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ABSTRAK Nama : Syifa Pramudita Faddila Program Studi : Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Judul : Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dan Konsumsi dengan Kejadian Overweight pada Anak Usia 10-12 Tahun Di Indonesia Tahun 2013 (Analisis Multilevel Data Riskesdas Tahun 2013) Pembimbing : dr.Iwan Ariawan, MSPH Kegiatan aktivitas fisik dan konsumsi makanan yang seimbang adalah upaya untuk menekan angka overweight pada masa anak-anak agar tidak berlanjut menjadi obesitas maupun penyakit degenaratif lainnya. Secara global, sebanyak 42 juta anak mengalami overweight pada tahun 2015 dan angka kegemukan di Indonesia sekitar 10,8% pada tahun 2013. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fisik dan konsumsi dengan kejadian overweight pada anak usia 10-12 tahun di Indonesia tahun 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder Riskesdas 2013 dengan desain studi cross sectional dimana sampel penelitian sebanyak 49.620 anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 14,5% anak mengalami overweight. Hanya aktivitas fisik yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan kejadian overweight (p=0,014), sedangkan konsumsi makanan berisiko (p=0,518) serta buah dan sayur (p=0,693) tidak signifikan terhadap kejadian overweight. Anak yang kurang aktif berisiko 1,11 kali (95% CI= 1,02–1,21) untuk menjadi overweight dibandingkan dengan anak yang aktif. Hasil analisis multilevel menunjukkan variasi kejadian overweight antar provinsi lebih besar jika dibandingkan dengan faktor risiko pada level individu (MOR=1,37). Kejadian overweight berhubungan dengan aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan anak-anak, sedangkan konsumsi tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna. Dibutuhkan strategi dan sosialisasi aktivitas fisik pada anak dengan melibatkan berbagai sektor dan built environment agar anak lebih aktif untuk mengurangi kejadian overweight. Kata kunci: Overweight, Aktivitas Fisik, Konsumsi
ABSTRACT Name : Syifa Pramudita Faddila Study Program : Public Health Title : Association between Physical Activity and Consumption with Overweight among Children Aged 10-12 Years in Indonesia 2013 (Multilevel Analysis of Riskesdas 2013) Counsellor : dr.Iwan Ariawan, MSPH Physical activity and balanced food consumption is an attempt to reduce overweight in childhood so as not to continue to be obese or other degenerative diseases. Globally, 42 million children are overweight by 2015 and overweight in Indonesia is around 10.8% in 2013. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between physical activity and consumption with overweight among children aged 10-12 years in Indonesia 2013. This study uses secondary data Riskesdas 2013 with a cross sectional study design where the sample of research is 49,620 children. The results showed 14.5% of respondents had overweight. Only physical activity had significant association with overweight (p=0,014), whereas risky food consumption (p=0,518) with fruit and vegetable consumption (p=0,693) was not significant. Less active respondents were at risk 1.11 times (95% CI= 1.02-1.21) to become overweight compared with active respondents. Multilevel analysis results show that variation in overweight between provinces is greater when compared to risk factors at the individual level (MOR=1.37). Overweight are related to the physical activity of children, while consumption is unrelated. It needed strategy and promotion of physical activity in children by involving parents and built environment to make children more active to reduce overweight. Keywords: Overweight, Physical Activity, Consumption
The consumption pattern is the composition of food that includes the type and amount of food on average per person per day, which is generally consumed by the public within a certain period. The COVID-19 pandemic and the policies implemented to prevent its spread have led to changes in lifestyle, including consumption patterns. Changes to unhealthy consumption patterns are known to increase the risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. Students are one of the groups most affected by the pandemic and vulnerable to changes to unhealthy consumption patterns, even though the development of a lifestyle during the 18-25 year age range is very important to form healthy eating habits that last a lifetime. This study measures differences in consumption patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic based on individual and environmental factors in undergraduate students of Universitas Indonesia. The research was conducted online from March-June 2022. The research design used was a cross-sectional study design and the purposive sampling method was used to obtain 137 respondents. The results of this study indicate that most respondents did not experience changes in consumption patterns at the beginning of the pandemic compared to prior the pandemic (36.5%). After two years of the pandemic, most of the respondents also did not experience a change in consumption patterns compared to the beginning of the pandemic (48.9%). However, the Wilcoxon test results found significant differences in intake of most nutrients before the pandemic compared to the beginning of the pandemic, at the start of the pandemic compared to after two years of the pandemic, and before the pandemic compared to after two years of the pandemic. The results of the chi-square test also showed a significant difference in consumption patterns after two years of the pandemic based on changes in stress (p-value = 0.008). Based on the results of multinomial logistic regression analysis, the tendency of respondents with increased stress to experience changes to unhealthy consumption patterns is 2,981 times greater than respondents who do not experience changes in stress or experience decreased stress.
