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Nila Febriana Iswara; Pembimbing: Ahmad Syafiq; Penguji: Diah Mulyawati Utari, Sandra Fikawati, Muhammad Johansyah, Tria Astika Endah Permatasari
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Stunting merupakan masalah gizi kronis yang ditandai dengan pertumbuhan linier yang terhambat dinilai dari panjang badan atau tinggi badan menurut umur <-2 SD berdasarkan standar pertumbuhan anak WHO. Stunting disebabkan langsung oleh asupan gizi yang tidak adekuat dan penyakit infeksi berulang yang terjadi terutama pada periode 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK). Stunting dapat meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas anak, menghambat perkembangan kognitif, meningkatkan risiko penyakit tidak menular saat dewasa, serta menurunkan kapasitas kerja. Prevalensi stunting di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (32,7%) menduduki urutan tertinggi ke 4 di Indonesia berdasarkan Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) tahun 2022. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbandingan determinan stunting pada anak usia 6-23 bulan di wilayah perdesaan dan perkotaan di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional dengan 858 sampel yang diperoleh dari total sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dari SSGI tahun 2022. Variabel independen meliputi faktor anak, keluarga, dan lingkungan. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji kai kuadrat dan multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik ganda model determinan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi stunting pada anak usia 6-23 bulan di perdesaan (27,2%) dan perkotaan (28,2%). Proporsi anak dengan status imunisasi tidak lengkap, pendidikan ayah dan ibu rendah, kunjungan ANC ibu < 6 kali, anemia saat hamil, keluarga rawan pangan, sumber air minum dan sanitasi tidak layak lebih tinggi di perdesaan. Sedangkan proporsi anak dengan riwayat tidak IMD, tidak ASI ekkslusif, waktu pengenalan MPASI < 6 bulan, ISPA, pneumonia dan tuberkulosis paru lebih tinggi di wilayah perkotaan. Proporsi stunting lebih tinggi pada anak usia 11-23 bulan, berat badan lahir < 2.500 gram, panjang badan lahir < 48 cm, tinggi badan ibu < 150 cm di wilayah perdesaan dan perkotaan serta kunjungan ANC ibu < 6 kali di wilayah perkotaan. Faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan stunting di perdesaan dan perkotaan adalah berat badan lahir.
Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem characterized by impaired linear growth, measured by length or height for age below -2 standard deviations based on WHO child growth standards. Stunting is directly caused by inadequate nutritional intake and recurrent infectious diseases, especially during the first 1000 days of life. Stunting can increase child morbidity and mortality, hinder cognitive development, raise the risk of non-communicable diseases in adulthood, and reduce work capacity. The prevalence of stunting in West Nusa Tenggara Province (32.7%) ranks fourth highest in Indonesia based on the 2022 Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI). This study aims to analyze the determinants of stunting in children aged 6-23 months in rural and urban areas of West Nusa Tenggara Province. The research design used is cross-sectional with 858 samples obtained through total sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data used are secondary data from the 2022 SSGI. Independent variables include child, family, and environmental factors. Bivariate analysis was conducted using the chi-square test and multivariate analysis using a multiple logistic regression model. The results showed the proportion of stunting in children aged 6-23 months was 27.2% in rural areas and 28.2% in urban areas. The proportion of children with incomplete immunization status, low paternal and maternal education, fewer than six ANC visits, maternal anemia during pregnancy, food insecurity, and inadequate drinking water and sanitation were higher in rural areas. Conversely, the proportion of children with a history of not receiving early initiation of breastfeeding (IMD), not being exclusively breastfed, early introduction of complementary foods (
T-7051
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Zulfan; Pembimbing: Trini Sudarti; Penguji: Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Wahyu Kurnia Yusrin Putra, Salimar, Azhari
Abstrak:
Stunting adalah kegagalan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang dialami anak akibat asupan gizi kurang, penyakit infeksi dalam kurung waktu yang lama yang ditandai dengan panjang atau tinggi badan tidak sesuai dengan usinya. Stunting masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di Provinsi Aceh karena prevalensinya masih tinggi dan peringkat 3 secara nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan stunting pada anak usia 12 – 59 bulan di Provinsi Aceh. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 1736 balita yang didapat dari total sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data yang digunakan merupakan data SSGI 2021 milik BKPK. Variabel independen pada penelitian meliputi faktor anak (jenis kelamin, usia, berat badan lahir, panjang badan lahir, keragaman makanan, kelengkapan imunisasi, suplementasi vitamin A, ISPA, diare, jaminan kesehatan), faktor ibu (pendidikan ibu, kepesertaan KB, kepemilikan buku KIA, suplementasi TTD), faktor keluarga (jumlah anggota keluarga, kepemilikan aset, kerawanan pangan) dan faktor lingkungan (sanitasi layak, sumber air minum layak, kepemilikan jamban). Analisis data meliputi univariat dan bivariate menggunakan chii square serta multivariate menggunakan regresi logistic ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi stunting pada anak usia 12 – 59 bulan sebesar 35,1%. Hasil bivariate faktor anak: jenis kelami (p= 0,202), usia balita (p=0,580), berat lahir (p=0,001), panjang badan lahir (p=0,001), keragaman makanan (p=0,001), kelengkapan imunisasi (p=0,314), suplementasi vitamin A (p=0,459), ISPA (p=0,276), diare (p=0,040), JKN balita (p=0,064). Faktor keluarga: jumlah keluarga (p=0,092), kepemilikan aset (p=0,001), kerawanan pangan (p=0,001). Faktor lingkungan: sanitasi layak (p=0,001), sumber air minum layak (p=0,185), kepemilikan jamban (p=0,001). Hasil analisis multivariate diperoleh panjang badan lahir merupakan faktor dominan kejadian stunting di Provinsi Aceh dengan OR=2,37. Perlu pencegahan terhadap panjang bada bayi pendek dengan rutin pemeriksaan selama kehamilan serta mengkonsumsi makanan beragama. Bayi panjang badan lahir pendek perlu mendapatkan pemantauan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan, mendapatkan makanan tambahan serta intervensi KIE gizi dan kesehatan terhadap ibu balita.
Stunting is a failure growth and development experienced by children due to malnutrition, infectious diseases in a long period with characterized length or height not match their age. Stunting is still a major public health problem in Aceh Province because the prevalences is still high and ranks 3rd. This study aims to determine the determinants of stunting in children 12 – 59 Months In Aceh Province. The research design used was cross sectional with a total sample of 1736 children obtained from total sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data used the SSGI 2021 data belonging to the Indonesian Ministry of Health BKPK.The independent variables included child factors (gender, age, birth weight, birth length,food diversity,vitamin A suplemtastation, ARI, diarrhea, health insurance), maternal factors (mother education, family planning membership,book ownership MCH, iron supplentation), family factors (number of family members, asset ownership, food insecurity) and environmental factors (proper sanitation, proper drinking water sources, toilet ownership). Data analysis includes univariate and bivariate using the chi square test and multivariate (logistic regression).The result showed that the proportion of stunting among children aged 12 12 – 59 Months was 35,1%. Bivariate result of children factors: sex (p=0,202), age (p=0,580), birth weight (p=0,001), birth length (p=0,001), food diversity (p=0,001), complete immunization (p=0,314), vitamin A supplementation (p=0,459), ARI (p=0,276), diarrhea (p=0,040),health insurance (p=0,064). Family factors: number of families (p=0,092), asset ownership (p=0,001), food insecurity (p=0,001). Environmental factors: proper sanitation (p=0,001), proper drinking water sources (p=0,185), ownership of toilet (p=0,001). Result of multivariate analysis obtained birth length was dominant factor in the incidence stunting in Aceh Province with OR = 2,37. Short–born need to receive growth and development monitoring, supplementary food for children and interventions for mother children with health and nutrition communication.
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Stunting is a failure growth and development experienced by children due to malnutrition, infectious diseases in a long period with characterized length or height not match their age. Stunting is still a major public health problem in Aceh Province because the prevalences is still high and ranks 3rd. This study aims to determine the determinants of stunting in children 12 – 59 Months In Aceh Province. The research design used was cross sectional with a total sample of 1736 children obtained from total sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data used the SSGI 2021 data belonging to the Indonesian Ministry of Health BKPK.The independent variables included child factors (gender, age, birth weight, birth length,food diversity,vitamin A suplemtastation, ARI, diarrhea, health insurance), maternal factors (mother education, family planning membership,book ownership MCH, iron supplentation), family factors (number of family members, asset ownership, food insecurity) and environmental factors (proper sanitation, proper drinking water sources, toilet ownership). Data analysis includes univariate and bivariate using the chi square test and multivariate (logistic regression).The result showed that the proportion of stunting among children aged 12 12 – 59 Months was 35,1%. Bivariate result of children factors: sex (p=0,202), age (p=0,580), birth weight (p=0,001), birth length (p=0,001), food diversity (p=0,001), complete immunization (p=0,314), vitamin A supplementation (p=0,459), ARI (p=0,276), diarrhea (p=0,040),health insurance (p=0,064). Family factors: number of families (p=0,092), asset ownership (p=0,001), food insecurity (p=0,001). Environmental factors: proper sanitation (p=0,001), proper drinking water sources (p=0,185), ownership of toilet (p=0,001). Result of multivariate analysis obtained birth length was dominant factor in the incidence stunting in Aceh Province with OR = 2,37. Short–born need to receive growth and development monitoring, supplementary food for children and interventions for mother children with health and nutrition communication.
T-6838
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Dian Isnaini Arifianti; Pembimbing: Trini Sudiarti; Penguji: Asih Setiarini, Triyanti, Nurya Gustina, Kusharisupeni Djokosujono
Abstrak:
Stunting adalah kondisi kegagalan pertumbuhan disebabkan oleh kekurangan zat gizi kronik dan infeksi berulang yang memiliki dampak jangka panjang. Stunting masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Provinsi Banten karena prevalensinya masih tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan stunting balita 6-59 bulan di Provinsi Banten. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 1.643 balita yang didapat dari total sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data yang digunakan adalah data SSGI 2021 milik BKPK Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Variabel independen pada penelitian ini adalah faktor anak (umur, jenis kelamin, berat badan lahir, panjang badan lahir, keragaman pangan), faktor ibu (pendidikan ibu dan pekerjaan ibu); faktor kerawanan pangan; faktor kesehatan lingkungan (kepemilikan jamban); faktor penyakit infeksi (ISPA, diare, pneumonia, TBC) dan faktor pelayanan kesehatan (pemberian vitamin A dan pengobatan balita sakit di fasilitas kesehatan). Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis data kompleks. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square dan analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi stunting pada balita 6-59 bulan adalah 22,7%. Berdasarkan analisis multivariat, determinan stunting balita 6-59 bulan di Provinsi Banten adalah jenis kelamin (p-value 0,021; AOR 1,351; CI 95% 1,047 – 1,744); pendidikan ibu (p-value 0,009; AOR 1,484; CI 95% 1,103 – 1,998); panjang badan lahir (p-value 0,001; AOR 2,094; CI 95% 1,512 – 2,899); kerawanan pangan (p-value 0,009; AOR 1,629; CI 95% 1,131 – 2,347). Faktor dominan kejadian stunting balita 6-59 bulan di Provinsi Banten adalah panjang badan lahir pendek (AOR 2,09). Bayi panjang lahir pendek perlu mendapatkan intervensi KIE gizi dan kesehatan untuk ibu balita; mendapat makanan tambahan balita dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten/Kota dan Puskesmas serta pemantauan rutin setiap bulan di Posyandu agar tidak tumbuh menjadi balita stunting.
Stunting is a condition of growth failure caused by chronic nutritional deficiencies and repeated infections that have long-term effects. Stunting is still a public health problem in Banten Province because the prevalence is still high. This study aims to determine the determinants of stunting in toddlers aged 6-59 months in Banten Province. The research design used was cross sectional with a total sample of 1,643 toddlers obtained from total sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data used is the SSGI 2021 data belonging to the Indonesian Ministry of Health's BKPK. The independent variables in this study were child factors (age, sex, birth weight, birth length, dietary diversity), maternal factors (mother's education and mother's occupation); food insecurity factor; environmental health factors (latrine ownership); infection disease factors (ARI, diarrhea, pneumonia, tuberculosis) and health service factors (giving vitamin A and treating sick toddlers in health facilities). Data were analyzed using complex data analysis. Bivariate analysis used the chi-square test and multivariate analysis used multiple logistic regression. The results showed that the proportion of stunting among toddlers aged 6-59 months was 22.7%. Based on multivariate analysis, the determinant of stunting for children aged 6-59 months in Banten Province is gender (p-value 0.021; AOR 1.351; 95% CI 1.047 – 1.744); mother's education (p-value 0.009; AOR 1.484; 95% CI 1.103 – 1.998); birth length (p-value 0.001; AOR 2.094; 95% CI 1.512 – 2.899); food insecurity (p-value 0.009; AOR 1.629; 95% CI 1.131 – 2.347). The dominant factor in the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 6-59 months in Banten Province is short birth length (AOR 2.09). Short-born babies need to receive health and nutrition communication, information, education interventions for mothers under five and get supplementary food for toddlers from the District/City Health Office and Community Health Centers as well as routine monitoring every month at the Posyandu so they don't grow into stunted toddlers.
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Stunting is a condition of growth failure caused by chronic nutritional deficiencies and repeated infections that have long-term effects. Stunting is still a public health problem in Banten Province because the prevalence is still high. This study aims to determine the determinants of stunting in toddlers aged 6-59 months in Banten Province. The research design used was cross sectional with a total sample of 1,643 toddlers obtained from total sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data used is the SSGI 2021 data belonging to the Indonesian Ministry of Health's BKPK. The independent variables in this study were child factors (age, sex, birth weight, birth length, dietary diversity), maternal factors (mother's education and mother's occupation); food insecurity factor; environmental health factors (latrine ownership); infection disease factors (ARI, diarrhea, pneumonia, tuberculosis) and health service factors (giving vitamin A and treating sick toddlers in health facilities). Data were analyzed using complex data analysis. Bivariate analysis used the chi-square test and multivariate analysis used multiple logistic regression. The results showed that the proportion of stunting among toddlers aged 6-59 months was 22.7%. Based on multivariate analysis, the determinant of stunting for children aged 6-59 months in Banten Province is gender (p-value 0.021; AOR 1.351; 95% CI 1.047 – 1.744); mother's education (p-value 0.009; AOR 1.484; 95% CI 1.103 – 1.998); birth length (p-value 0.001; AOR 2.094; 95% CI 1.512 – 2.899); food insecurity (p-value 0.009; AOR 1.629; 95% CI 1.131 – 2.347). The dominant factor in the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 6-59 months in Banten Province is short birth length (AOR 2.09). Short-born babies need to receive health and nutrition communication, information, education interventions for mothers under five and get supplementary food for toddlers from the District/City Health Office and Community Health Centers as well as routine monitoring every month at the Posyandu so they don't grow into stunted toddlers.
T-6692
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Kandita Iman Khairina; Pembimbing: Asih Setiarini; Penguji: Ahmad Syafiq, Siti Arifah Pujonarti, Kusharisupeni Djokosujono, Fajrinayanti
Abstrak:
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan factor kejadian diare pada balita usia 6-59 bulan di Jawa Barat menggunakan data sekunder Studi Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) 2021. Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Sampel merupakan balita berusia 6-59 bulan di Jawa Barat dalam data SSGI 2021 dengan kriteria eksklusi balita mengalami gangguan mental, cacat fisik, dan penyakit kongenital. Variabel dependen dari studi ini adalah kejadian diare pada balita usia 6-59 bulan di Jawa Barat dan independen adalah karakteristik keluarga (usia ibu, pendidikan ibu, dan status bekerja ibu), karakteristik balita (usia balita, status gizi, dan jenis kelamin), faktor perilaku (IMD, ASI eksklusif, dan imunisasi dasar), dan faktor lingkungan (jamban, sumber air minum, dan tempat tinggal). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan diare pada balita 6-59 bulan di Jawa Barat berdasarkan data SSGI 2021 sebesar 9,1%. Variabel yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diare yaitu usia balita, usia ibu, pendidikan ibu, sumber air, jamban, dan tempat tinggal
This study aims to determine the determinants of diarrhea incidence in infants aged 6-59 months in West Java Province using secondary data from Indonesia Nutritional Study Data 2021. This study is a descriptive study using cross-sectional design. Sample in this study is toddler aged 6-59 months in West Java Province in Indonesia Nutritional Study Data 2021 with inclusive criteria was toddler aged 6-59 months and exclusive criteria was mental disorder, physical disability, and congenital diseases. Dependent variable in this study is diarrhea incidence in children aged 6-59 month old. Independent variables are children age, children gender, children nutritional status, mother's age, mother's education, mother's working status, exclusively breastfeeding, early initiation of breastfeeding, vaccination status, latrines, water source, and type of residence.This study shows diarrhea incidence in children aged 6-59 month old. Independent variables that were shown to have significant relationship with diarrhea in this study are children's age, mother's age, mother's education, water source, latrines, and type of residence
T-6786
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ariani Tri Rahmi; Pembimbing: Sandra Fikawati; Penguji: Diah Mulyawati Utari, Triyanti, Muhammad Johansyah, Denas Symond
Abstrak:
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Stunting merupakan kondisi gagal tumbuh pada balita yang diakibatkan karena kekurangan gizi kronis dan terjadi dalam jangka waktu panjang ditandai dengan tinggi/panjang badan anak terhadap usia <-2 SD kurva pertumbuhan WHO. Prevalensi Stunting di Indonesia pada tahun 2022 adalah 21,6%. Provinsi NTB merupakan salah satu provinsi yang mengalami kenaikan prevalensi stunting dari dari 31,4% pada tahun 2021 menjadi 32,7% pada tahun 2022. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahu faktor risiko penyebab stunting pada anak usia 24-59 bulan di Provinsi NTB. Desain dalam penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional menggunakan data SSGI 2022. Sampel dalam penelitian ini anak anak usia 24-59 bulan di Provinsi NTB yang terpilih menjadi responden SSGI 2022. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan chi-square dan regresi logistik berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis kelamin, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, jumlah balita dalam keluarga, sumber air minum, dan kepemilikan jamban berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting (p<0,05). Faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 24-59 bulan di Provinsi NTB adalah sumber air minum setelah dipengaruhi oleh variabel jenis kelamin anak dan pendidikan ibu (OR : 1,399 ; 95% CI : 1,168-1,675).
Stunting is a condition of failure to grow in toddlers due to malnutrition over a long period of time characterized by the height/length of the child's body for age <-2 SD on the WHO growth curve. The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia in 2022 is 21.6%. NTB Province is one of the provinces that has experienced an increase in the prevalence of stunting from 31,4% in 2021 to 32,7% in 2022. This research aims to determine the risk factors that cause stunting in children aged 24-59 months in NTB Province. The design of this study was cross-sectional using SSGI 2022 data. The sample in this study was children aged 24-59 months in NTB Province who were selected as respondents to the SSGI 2022. Data analysis was carried out using chi-square and multiple logistic regression. The results of the study showed that gender, maternal education, maternal occupation, the number of children under five in the family, drinking water sources, and ownership of toilet were related to the incidence of stunting (p<0.05). The dominant factor associated with the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months in NTB Province is drinking water sources which is influences by the sex of the child and maternal education (OR : 1,399 ; 95% CI : 1,168-1,675).
T-7022
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Kendrick; Pembimbing: Sandra Fikawati; Penguji: Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Maya Fernandya Siahaan
Abstrak:
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Stunting adalah salah satu bentuk malnutrisi yang diidentifikasi melalui nilai-z panjang atau tinggi badan anak di bawah -2 standar deviasi berdasarkan Standar Pertumbuhan Anak WHO. Stunting dapat disebabkan oleh defisiensi zat gizi dan gangguan pertumbuhan anak selama 1000 Hari Pertama Kelahiran. Stunting dapat menyebabkan risiko morbiditas dan mortalitas, infeksi, dan perkembangan penyakit tidak menular. Pada tahun 2024, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur memiliki prevalensi stunting sebesar 37%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada anak 24-35 bulan di Provinsi NTT berdasarkan data SSGI 2024. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional dan melibatkan 1.939 sampel berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data yang digunakan adalah data SSGI 2024. Variabel independen yang dilibatkan dibagi ke dalam faktor ibu, anak, dan rumah tangga. Data dianalisis secara bivariat dengan metode chi-square dan secara multivariat dengan metode regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi stunting sebesar 41.8% pada anak 24-35 bulan di Provinsi NTT 2024. Variabel usia ibu, tinggi badan ibu, kunjungan ANC, pengetahuan stunting, riwayat PBLR, riwayat ISPA, riwayat pneumonia, riwayat imunisasi dasar, indeks kekayaan, kepemilikan fasilitas sanitasi, sumber air minum, dan daerah tempat tinggal berhubungan signifikan dengan stunting. Faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak 24-35 bulan di Provinsi NTT adalah tinggi badan ibu (aOR 2.48, 95% CI 1.92-3.20).
Stunting is a form of malnutrition identifiable through length- or height-for-age z-score below -2 standard deviation according to the WHO Child Growth Standards. Stunting can be caused by nutritional deficiencies and growth faltering throughout the First 1000 Days of Life. Stunting may increase risk of morbidity and mortality, infection, and non-communicable disease development. Eastern Nusa Tenggara has a 37% stunting rate in 2024. This research aims to identify risk factors correlated to stunting in children aged 24-35 months in Eastern Nusa Tenggara Province. The design of this study is cross-sectional and involves 1.939 amount of samples filtered with inclusion and exclusion criterias. Data involved in this study are from the 2024 SSGI. Independent variables involved are categorised into maternal, child, and household factors. Data were analysed bivariately through chi-square test and multivariately through multiple logistic regression. Results show that 41.8% children aged 24-35 months in Eastern Nusa Tenggara are stunted. Maternal age, maternal stature, antenatal care visits, knowledge on stunting, short birth length, URTI, pneumonia, immunisation history, wealth index, sanitation facility, drinking water source, and place of residence are found to be significantly associated with stunting. The dominant factor identified in this study is maternal stature (aOR 2.48, 95% CI 1.92-3.20).
S-12286
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Evi Firna; Pembimbing: Asih Setiarini; Penguji: Siti Arifah Pujonarti, Diah Mulyawati Utari, Fajrinayanti, Dewi Astuti
Abstrak:
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Stunting adalah kondisi gagal tumbuh baik secara fisik maupun kognitif karena kekurangan gizi kronis dan infeksi berulang. Stunting di Provinsi Sulawesi Barat (33,8%) menempati urutan kedua tertinggi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko stunting pada anak usia 6-23 bulan di Provinsi Sulawesi Barat. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional dengan 552 sampel yang diperoleh dari total sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data yang digunakan adalah data Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) Tahun 2021. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji kai kuadrat dan multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik ganda model determinan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proporsi stunting pada anak usia 6-23 bulan sebesar 31,9%. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting adalah usia anak (OR=1,802), berat badan lahir (OR=3,08), dan panjang badan lahir (OR=2,283). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting adalah berat badan lahir. Anak yang memiliki riwayat BBLR berisiko 2,6 kali lebih tinggi untuk mengalami stunting dibandingkan dengan yang tidak memiliki riwayat BBLR setelah dikontrol variabel usia anak, panjang badan lahir, dan status menyusui.
Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive both physically and cognitively due to chronic malnutrition and repeated infections. Stunting in West Sulawesi (33,8%) is the second highest in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the risk factors of stunting in children aged 6-23 months in West Sulawesi Province. The research design used was cross sectional with 552 samples obtained from total sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data used is Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey 2021. Bivariate analysis used chi-squared test and multivariate used multiple logistic regression as the determinant model. The results showed that the proportion of stunting in children 6-23 months was 31,9%. Bivariate analysis showed that the variables associated with the incidence of stunting were child’s age (OR=1,802), birth weight (OR=3,08), and birth length (OR=2,283). Multivariate analysis showed that the dominant factor associated with stunting was birth weight. Children with a history of LBW are at risk of stunting 2.6 times higher than those without a history of LBW after being controlled by child’s age, birth length, and breastfeeding status.
T-6818
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Rabiatul Adawiyah; Pembimbing: Asih Setiarini; Penguji: Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Fathimah Sulistyowati Sigit, Kusharisupeni Djokosujono, Suryani Eka Wijaya
Abstrak:
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Stunting masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat dengan prevalensi yang relatif tinggi serta adanya perbedaan kondisi sosial, ekonomi, sanitasi, dan akses pelayanan kesehatan antara wilayah perdesaan dan perkotaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis determinan sosial ekonomi, sanitasi, dan layanan kesehatan dasar yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6–59 bulan di wilayah perdesaan dan perkotaan Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan data sekunder Survei Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2023. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 1.539 anak yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Variabel yang dianalisis meliputi status ekonomi, ukuran rumah tangga, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, sumber air minum, kepemilikan fasilitas cuci tangan, jenis sanitasi rumah tangga, pemeriksaan antenatal care, dan status imunisasi dasar lengkap. Analisis dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan desain survei kompleks dan bobot sampel, meliputi analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat yang distratifikasi berdasarkan wilayah tempat tinggal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi stunting di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat sebesar 22,8%, dengan prevalensi lebih tinggi di wilayah perdesaan sebesar 24,7% dibandingkan wilayah perkotaan sebesar 21,1%. Di wilayah perkotaan, fasilitas cuci tangan yang tidak layak merupakan faktor yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan stunting. Anak yang tinggal di rumah tangga dengan fasilitas cuci tangan tidak layak memiliki peluang 1,938 kali mengalami stunting dibandingkan anak dengan fasilitas cuci tangan layak (OR=1,938; 95% CI: 1,257–2,989; p=0,003). Di wilayah perdesaan, status ekonomi menengah atas berhubungan dengan stunting (OR=0,409; 95% CI: 0,169–0,991; p=0,048). Pada penelitian ini determinan stunting berbeda antara wilayah perkotaan dan perdesaan. Intervensi di wilayah perkotaan perlu menekankan peningkatan fasilitas dan praktik cuci tangan, sedangkan di wilayah perdesaan perlu memperhatikan kondisi sosial ekonomi, ketahanan pangan, dan pemenuhan pangan bergizi keluarga.
Stunting remains a public health problem in West Nusa Tenggara Province, with a relatively high prevalence and disparities in socioeconomic conditions, sanitation, and access to healthcare services between rural and urban areas. This study aimed to analyze the socioeconomic, sanitation, and basic healthcare determinants associated with stunting among children aged 6–59 months in rural and urban areas of West Nusa Tenggara Province. This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey. The study included 1,539 children who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The variables analyzed included economic status, household size, maternal education, maternal employment, drinking water source, availability of handwashing facilities, household sanitation, antenatal care attendance, and complete basic immunization status. The analyses accounted for the complex survey design and sampling weights and included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses stratified by area of residence. The results showed that the prevalence of stunting in West Nusa Tenggara Province was 22.8%, with a higher prevalence in rural areas than in urban areas, at 24.7% and 21.1%, respectively. In urban areas, inadequate handwashing facilities were the factor most strongly associated with stunting. Children living in households with inadequate handwashing facilities had 1.938 times higher odds of stunting than those living in households with adequate handwashing facilities (OR=1.938; 95% CI: 1.257–2.989; p=0.003). In rural areas, upper-middle economic status was associated with stunting (OR=0.409; 95% CI: 0.169–0.991; p=0.048), indicating lower odds of stunting compared with the highest economic group. This study found that the determinants of stunting differed between urban and rural areas. Interventions in urban areas should emphasize improving handwashing facilities and practices, whereas interventions in rural areas should address household socioeconomic conditions, food security, and access to nutritious foods.
T-7690
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Joellyn Sherapine Lumbantobing; Pembimbing: Trini Sudiarti; Penguji: Siti Arifah Pujonarti, Kusharisupeni Djokosujono
Abstrak:
Stunting merupakan gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang dialami anak akibat gizi buruk, infeksi berulang, dan stimulasi psikososial yang tidak memadai yang ditandai dengan indeks TB/U < -2 SD. Stunting dapat menghambat seorang anak dalam mencapai potensi fisik dan kognitifnya baik dalam jangka pendek maupun dalam jangka panjang. Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) tahun 2022 mencatat penurunan prevalensi stunting sebesar 2,8% dari tahun 2021 menjadi 21,8%. Prevalensi stunting di Indonesia masih tergolong kategori tinggi. Sulawesi Barat merupakan provinsi dengan prevalensi stunting tertinggi kedua. Terdapat peningkatan prevalensi secara khusus pada kelompok usia 24-59 bulan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kejadian stunting dan faktor dominan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 24-59 bulan di Provinsi Sulawesi Barat tahun 2022. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan adalah 2479 sampel menggunakan total sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder SSGI tahun 2022 yang diperoleh sesuai prosedur yang berlaku. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 34,8% anak usia 24-59 bulan di Provinsi Sulawesi Barat tergolong stunting. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara berat badan lahir (p <0,001; OR = 2,537), panjang badan lahir (p <0,001; OR = 2,355), jumlah anggota keluarga (p = 0,037; OR = 1,194), akses air minum (p = 0,004; OR = 1,382), akses sanitasi (p <0,001; OR = 1,942), dan wilayah tempat tinggal (p = 0,003; OR = 1,333) dengan kejadian stunting. Namun, tidak ditemukan adanya hubungan antara riwayat penyakit infeksi, jumlah anak umur 0-59 bulan, ketahanan pangan, status imunisasi dasar, pemanfaatan posyandu, suplementasi vitamin A, dan pemberian obat cacing dengan kejadian stunting. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa faktor dominan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 24-59 bulan di Provinsi Sulawesi Barat adalah panjang badan lahir.
Stunting is a growth and development disorder experienced by children due to poor nutrition, recurrent infections, and inadequate psychosocial stimulation which is characterized by a HAZ index < -2 SD. Stunting can prevent a child from reaching his physical and cognitive potential, not only in the short but also in the long term. The 2022 Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) recorded a reduction in stunting prevalence of 2.8% from 2021 to 21.8%. The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is still in the high category. West Sulawesi is the province with the second-highest prevalence of stunting. There is a particular increase in prevalence in the 24-59 months age group. Therefore, this study aims to determine the description of stunting and the dominant factor in the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months in West Sulawesi Province in 2022. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. The number of samples used was 2479 samples using total sampling. This research uses SSGI secondary data for 2022 which was obtained according to applicable procedures. The research results show that 34.8% of children aged 24-59 months in West Sulawesi Province are classified as stunted. Bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between birth weight (p < 0.001; OR = 2.537), birth length (p < 0.001; OR = 2.355), number of family members (p = 0.037; OR = 1.194), access to water (p = 0.004; OR = 1.382), access to sanitation (p < 0.001; OR = 1.942), and area of residence (p = 0.003; OR = 1.333) with the incidence of stunting. However, no relationship was found between the history of infectious diseases, number of children aged 0-59 months, food security, basic immunization status, use of integrated service post (posyandu), vitamin A supplementation, and administration of deworming drug (p > 0,05) with the incidence of stunting. This research found that the dominant factor in the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months in West Sulawesi Province is birth length.
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Stunting is a growth and development disorder experienced by children due to poor nutrition, recurrent infections, and inadequate psychosocial stimulation which is characterized by a HAZ index < -2 SD. Stunting can prevent a child from reaching his physical and cognitive potential, not only in the short but also in the long term. The 2022 Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) recorded a reduction in stunting prevalence of 2.8% from 2021 to 21.8%. The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is still in the high category. West Sulawesi is the province with the second-highest prevalence of stunting. There is a particular increase in prevalence in the 24-59 months age group. Therefore, this study aims to determine the description of stunting and the dominant factor in the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months in West Sulawesi Province in 2022. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. The number of samples used was 2479 samples using total sampling. This research uses SSGI secondary data for 2022 which was obtained according to applicable procedures. The research results show that 34.8% of children aged 24-59 months in West Sulawesi Province are classified as stunted. Bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between birth weight (p < 0.001; OR = 2.537), birth length (p < 0.001; OR = 2.355), number of family members (p = 0.037; OR = 1.194), access to water (p = 0.004; OR = 1.382), access to sanitation (p < 0.001; OR = 1.942), and area of residence (p = 0.003; OR = 1.333) with the incidence of stunting. However, no relationship was found between the history of infectious diseases, number of children aged 0-59 months, food security, basic immunization status, use of integrated service post (posyandu), vitamin A supplementation, and administration of deworming drug (p > 0,05) with the incidence of stunting. This research found that the dominant factor in the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months in West Sulawesi Province is birth length.
S-11748
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Marlina Rully Wahyuningrum; Pembimbing: Diah Mulyawati Utari; Penguji: Sandra Fikawati, Triyanti, Rian Anggraini, Neneng Susanti
Abstrak:
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Stunting merupakan rendahnya ukuran antropometri dari panjang atau tinggi badan menurut umur akibat kekurangan gizi dalam jangka waktu lama. Stunting menyebabkan anak gagal mencapai pertumbuhan linear dan potensi kognitif yang optimal. Sumatera Barat menjadi satu-satunya provinsi di Pulau Sumatera yang mengalami peningkatan angka stunting pada tahun 2022, dari 23,3% (2021) menjadi 25,2% (2022). Tingginya stunting di perdesaan dibandingkan di perkotaan berkaitan dengan determinan stunting di tiap karakteristik wilayah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan stunting pada anak usia 6-23 bulan berdasarkan wilayah perdesaan dan perkotaan di Provinsi Sumatera Barat menurut data Survei Status Gizi Indonesia Tahun 2022. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 2.011 anak dari total sampling sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Variabel independen meliputi faktor anak, ibu, keluarga, dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat (chi square), dan multivariat (regresi logistik ganda). Hasil menunjukkan prevalensi stunting di Provinsi Sumatera Barat sebesar 18,4%, dengan proporsi stunting di perdesaan (22,1%) lebih tinggi dibanding perkotaan (16,8%). Terdapat perbedaan proporsi stunting berdasarkan jenis kelamin, usia anak, panjang badan lahir, tinggi badan ibu, dan kunjungan ANC di perdesaan. Untuk perkotaan, terdapat perbedaan proporsi stunting berdasarkan pneumonia, jenis kelamin, usia anak, berat badan lahir, panjang badan lahir, tinggi badan ibu, pendidikan ibu, ketahanan pangan rumah tangga, dan sanitasi. Secara keseluruhan di Provinsi Sumatera Barat, terdapat perbedaan proporsi stunting berdasarkan pneumonia, jenis kelamin, usia anak, berat badan lahir, panjang badan lahir, tinggi badan ibu, kunjungan ANC, pendidikan ibu, ketahanan pangan rumah tangga, sanitasi, dan klasifikasi tempat tinggal. Faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan stunting di perdesaan adalah usia anak (OR=3,181), sedangkan di perkotaan dan Provinsi Sumatera Barat adalah tinggi badan ibu (OR=2,994; 2,960). Peningkatan usia anak perlu mendapatkan perhatian lebih agar kemungkinan terjadinya stunting dapat dicegah atau ditangani lebih dini. Pencegahan dan penanggulangan stunting perlu dimulai dari hulu dengan lebih memerhatikan asupan zat gizi dan kesehatan remaja putri sebagai calon ibu agar memiliki status gizi yang baik.
Stunting is an anthropometric measure of low body length or height according to age due to long-term malnutrition. Stunting causes children to fail to achieve optimal linear growth and cognitive potential. West Sumatra is the only province on the island of Sumatra that will experience an increase in stunting rates in 2022, from 23.3% (2021) to 25.2% (2022). The higher rate of stunting in rural compared to urban areas is related to the determinants of stunting in each characteristic of areas. This study aims to determine the determinants of stunting in children aged 6-23 months based on rural and urban areas in West Sumatra Province according to data from the Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey 2022. The design of this research is cross sectional with a sample size of 2,011 children from the total sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Independent variables include child, mother, family and environmental factors. This research was analyzed univariate, bivariate (chi square), and multivariate (multiple logistic regression). The results show that the prevalence of stunting in West Sumatra Province is 18.4%, with the proportion of stunting in rural (22.1%) higher than urban areas (16.8%). There are differences in the proportion of stunting based on gender, child's age, birth length, mother's height, and ANC visits in rural areas. For urban, there are differences in the proportion of stunting based on pneumonia, gender, child's age, birth weight, birth length, mother's height, mother's education, household food security, and sanitation. Overall in West Sumatra Province, there are differences in the proportion of stunting based on pneumonia, gender, child's age, birth weight, birth length, mother's height, ANC visits, mother's education, household food security, sanitation, and residence classification. The dominant factor associated with stunting in rural is the child's age (OR=3.181), while in urban and West Sumatra Province it is the mother's height (OR=2.994; 2.960). Increasing the age of children needs more attention so that the possibility of stunting can be prevented or treated earlier. Prevention and control of stunting needs to start from the upstream by paying more attention to the nutritional intake and health of young women as mothers-to-be so that they have good nutritional status.
T-6939
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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