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Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a serious public health problem in the world. Diabetes mellitus is also the main cause of morbidity, mortality, disability, and economic loss all over the world include development countries. The research objective is to estimate the diabetes mellitus prevalence, risk factors, and prediction model in urban areas of Indonesia. By analyzed The Indonesia Basic Health Research Survey 2007 that consist of 19,960 respondents aged above 15 years old who had Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). Only 18,746 respondents had been analyzed. Logistic regression with two stage design sampling was used to analyze the data.
Maternal mental health problem is a major challenge in global public health problems. Women are generally more at risk for depression during pregnancy because of hormonal changes and their role changes in life. Untreated antenatal depression can increase the risk of postpartum depression and other complications for both mother and baby. Some symptoms of antenatal depression are similar to discomfort in pregnancy experienced by pregnant women so that these symptoms are often considered as normal discomfort in pregnancy. The absence of depression screening assessment instruments in pregnancy also makes mental health services for pregnant women not performed by midwives when conducting antenatal care in primary health facilities. This study aims to design an antenatal depression detection system in website-based mental health services for pregnant women. This research was conducted at the UPT Puskesmas Rawat Inap Panjang Bandar Lampung using a prototyping system development method. The results of this study indicate that mental health services for pregnant women have not been carried out in integrated antenatal care services. The final result of this research is a prototype of an information system that is able to detect the risk of depression in pregnant women and assess the risk factors that might be the cause of depression in pregnant women. By knowing these risk factors, midwives can provide appropriate interventions in reducing antenatal depression.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable disease that can be treated, and its consequences can be prevented or delayed through proper diet, physical activity, medication, as well as regular screening and treatment of complications. However, this disease is often diagnosed several years after onset, by which time complications and comorbidities may have developed, making it one of the top 10 causes of hospitalizations. This study aims to determine the effect of severity and comorbidity on the length of hospital stay among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in advanced referral health facilities (FKRTL) among BPJS Kesehatan participants in 2023, controlled for variables such as FKRTL type, FKRTL ownership, segmentation, care class, age, and gender. This research used 2023 BPJS Kesehatan sample data with a cross-sectional study design. The analysis included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate methods. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between severity and length of stay (p-value = 0.001), while comorbidities were not significantly associated with length of stay (p-value = 0.285). Moderate to severe severity and comorbidities with a CCI score of ≥1 were associated with a higher risk of prolonged hospitalization and a lower risk of short hospitalization compared to the ideal length of stay (RRR = 4.95; 95% CI = 0.82–29.85; RRR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.29–0.72 | RRR = 1.11; 95% CI = 0.25–4.92; RRR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.41–1.10). Multivariate analysis controlling for FKRTL type, FKRTL ownership, segmentation, care class, age, and gender showed that the association between severity and length of stay remained significant after controlling for FKRTL type and FKRTL ownership, while the association between comorbidity and length of stay remained insignificant even after adjusting for control variables. Efforts to enhance clinical early detection programs for the severity level and comorbidities of type 2 diabetes mellitus are necessary to prevent prolonged hospital stays due to complications and disease severity, which contribute to a significant healthcare burden.
Tujuan: untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasienDM tipe 2 di RSUP NTB tahun 2012-2013, serta mengukur asosiasi sederhana DSME terhadap lama hari rawat pasien di RSUP NTB. Desain dan
Metode: Tinjauan secara retrospektif terhadap 199 rekam medis pasien DM tipe 2.
Hasil: DSME disampaikan oleh perawat dan ahli gizi. Akan tetapi, tidak seluruh pasien mendapat edukasi. Di RSUP NTB, yang tercatat edukasi tentang: diet (53%),aktivitas fisik (33%), tentang obat (8%), komplikasi (1%), edukasi lainnya (6%),dan 27% pasien yang tidak mendapat edukasi apapun oleh perawat. Sebanyak 43.7% pasien yang mendapat konseling gizi oleh ahli gizi. Pasien yang mendapatDSME memiliki lama hari rawat yang lebih singkat dibandingkan dengan yang tidak mendapat edukasi.
Kesimpulan: berdasarkan catatan rekam medis DSMEdi RSUP NTB belum optimal dan DSME berperan mempersingkat lama harirawat pasien.
Kata kunci: Diabetes Self Management Education, DM tipe 2, lama hari rawat,rawat inap, RSUP NTB.
Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (type 2 DM) is a disease that can not becured. An adequate education is one of way management of type 2 DM. DiabetesSelf Management Education (DSME) in hospitals not adequate and impact onlength of stay.
Purpose: this study to describe characteristics of patients withtype 2 DM at General Hospital West Nusa Tenggara 2012-2013, and measuredassociation of DSME to length of stay.
Design and Method: Descriptiveresearch method with retrospective design. Number of samples involved in thisstudy is 199 medical records of patients with type 2 DM.
Result: DSMEdelivered by nurses and nutritionists. But, not all patients get DSME. DSMErecorded was about: diet (53%), exercises (33%), medicines (8%),complications of type 2 DM (1%), other education (6%), and 27% of patients donot get any DSME. Patients with DSME has shorter length of stay than patientwithout DSME.
Conclusion: according to medical records, DSME at GeneralHospital West Nusa Tenggara 2012-2013 is not optimal and DSME role inlength of stay of patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Keywords: Diabetes Self Management Education; type 2 DM; length of stay,inpatient, RSUP NTB.
