kepuasan kerja dan pengelolaan distres di tempat kerja.
Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are one of the serious health problems in various industries suffered by workers. Although not fatal, MSDs tends to reduce work efficiency and quality of life. Complaints experienced by railway maintenance workers are generally felt in the neck, back and knees, where the complaints are caused by awkward posture, working in narrow places, heavy loads etc. Railway maintenance work has risk factors that can affect MSDs complaints, namely individual, physical, psychosocial, environmental and organizational risk factors. PT X is a BUMD in the field of railway which includes railway maintenance work. This study aims to determine the risk factors of railway maintenance work that affect MSDs workers complaints. This study was quantitative using a cross sectional design. The number of samples using the total population of railway maintenance workers, especially in departments that handle rolling stock maintenance (RSM Department and RSIT Department) amounted to 109. The RSM Department covers light maintenance, while the RSIT Department covers heavy maintenance. Data management using SPSS 25, data analysis using descriptive analysis, bivariate (chi square test and simple logistic regression test) and multivariate using enter method (multiple logistic regression test). The instruments used in this study were questionnaire sheets that had been tested for validity and reliability and Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) sheets. The results show a picture of work activities in the RSM Department consisting of work on the rooftop, carbody, interior, underfloor and inside the office. While in the RSIT Department consists of work in the carbody, pantograph, valve, brake, air compressor, traction motor, bogie, electrical, air conditioning, and in the office. MSDs complaints were felt by 62 railway maintenance workers at PT X (63.9%), where the most complaints were felt in the neck, lower back, both shoulders, right wrist and upper back. The level of ergonomic risk of railway maintenance work in the 2 departments varies from negligible to very high, where the contributor to the score is caused by awkward posture on the neck, back, upper arms, both legs, and the weight of the object. Risk factors that influence gotrak complaints are social support (OR 3.39, 95% CI 1.29 – 8.88). Interventions carried out to reduce the level of ergonomic risk of the work use a hierarchy of control, while to prevent complaints of fatigue derived from psychosocial risk factors Efforts focus on reducing human labor while working, increasing rewards, increasing job satisfaction and managing stress at work.
T-6630
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Alvina Winners Putri; Pembimbing: Indri Hapsari Susilowati; Penguji: Abdul Kadir, Nur Fatayani
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Postur tubuh yang kurang nyaman saat melakukan pekerjaan dengan durasi yang lama dapat menyebabkan gangguan otot rangka akibat kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor risiko yang hubungan dengan terjadinya gejala gangguan otot rangka akibat kerja pada pekerja perkantoran di Instansi X tahun 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dan metode penilaian postur tubuh pekerjan menggunakan metode Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA). Kemudian untuk penilaian keluhan gangguan otot rangka secara subjektif menggunakan NBM (Nordic Body Map). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat risiko keluhan gangguan otot rangka akibat kerja pada tingkat menengah maka perlu investigasi lebih lanjut untuk melakukan perbaikan. Penilaian menggunakan Nordic Body Map menghasilkan nilai sebesar 91,40% pekerja yang mengalami keluhan gangguan otot rangka akibat kerja. Bagian tubuh yang sering mengalami keluhan gangguan otot rangka akibat kerja seperti: leher bagian atas, leher bagian bawah, punggung dan pinggang. Distribusi keluhan yang dirasakan pekerja umur
An uncomfortable posture when doing work for a long duration can cause work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with the occurrence of symptoms of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in office workers at Institution X in 2023. This study used a cross-sectional design and the occupational posture assessment Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) method then to assess complaints of musculoskeletal disorders as a whole subjectively using the NBM (Nordic Body Map). The results showed that the level of risk of complaints of musculoskeletal disorders due to work at the intermediate level requires further investigation to make improvements. Assessment using the Nordic Body Map yielded a value of 91.40% of workers who experienced complaints of musculoskeletal the skeleton due to work The parts of the body that often experience complaints of musculoskeletal disorders due to work such as: upper neck, lower neck, back and waist Distribution of complaints felt by workers aged
S-11401
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Dhani Rinaldi Ardiansyah; Pembimbing: Baiduri Widanarko; Penguji: Robiana Modjo, Laksita Ri Hastiti, Lorencius Kukuh Prabowo, Syahrul Effendi
Abstrak:
Perancah merupakan bagian yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari suatu pekerjaan konstruksi, Pekerjaan perancah berkontribusi pada munculnya faktor risiko gangguan otot tulang rangka akibat kerja (gotrak) atau musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor risiko terjadinya gotrak pekerja perancah di PT X. Jenis penelitian adalah potong lintang dengan responden karyawan di PT X sebanyak 156 karyawan. Penilaian faktor risiko ergonomi di tempat kerja dilakukan dengan pendekatan penilaian tingkat risiko pekerjaan dan keluhan subjektif pekerja. Responden memberikan informasi karakteristik individu, risiko ergonomi menggunakan metode (Rapid Entire Body Assessment atau REBA) dengan hasil yang mencapai nilai tinggi dan sangat tinggi. Tingkat risiko ergonomi menunjukkan 66,23 % responden termasuk kategori risiko tinggi dan 33,77 % responden termasuk kategori risiko rendah. Analisis keluhan gotrak pada pekerja menggunakan kuesioner Nordic Body Map menghasilkan 3 keluhan tertinggi yaitu leher bahu dan tangan/pergelangan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko terjadinya Gotrak pekerja perancah di PT X pada gotrak 12 bulan yaitu usia ≥ 30 tahun OR 1,91(95% CI 1,37-3,25), masa kerja ≥ 10 tahun OR 2,42(95% CI 1,39-4,19), Jenis Pekerjaan perancah OR 8,77() (95% CI 3,93-19,55) dan Skor REBA tinggi OR 2,81 (95% CI 1,39-5,67). Sedangkan faktor risiko gotrak yang menyebabkan absen 12 bulan terakhir adalah usia ≥ 30 tahun OR 1.32 (95% CI 1.18-1.76), masa kerja ≥ 10 tahun OR 1.65 (95% CI 1.03-2.65), jenis pekerjaan perancah OR 10,98(95% CI 4,26-28,26), skor REBA tinggi 2,53(1,78-3,00), demands at work tinggi OR 1.65 (95% CI 1.02-2.51), work organization and job contents tinggi OR1.44 (95% CI 1.28-2.93), untuk faktor risiko 7 hari terakhir yaitu jenis pekerjaan perancah OR 2,79(95% CI 1,28-6,07), health and wellbeing rendah OR 1.43 (95% CI 1.09-1.84)
Scaffolding is an inseparable part of a construction work. Scaffolding work contributes to the emergence of risk factors for skeletal muscle disorders due to work (gotrak) or musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors for the occurrence of scaffolding at PT X. This type of research was crosssectional with 156 employees as respondents at PT X. Ergonomics risk factor assessment in the workplace is carried out with an approach to assessing the level of occupational risk and subjective complaints of workers. Respondents provided information on individual characteristics, ergonomic risks using the method (Rapid Entire Body Assessment or REBA) with the results achieving high and very high scores. The level of ergonomics risk shows that 66.23% of respondents are in the high risk category and 33.77% of the respondents are in the low risk category. The analysis of cough complaints on workers using the Nordic Body Map questionnaire resulted in the 3 highest complaints, namely neck, shoulders and hands/wrist. This study shows that the risk factors for the occurrence of Gotrak scaffold workers at PT X at 12 months old are age 30 years OR 1.91 (95% CI 1.37-3.25), working period 10 years OR 2.42 (95 % CI 1.39-4.19), awkward posture OR 6.24 (95% CI 2.40-16.21). While the risk factors for gotrak that caused the absence of the last 12 months are age 30 years OR 1.32 (95% CI 1.18-1.76), years of service ≥ 10 years OR 1.65 (95% CI 1.03-2.65), type of work OR 10.98 (95% CI 4.2628.26), REBA score 2.53 (1.78-3.00), demands at work OR 1.65 (95% CI 1.02-2.51), work organization and job contents OR1.44 (95% CI 1.28-2.93, for risk factors for the last 7 days, namely type of work OR 2.79 (95% CI 1.28-6.07), health and wellbeingOR 1.43 (95% CI 1.09-1.84).
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Scaffolding is an inseparable part of a construction work. Scaffolding work contributes to the emergence of risk factors for skeletal muscle disorders due to work (gotrak) or musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors for the occurrence of scaffolding at PT X. This type of research was crosssectional with 156 employees as respondents at PT X. Ergonomics risk factor assessment in the workplace is carried out with an approach to assessing the level of occupational risk and subjective complaints of workers. Respondents provided information on individual characteristics, ergonomic risks using the method (Rapid Entire Body Assessment or REBA) with the results achieving high and very high scores. The level of ergonomics risk shows that 66.23% of respondents are in the high risk category and 33.77% of the respondents are in the low risk category. The analysis of cough complaints on workers using the Nordic Body Map questionnaire resulted in the 3 highest complaints, namely neck, shoulders and hands/wrist. This study shows that the risk factors for the occurrence of Gotrak scaffold workers at PT X at 12 months old are age 30 years OR 1.91 (95% CI 1.37-3.25), working period 10 years OR 2.42 (95 % CI 1.39-4.19), awkward posture OR 6.24 (95% CI 2.40-16.21). While the risk factors for gotrak that caused the absence of the last 12 months are age 30 years OR 1.32 (95% CI 1.18-1.76), years of service ≥ 10 years OR 1.65 (95% CI 1.03-2.65), type of work OR 10.98 (95% CI 4.2628.26), REBA score 2.53 (1.78-3.00), demands at work OR 1.65 (95% CI 1.02-2.51), work organization and job contents OR1.44 (95% CI 1.28-2.93, for risk factors for the last 7 days, namely type of work OR 2.79 (95% CI 1.28-6.07), health and wellbeingOR 1.43 (95% CI 1.09-1.84).
T-6126
Depok : FKM-UI, 2021
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Muhammad Luthfi; Pembimbing: Baiduri Widanarko; Penguji: Mila Teja, Robiana Modjo, I Made Ady Wirawan, Andre Satria Wisaksana
Abstrak:
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Pekerja Sektor Pariwisata berisiko terkena gangguan otot rangka akibat kerja (GOTRAK). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa hubungan faktor risiko individu, fisik dan psikososial dengan keluhan GOTRAK melalui disian penelitian tinjauan pustaka sistematis. Database yang digunakan dalam mencari literatur adalah Sciencedirect, Pubmed dan Scopus dengan waktu publikasi tahun 2005 hingga 2020. Terdapat 12 literatur yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. 10 literatur merupakan studi cross-sectional, 1 literatur merupakan studi exploratory dan 1 literatur merupakan studi cohort. Terdapat bukti kuat antara jenis kelamin, IMT, gerakan repetitive, gerakan menggapai berlebihan dan jumlah pembersihan kamar per hari dengan GOTRAK pada beberpa bagian tubuh pekerja sektor pariwisata
Tourism workers at risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WSMDs). The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between individual, physical and psychosocial factors as risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorder through systematic literature review design study. The database used in searching for literature were Sciencedirect, Pubmed and Sopus with publication year from 2005 – 2020. There 12 literature that matched the inclusion criteria, 10 literature is cross-sectional study, 1 literature is exploratory study, 1 literature is cohort study. There is strong evidence and positive association between sex, BMI, repetitive movements, excessive reacing movements and the number of cleaning rooms per day with WSMDs.
T-5917
Depok : FKM-UI, 2020
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Alleluia Victoria Aljonak; Pembimbing: Milla Tejamaya; Penguji: Indri Hapsari Susilowati, Hendra, Muhamad Dawaman, Eka Cempaka Putri
Abstrak:
Komputer merupakan alat kerja yang sudah tidak asing lagi bagi pekerja kantor. Aktivitas ini dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya ketidaknyamanan pada tubuh, hingga dapat menyebabkan keluhan nyeri muskuloskeletal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara faktor individu (postur, usia, jenis kelamin, dan indeks massa tubuh) dan lingkungan kerja (suhu, pencahayaan, dan stasiun kerja) terhadap keluhan gangguan otot rangka akibat kerja (GOTRAK) di PT. X. Penelitian ini juga menilai ergonomi stasiun kerja pada PT. X berdasarkan PERMENKES no. 48 tahun 2016 tentang Standar K3 Perkantoran. Desain penelitian ini adalah potong lintang kepada 42 pekerja dan observasi langsung. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah 61,9% pekerja mengalami nyeri pada tubuh selama 1 bulan terakhir. Berdasarkan pengisian Nordic Body Map, keluhan terbanyak berada pada titik 5 (punggung) sebanyak 57,7%, titik 7 (pinggang) sebanyak 53,8%, dan titik 0 (leher atas) sebanyak 46,2%. Pada hasil analisis penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa pada faktor individu, hanya faktor indeks massa tubuh yang memiliki korelasi (rho = 0,330 = berpengaruh positif yang sedang) dan signifikan (p-value = 0,033) terhadap keluhan nyeri. Sedangkan pada faktor lingkungan kerja, hanya faktor pencahayaan yang memiliki korelasi (rho = -0,323 = berpengaruh negatif yang sedang) dan signifikan (p-value = 0,037) terhadap keluhan nyeri. Stasiun kerja pada PT. X membutuhkan beberapa perbaikan karena dapat menjadi salah satu penyebab terjadinya keluhan GOTRAK pada pekerja
Computers are work tools that are familiar to office workers. This activity can increase the risk of discomfort to body and become musculoskeletal pain. This study aims to analyse the relationship of individual factors (posture, age, sex, and body mass index) and work environment (temperature and lighting) on occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders at PT. X. This paper is also assessing the ergonomics of work station at PT. X based on PERMENKES no. 48 of 2016 concerning Office K3 Standards. The design of this study was cross-sectional with 42 workers and direct observation. 61.9% of workers experienced pain in the body during the last 1 month. The results of Nordic Body Map questionnaire show the most pain occurrence are at point 5 (back) as much as 57,7%, point 7 (waist) as much as 53,8%, and point 0 (upper neck) as much as 46,2%. Through quantitative analysis, it is known that on the individual factors, only the body mass index factor has a correlation (rho = 0,330 = moderate positive correlation) and significant (p-value = 0,033) on pain occurrence. Meanwhile, on the work environment factor, only the lighting factor has correlation (rho = -0.323 = moderate negative correlation) and significant (p-value = 0.037) on pain occurrence. Work station at PT. X needs some improvements because an unergonomic work station can be one of the contributors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders occurrence complaints among workers
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Computers are work tools that are familiar to office workers. This activity can increase the risk of discomfort to body and become musculoskeletal pain. This study aims to analyse the relationship of individual factors (posture, age, sex, and body mass index) and work environment (temperature and lighting) on occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders at PT. X. This paper is also assessing the ergonomics of work station at PT. X based on PERMENKES no. 48 of 2016 concerning Office K3 Standards. The design of this study was cross-sectional with 42 workers and direct observation. 61.9% of workers experienced pain in the body during the last 1 month. The results of Nordic Body Map questionnaire show the most pain occurrence are at point 5 (back) as much as 57,7%, point 7 (waist) as much as 53,8%, and point 0 (upper neck) as much as 46,2%. Through quantitative analysis, it is known that on the individual factors, only the body mass index factor has a correlation (rho = 0,330 = moderate positive correlation) and significant (p-value = 0,033) on pain occurrence. Meanwhile, on the work environment factor, only the lighting factor has correlation (rho = -0.323 = moderate negative correlation) and significant (p-value = 0.037) on pain occurrence. Work station at PT. X needs some improvements because an unergonomic work station can be one of the contributors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders occurrence complaints among workers
T-6295
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Mustofa Abduh; Pembimbing: L. Meily Kurniawidjaja; Penguji: Indri Hapsari Susilowati, Azri Dwi Mahfudzi
Abstrak:
Perkembangan sektor industri menyebabkan persaingan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas. Meskipun sudah berkembang pesat, selalu ada kebutuhan akan tenaga manusia, salah sataunya pada kegiatan angkat-angkut. Pekerjaan angakat-angkut merupakan salah satu pekerjaan yang berisko gangguan otot dan tulang rangka akibat kerja (GOTRAK). Penelitian ini menganalisis faktor risiko GOTRAK pada pekerja pengepakan di PT. X agar dapat dilakukan pengendalian yang tepat sasaran, menggunakan metode NIOSH Lifting Equation (NLE) untuk mengetahui faktor pekerjaan, kuesoner individu, dan Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) untuk mengetahui keluhan. Desain penelitian observasional ini adalah cross-sectional, melibatkan 43 pekerja pengepakan di PT.X. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 55.8% pekerja memiliki keluhan GOTRAK pada 12 bulan terakhir. Uji statistik menunjukan faktor pekerjaan/lifitng index (p value=0.027) dan masa kerja (p value=0.024) berhubungan dengan keluhan GOTRAK pada 12 bulan terakhir. Jadi, diperlukan pengendalian dengan mengubah desain kerja dan/atau mengatur ulang petunjuk kerja. Selain itu, juga perlu dilakukan pengendalian kebiasaan merokok dan kebiasaan berolahraga.
The development of the industrial sector causes competition to increase productivity. Even though it has developed rapidly, there is always a need for human labor, one of which is in lifting and lowering activities. Lifting and lowering work are one of the jobs that have a risk of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders symptoms (WMSDs This study analyzes the risk factors of WMSDs in stacking workers at PT. X to appropriate control can be carried out, using the NIOSH Lifting Equation (NLE) method to determine occupational factors, individual questionnaires, and Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) to determine the complaint. The design of this observational study was cross-sectional, that involves 43 packing workers at PT.X. The results showed that 55.8% had WMSDs complaints in the last 12 months and 44.2% had no complaints. The statistical test showed that the factor of work/lifting index (p value=0.027) and years of service (p value=0.024) were associated with WMSDs complaints in the last 12 months. So, control is necessary by changing the work design or rearranging work instructions. Furthermore, it is also necessary to control smoking habits and exercise habits.
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The development of the industrial sector causes competition to increase productivity. Even though it has developed rapidly, there is always a need for human labor, one of which is in lifting and lowering activities. Lifting and lowering work are one of the jobs that have a risk of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders symptoms (WMSDs This study analyzes the risk factors of WMSDs in stacking workers at PT. X to appropriate control can be carried out, using the NIOSH Lifting Equation (NLE) method to determine occupational factors, individual questionnaires, and Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) to determine the complaint. The design of this observational study was cross-sectional, that involves 43 packing workers at PT.X. The results showed that 55.8% had WMSDs complaints in the last 12 months and 44.2% had no complaints. The statistical test showed that the factor of work/lifting index (p value=0.027) and years of service (p value=0.024) were associated with WMSDs complaints in the last 12 months. So, control is necessary by changing the work design or rearranging work instructions. Furthermore, it is also necessary to control smoking habits and exercise habits.
S-10993
Depok : FKMUI, 2022
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Mulat Wening Astuti; Pembimbing: Baiduri Widanarko; Penguji: Robiana Modjo, Mila Tejamaya, Rismasari, Astuti
Abstrak:
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Latar Belakang: Gangguan Otot dan Tulang Rangka Akibat Kerja (Gotrak) merupakan masalah kesehatan paling umum terkait pekerjaan dan menempati peringkat 2 sebagai gangguan kerja dan paling banyak biayanya. Prevalensi gotrak lebih tinggi pada petugas kesehatan, dibandingkan dengan populasi umum, industri dan profesi konstruksi. Profesional sektor kesehatan khususnya mereka yang bekerja di lingkungan rumah sakit, lebih sering mengalami gotrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor – faktor yang berhubungan dengan gangguan otot dan tulang rangka akibat kerja pada pegawai di RSUD X tahun 2022. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah potong lintang dengan responden sebanyak 194 pegawai yang bekerja di RSUD X. Teknik pengumpulan data untuk data primer dilakukan dengan pengisian kuesioner, observasi, pengukuran dan wawancara. Sedangkan untuk data sekunder berupa profil RSUD, data pegawai dan data MCU pegawai. Hasil: Hasil kuesioner Nordic Body Map didapatkan bahwa prevalensi gotrak pada pegawai di RSUD X sebesar 83,5%. Pegawai yang mengalami keluhan gotrak mayoritas adalah tenaga medis yaitu sebesar 51,2%. Analisis penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara faktor psikososial yaitu tuntutan psikologis dengan OR 6,25 dan ketidakpuasan kerja dengan OR 10,26. Kesimpulan: Prevalensi gotrak pada pegawai di RSUD X tinggi sehingga perlu dilakukan tindakan perbaikan untuk mengurangi keluhan gotrak pada pegawai di RSUD X.
Background: Work Related Musculosceletal Disorders (WMSDs) is the most common health problem related to work and is ranked 2nd as a work disorder and has the most costs. The prevalence of WMSDs is higher among health workers, compared to the general population, industry and the construction profession. Health sector professionals, especially those who work in a hospital environment, are more likely to experience gorak. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors associated with muscle and skeletal disorders due to work on employees at RSUD X in 2022. Methods: This type of research is cross-sectional with 194 employees working at RSUD X. Data collection techniques for primary data were done by filling out questionnaires, observations, measurements and interviews. As for secondary data in the form of hospital profiles, employee data and employee MCU data. Results: The results of the Nordic Body Map questionnaire showed that the prevalence of WMSDs in employees at RSUD X was 83.5%. The majority of employees who experience WMSDs complaints are medical personnel, which is 51.2%. The analysis of this study found that there was a significant relationship between psychosocial factors, namely psychological work demands with an OR of 6.25 and job dissatisfaction with an OR of 10.26. Conclusion: The prevalence of WMSDs on employees at RSUD X is high so it is necessary to take corrective action to reduce complaints of WMSDs on employees at RSUD X.
T-6585
Depok : FKM UI, 2022
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nurul Fajri; Pembimbing: L. Meily Kurniawidjaja; Penguji: Angga Hadi Nugraha, Indri Hapsari Susilowati
Abstrak:
Skripsi ini membahas tentang faktor risiko keluhan gangguan otot dan tulang rangka (Gotrak) akibat kerja di industri manufaktur PT Croda Indonesia tahun 2022. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara faktor individu, faktor pekerjaan, dan keluhan Gotrak, dilakukan pada buan Februari ? Mei 2022 dengan menggunakan kuesioner SNI 9901;2011, RULA, REBA, dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari penelitian sebelumnya. Desain studi cross-sectional dengan melibatkan seluruh pekerja sebanyak 58 orang. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 41% pekerja memiliki tingkat risiko Gotrak sedang, dengan keluhan paling banyak dirasakan berturut-turut pada bagian leher (52%), punggung bawah (45%), dan punggung atas (43%). Terdapat hubungan antara faktor individu yaitu indeks massa tubuh, faktor kerja yaitu postur kerja, gerakan berulang, dan kejadian Gotrak. Pola hidup sehat utamanya menerapkan pola makan sehat, gizi seimbang dan menu bijak sesuai kondisi kesehatan dan pola kerja sehat utamanya postur tubuh tidak menyimpang dari garis tubuh, perlu ditingkatkan untuk meminimalisir keluhan Gotrak.
Population issues are still very complex. One of the real problems faced is population growth which is still relatively high. One part of population growth can not be separated from the number of children ever born. One of the factors thought to be related to the number of children ever born is economic status. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between economic status and the number of live births in women aged less than 45 years who are married whose reproductive period is still running and those aged 45-49 years who are married who have entered the end of their reproductive period. This research was conducted using a cross-sectional study design using data from the Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (IDHS) in 2017. This study found that in both age groups it was known that there was a significant relationship between economic status and the number of children ever born. It was also found that greater odds were found for very poor, poor, middle, and rich economic status compared to women whose economic status was very rich. Furthermore, it was found that in women aged less than 45 years, it was found that the variables of education, employment status, age at first marriage, contraceptive use, and preference for number of children were confounders between economic status and the number of children ever born. Meanwhile, for women aged 45-49 years, the variables of area of residence, employment status at the age of first marriage, contraceptive use, and preference for number of children become confounders between economic status and number of children ever born.
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Population issues are still very complex. One of the real problems faced is population growth which is still relatively high. One part of population growth can not be separated from the number of children ever born. One of the factors thought to be related to the number of children ever born is economic status. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between economic status and the number of live births in women aged less than 45 years who are married whose reproductive period is still running and those aged 45-49 years who are married who have entered the end of their reproductive period. This research was conducted using a cross-sectional study design using data from the Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (IDHS) in 2017. This study found that in both age groups it was known that there was a significant relationship between economic status and the number of children ever born. It was also found that greater odds were found for very poor, poor, middle, and rich economic status compared to women whose economic status was very rich. Furthermore, it was found that in women aged less than 45 years, it was found that the variables of education, employment status, age at first marriage, contraceptive use, and preference for number of children were confounders between economic status and the number of children ever born. Meanwhile, for women aged 45-49 years, the variables of area of residence, employment status at the age of first marriage, contraceptive use, and preference for number of children become confounders between economic status and number of children ever born.
S-11109
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Melly Fadhilah Harahap; Pembimbing: Baiduri Widanarko; Penguji: Robiana Modjo, Mila Tejamaya, Devi Dwirantih, Fahmi Syaiful
Abstrak:
Di era revolusi industri 4.0, manusia masih berperan penting dalam menghasilkan produksi di beberapa sektor. Namun manusia juga memiliki keterbatasan dari segi fisik, fisiologis maupun psikologis. Ketidakseimbangan tersebut dapat menimbulkan suatu masalah pada tubuh, yaitu gangguan otot dan tulang rangka (gotrak). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor individu, pekerjaan dan psikososial terhadap terjadinya gotrak pada pekerja di area pengepakan PT AS. Jenis penelitian adalah potong lintang dengan responden sebanyak 172 pekerja di area pengepakan. Pada penilaian risiko ergonomi, administrator/supervisor menggunakan ROSA, operator pengepakan menggunakan RULA, helper menggunakan OWAS. Hasil kuesioner didapatkan prevalensi tertinggi pada gotrak 7 hari yaitu leher, bahu dan punggung atas, sedangkan pada gotrak 12 bulan, prevalensi tertinggi yaitu leher dan bahu. Analisis penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara gotrak 7 hari dengan sikap kerja membungkuk 1-4 jam dengan nilai OR 2.07 (1.00-4.32), frekuensi angkut beban 21-30 kali/jam dengan nilai OR 8.33 (1.13-61.50) dan tingkat stres ringan dengan nilai OR 2.48 (1.10-5.59). Sedangkan pada gotrak 12 bulan, tuntutan kerja tinggi memiliki hubungan signifikan terhadap gotrak pada pekerja area pengepakan PT AS dengan nilai OR 2.67 (1.19-5.99). Keluhan gotrak pada pekerja di area pengepakan PT AS cukup tinggi (>60%), untuk itu perlu dilakukan perbaikan segera
In the era of the industrial revolution 4.0, humans still being an important role in production in several sectors. But humans also have limitations in terms of physical, physiological, and psychological. This imbalance can cause a problem in the body, namely work musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDS). The purpose of this study was to analyze individual, occupational, and psychosocial factors on WMSDS in workers in the packing area of PT AS. This type of research is cross-sectional with 172 workers in the packing area of PT AS. In ergonomics risk assessment, administrators/supervisors use ROSA, packing operators use RULA, helpers use OWAS. The results of questionnaire showed that the highest prevalence at 7-days WMSDS were neck, shoulder and upper back, while at 12 months, the highest prevalence were neck and shoulder. The analysis of this study found that there was a relationship between 7-days WMSDS with a stooping attitude for 1-4 hours with an OR value of 2.07 (1.00-4.32), the frequency of carrying loads 21-30 times/hour with an OR value of 8.33 (1.13-61.50) and mild level of stress with an OR value of 2.48 (1.10-5.59). Meanwhile, at 12 months of WMSDS, high work demands have a significant relationship with WMSDS in packing area workers of PT AS with an OR value of 2.67 (1.19-5.99). complaints of WMSDS in the packing area of PT AS are quite high (>60%), so it is necessary to repair it immediately
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In the era of the industrial revolution 4.0, humans still being an important role in production in several sectors. But humans also have limitations in terms of physical, physiological, and psychological. This imbalance can cause a problem in the body, namely work musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDS). The purpose of this study was to analyze individual, occupational, and psychosocial factors on WMSDS in workers in the packing area of PT AS. This type of research is cross-sectional with 172 workers in the packing area of PT AS. In ergonomics risk assessment, administrators/supervisors use ROSA, packing operators use RULA, helpers use OWAS. The results of questionnaire showed that the highest prevalence at 7-days WMSDS were neck, shoulder and upper back, while at 12 months, the highest prevalence were neck and shoulder. The analysis of this study found that there was a relationship between 7-days WMSDS with a stooping attitude for 1-4 hours with an OR value of 2.07 (1.00-4.32), the frequency of carrying loads 21-30 times/hour with an OR value of 8.33 (1.13-61.50) and mild level of stress with an OR value of 2.48 (1.10-5.59). Meanwhile, at 12 months of WMSDS, high work demands have a significant relationship with WMSDS in packing area workers of PT AS with an OR value of 2.67 (1.19-5.99). complaints of WMSDS in the packing area of PT AS are quite high (>60%), so it is necessary to repair it immediately
T-6282
Depok : FKM-UI, 2021
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Dandy Fadhilah; Pembimbing: Indri Hapsari Susilowati; Penguji: Abdul Kadir, Robiana Modjo, Hendry Ekazandri, Agni Syah
Abstrak:
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Keluhan gangguan otot dan tulang rangka akibat kerja (GOTRAK) merupakan salah satu permasalahan kesehatan kerja yang umum dialami oleh operator alat berat di sektor konstruksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara faktor pekerjaan (jam kerja, shift kerja, masa kerja, beban kerja), faktor karakteristik individu (usia, waktu tidur, kebiasaan merokok, kebiasaan olahraga, konsumsi kafein, antropometri), dan faktor lingkungan kerja (getaran, pencahayaan, desain unit kabin) terhadap tingkat keluhan GOTRAK. Penelitian dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional pada 100 operator alat berat di proyek konstruksi tambang di Sulawesi Tengah. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner berbasis SNI 9011:2021 dan dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa 72% operator mengalami keluhan GOTRAK tingkat tinggi. Faktor yang memiliki hubungan signifikan antara lain jam kerja, beban kerja, usia, waktu tidur, kebiasaan olahraga, konsumsi kafein, antropometri, getaran, dan desain kabin unit. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan intervensi ergonomi dan pengelolaan kerja berbasis data antropometri guna menurunkan risiko GOTRAK pada operator alat berat.
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a common occupational health issue among heavy equipment operators in construction sectors. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between work factors (working hours, shifts, work tenure, workload), individual characteristics (age, sleep duration, smoking habits, physical activity, caffeine consumption, anthropometry), and environmental conditions (vibration, lighting, cabin design) with the severity of MSD complaints. A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted involving 100 operators from mining-related construction projects in Central Sulawesi. Data were collected using a questionnaire based on the Indonesian national standard (SNI 9011:2021) and analyzed using Chi-Square. Results revealed that 72% of respondents experienced high levels of MSD complaints. Significant associated factors included long working hours, heavy workload, older age, insufficient sleep, low exercise frequency, caffeine intake, anthropometric mismatch, exposure to vibration, and cabin design inconsistencies. The findings suggest the need for ergonomic interventions and equipment design improvements based on anthropometric data to mitigate MSD risks among operators. Key words: MSD, heavy equipment, ergonomics, work factors, mining construction.
T-7262
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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