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The consumption pattern is the composition of food that includes the type and amount of food on average per person per day, which is generally consumed by the public within a certain period. The COVID-19 pandemic and the policies implemented to prevent its spread have led to changes in lifestyle, including consumption patterns. Changes to unhealthy consumption patterns are known to increase the risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. Students are one of the groups most affected by the pandemic and vulnerable to changes to unhealthy consumption patterns, even though the development of a lifestyle during the 18-25 year age range is very important to form healthy eating habits that last a lifetime. This study measures differences in consumption patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic based on individual and environmental factors in undergraduate students of Universitas Indonesia. The research was conducted online from March-June 2022. The research design used was a cross-sectional study design and the purposive sampling method was used to obtain 137 respondents. The results of this study indicate that most respondents did not experience changes in consumption patterns at the beginning of the pandemic compared to prior the pandemic (36.5%). After two years of the pandemic, most of the respondents also did not experience a change in consumption patterns compared to the beginning of the pandemic (48.9%). However, the Wilcoxon test results found significant differences in intake of most nutrients before the pandemic compared to the beginning of the pandemic, at the start of the pandemic compared to after two years of the pandemic, and before the pandemic compared to after two years of the pandemic. The results of the chi-square test also showed a significant difference in consumption patterns after two years of the pandemic based on changes in stress (p-value = 0.008). Based on the results of multinomial logistic regression analysis, the tendency of respondents with increased stress to experience changes to unhealthy consumption patterns is 2,981 times greater than respondents who do not experience changes in stress or experience decreased stress.
Asupan mikronutrien inadekuat dapat berdampak buruk bagi imunitas tubuh, terutama saat pandemi Covid-19. Asupan mikronutrien mahasiswa dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti pengetahuan gizi, tingkat stress, uang saku, media sosial, dan konsumsi. Untuk melihat hubungan antara asupan mikronutrien dengan faktor-faktor tersebut, dilakukan penelitian cross-sectional menggunakan data sekunder tahun 2020 yang melibatkan 138 mahasiswa S1 Gizi Universitas Indonesia. Ditemukan persentase asupan vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, asam folat, zat besi dan seng tergolong cukup (≥70% AKG) adalah 53,6%, 16,7%, 1,4%, 0%, 22,5%, 17,4%, 1,4%, 1,4%, dan 27,5%. Hasil analisis dengan chi-square menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan adanya hubungan signifikan antara asupan seng dengan penggunaan instagram (p-value= 0,002), asupan vitamin C (p-value=0,010), asupan asam folat (p- value=0,000), dan asupan seng (p-value=0,018) dengan konsumsi sayuran, asupan vitamin C (p-value=0,000), vitamin D (p-value=0,007), vitamin E (p-value=0,000), vitamin B6 (p-value=0,000), asam folat (p-value=0,007), dan zat besi (p-value=0,007) dengan konsumsi buah, asupan vitamin B12 (p-value=0,012) dan seng (p-value=0,027) dengan konsumsi lauk hewani, asupan vitamin C (p-value=0,033), vitamin E (p- value=0,011), dan seng (p-value=0,017) dengan kebiasaan sarapan. Meskipun tidak ditemukan hubungan signifikan dengan pengetahuan gizi dan tingkat stress, kecenderungan hubungan masih ditemukan. Dengan demikian, pengetahuan gizi, tingkat stress, media sosial, serta konsumsi merupakan faktor yang penting untuk dipertimbangkan dalam rangka memenuhi kebutuhan asupan mikronutrien pada mahasiswa. Kata kunci: Asupan mikronutrien, konsumsi sayur, konsumsi buah, konsumsi lauk hewani, sarapan, mahasiswa
Micronutrient inadequacy can cause effects on the immune system, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. Students’ micronutrient intake may be influenced by knowledge, stress levels, pocket money, social media, and consumption. To assess the relationship between micronutrient intake and these factors, a cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data in 2020 involving 138 students of the Nutrition students in University of Indonesia. This study found that the percentage of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, folic acid, iron and zinc adequacy, respectively, was 53.6%, 16.7%, 1.4%, 0 %, 22.5%, 17.4%, 1.4%, 1.4%, and 27.5%. The result of chi-square analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between zinc intake and instagram usage (p-value = 0.002), vitamin C (p-value=0,010), folic acid (p-value=0,000), and zinc (p-value=0,018) intake with vegetable consumption, vitamin C (p-value=0.000), vitamin D (p-value=0.007), vitamin E (p- value=0.000), vitamin B6 (p-value=0.000), folic acid (p-value=0.007), and iron (p- value=0.007) intake with fruit consumption, vitamin B12 (p-value=0.012) and zinc (p- value=0.027) with animal source food consumption, vitamin C (p-value = 0.033), vitamin E (p-value = 0.011), and zinc (p-value = 0.017) intake with breakfast habits. Even though no significant relationship was found with nutritional knowledge and stress levels, the tendencies of the relationship was still found. Therefore, nutritional knowledge, stress levels, social media, and consumption are important factors in order to optimize students’ micronutrient intake. Key Words: Miconutrient intake, vegetable consumption, fruit consumption, animal source food consumption, breakfast, college student
